UFauvism kwipayipi: iimpawu zendlela eseleyo

Ukuqala kwekhulu lama-XX kwaphawulwa ngembonakalo yempuphu yendlela entsha yobugcisa - iFauvism. Umsebenzi wokuqala kule style kubonakala kwiminyaka yokugqibela yeXIXX. Igama lomgca livela kwigama lesiFrentshi elithi "fauve", elithetha "isilwanyana sasendle". Kodwa inguqulelo eyongezelelweyo yokuguqulela yayiyigama elithi "zasendle", elidibene nabameli balo mkhuba. Ngethuba lokuqala lolo hlobo lusetyenziswa ngumgxeki owaziwayo uLouis Vauxel ngokubhekiselele kwimisebenzi yabalingana abancinci abancinci, abadwebi babo baboniswa ngo-1905 kwi-Autumn Salon.

Ukongeza kwimizobo yekhabini yayingumfanekiso, owenziwe kwisitayela sokubuyiselwa kwamaTaliyane. Xa ebona ejikelezwe yimisebenzi engaqhelekanga, umgxekayo wathi lo mfanekiso ufana noDonatello phakathi kwezilwanyana zasendle. Kwenzekile ukuba abameli belo lathiso olutsha baqala ukubizwa ngokuba yiFauvists.

Fauvism kwi peyinti

Izinto ezidalwa ngabatshintshi zenze ivakalelo phakathi kweendwendwe zeSalon, ngenxa yokuba zazihluke kakhulu kwiindlela ezikhoyo. Indlela engavumelani nayo yobugcisa kunye nembono ekhethekileyo yehlabathi ivuselela uluntu: ngokusuka kwimvelaphi yeFauvism nokuba ukucinga kwangaphambili kwaqala ukubonakala kunengqiqo kwaye kuyaqhelanisekile, imveli.

I-Fauvism kwipayili ehluke kwezinye iindlela: abaculi abasebenza kule ndlela babengenayo inkqubo eqhelekileyo yobugcisa. Iingcamango zabo, kunoko, yindlela yokuqinisekisa imbonakalo yabo yehlabathi, isebenzise kule ndlela elula kunye neefom. Ukuncinci kwezigqibo zemiqathango, ukungabikho kombono ohambelana nomgca, ukuqala kwezinto eziboniswayo, zonke izinto ezihlanganisiweyo ezifana noHenri Matisse, uMauriti Marino, u-Andre Derain, uGeorges Braque, uGeorges Rouault, u-Othon Freese, u- Albert Marquet nabanye.

Abameli beFauvism kwipayili, nangona babambelela kwimimiselo efanayo kumsebenzi, bahluke kwindlela yabo yokujonga ngayo. U-Andre Derain wayengqiqo; UHenri Matisse uphupha; UGeorges Rouault uvakalise imifanekiso ngeentlungu ezikhethekileyo kunye nokuhlaselwa. Ukwahlukana okunjalo kwabangela ukuba iiFauves zidibaniswe ixesha elifutshane (inyunyana yahlukana ngo-1908). Emva koko umendo wabo wahlukana, kwaye ngamnye umculi wazifumana esondelene nomoya kunye nendlela yokujonga ngayo, ngelixa utshintshe iindlela zomsebenzi kunye nemigaqo yokudala.

Iimpawu zangoku ezikhoyo

Imisebenzi ye-Fauves, nangona ixesha elifutshane lokuhlala kweqela elidibeneyo labameli balo, linomthelela omkhulu ekuphuhlisweni kwepeyinti yeYurophu. Ukudideka kwempumelelo ebalulekileyo yeso sihlandlo, ukuboleka kwezicwangciso ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kwimibala eyahlukileyo kwenzelwe lo mkhuba okhethekileyo kwaye uqondwa kakuhle. I-Fauvism kwipayili yaba yinto enqamlekileyo eyaxubusha ubuchule bokubhala imibala yaseJapane, iindlela zePost-Impressionist kunye nama-medieval artists. Injongo yeeFauves kwakunokukhuphula ukusetyenziswa kombala, okwakungumaphepha we-litmus we-mood's mood. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukukhethwa kwanikezelwa kumathoni aqhakazileyo, okungafaniyo okudlalwa kunye nemibala yemvelo yemvelo, igxininisa kwaye ibangele. Ndiyabulela kule ndlela, imifanekiso ibonakaliswa ngongxakini kunye nokubonakalisa okungavamile.

UMatisse nombono wakhe wokupenda

Kwabaculi abathile abagqibileyo emsebenzini wabo umxube weendlela ezahlukeneyo, injongo yayiyi-fauvism kwimifanekiso. UMatisse - omnye wabameli ababalaseleyo kulo mkhwa, akayena kuphela umsunguli wayo, kodwa naye ngumntu owenza igalelo elikhulu ekuphuhliseni ulwalathiso.

Ngokukodwa, waqala ukusebenzisa iindlela ezibonakalayo ezothusayo: umzekelo, uMatisse wacinga ukuba kufanelekile ukubonisa ibhinqa elinengxolo eluhlaza, ukuba linikeze umfanekiso wokugqithisa nokuhamba. Wayephikisa ukuba ibonisa ukuba ayikho ibhinqa, kodwa umfanekiso, ngoko icebo lombala lingaba yintoni umculi ofuna ukuyibona. Ephefumlelwe yimisebenzi yabavakalisi ababalaseleyo (ngokukodwa, uVan Gogh noGauguin), uMatisse wadala umsebenzi oqaqambileyo, onomhlaza kwiitoni ezicebileyo.

Inkqubo yangaphambili yomculi ibonakala ngokucacileyo kwimifanekiso ethi "Jonga iCollioure", "I-Lady in Hat".

Phakathi kwabo wazama ukugxininisa imigaqo ebalulekileyo yendlela entsha, ebonisa ukubonakalisa iimvakalelo ezibangelwa yilokho akubonayo, kodwa engahambelani nemibala ejikelezileyo, kodwa ekhonkxwe kwinqanawa yilezo zithixo ezikufuphi emoyeni kumdali. Oku kwakumele iMississe fauvism kwimifanekiso. Imifanekiso yodumo oludumiweyo lwangaphambili liye lagxeka ngaphezu kweyodwa, enye yazo - "i-Blue Nude" - yayitshiswa nakwiiMiboniso zamazwe ngamazwe yoBugcisa beContemporary in 1913, eyayibanjelwe eChicago.

Impembelelo yeFauvism kwimifanekiso yeYurophu

UFauvism kwimifanekiso yezobugcisa zaseYurophu wadlala indima enkulu ekuphuhliseni phambili kwezobugcisa obuhle, ekhuthaza ukuthetha kwindlela yokuqala kwindlela yokuqala yeemvakalelo zomculi, imibono yabo yehlabathi elijikelezile. Ubuntu buphinde bukhulise i-horizons yehlabathi ukubulela kwimibono ye-Fauves.