"Kiss" nguGustav Klimt: imbali yendalo kunye nencazelo

Imisebenzi kaGustav Klimt ibonwa kwihlabathi lonke, kodwa eyona nto ithandwa kakhulu ngumzobo othi "Kiss". Akusikho ngaphandle kwesizathu esibizwa ngokuba yindalo engcono kakhulu yenkosi. Ukukhahlela ubuhle, ubunyulu nothando kuwo wonke umda walo.

Malunga nedilesi

Uzalwa uGustav Klimt e-Austria, phakathi kwekhulu lama-XXI. NgoJulayi 14, 1862 - usuku olulisiweyo lwepeyinti yaseAustria, kuba kubonga umculi kulo, kubonakala, kwavela kwaye kwafumanisa ukuqaphela kwamhlanje. Ngemisebenzi yakhe wahlabelela ngobuhle bendimazana yabesifazane kwindawo yokuqala, ngoko ke inxalenye enkulu yomsebenzi wayo ibonakala ngokunyaniseka.

Uyise kaKlimt wayengumshicileli, oya kuthi, ukuba akazange azimise isigwebo sakhe, ubuncinane bamqhubela endleleni efanelekileyo.

Wafumana imfundo efanelekileyo kwiSikolo soBugcisa ubuGcisa, esiseVienna.

Ubomi babenomusa kumculi, wayazi udumo kunye nozuko esaphila, eba nguprofesa kwi-Academy yobuGcisa belizwe lakubo.

UGustav Klimt wafa ngoFebruwari 6, 1918.

Amanyathelo okuphuhliswa

Imisebenzi yokuqala, "iisampula ze-brush", ngokuyininzi zazibandakanya iifrescoes ezihlobisa amaziko karhulumente-umz. Yonke imidwebo yenziwe kwindlela "yobume".

Ubonakaliso bokuqala bobuqu, obonakalisa ngokuzeleyo umfanekiso "Kiss", ungabonwa kwindlela yokuyila iMyuziyam yeMbali yobuGcisa. Kwakukho apho uKlimt ngo-1891 yenzelwe igumbi lezitebhisi, ezibonisa amanani angama-allegorical abonisa uthando lomculi ngemigqomo ecacileyo, eqinisekisiwe kunye nezobugcisa. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuhamba kwexesha, umgaqo wokwakha usebenza utshintsho - ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX bafumana uphawu olungaphezulu kunye nezinto ezihlobisa.

UGustav Klimt - ngaphandle kokugxininisa ukugxila kwe-Austrian avant-garde ekupheleni kwekhulu. Wathatha inxaxheba ebonakalayo kwimisebenzi yeSithili seNtlalo, esasungulwa ngabasungula kwimida yokupenda.

Imisebenzi ebalulekileyo yeKlimt (kunye nepeyinti edumileyo "Kiss" kuquka) yilexesha elidlulileyo lokudala - kwinqanaba elokuba zonke iifriji ziyamangalisa ngokubonakala kwazo, imiphumo efihlakeleyo ye "mosaic" kunye nemifanekiso enzima eguqula umlingani nokuba kuxhomekeke ekutshintsheni kwendawo yokujonga . Imisebenzi yomculi ibonisa ngokucacileyo ubunye kunye nomzabalazo wokuchasana, ohlaziywa ngabafilosofi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uGustav ulangazelela inkululeko kwinkqubo yokubonisa izinto. Olu ludaka luphula iimfono, lusenza siqonde izinto ezibhaliweyo ukusuka kumbono wokubonakalisa, ekubeni uKlimt uzama ukudlulisela umbukeli konke ukuhluka kunye nokungaqondakali kwehlabathi, eziphakamileyo kuneyona nyaniso nexesha esiva ngayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, unqula into ekhoyo namhlanje, idumisa indalo kuyo yonke imvelo yayo, idonsa umhlobiso.

Umqhele wendalo

Ubungangamsha obukhulu phakathi kwabafundi be-Art Nouveau kunye nobugcisa ngokubanzi bufunyenwe kumfanekiso kaG. Klimt "I-Kiss".

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba lo msebenzi ungowesihlandlo "segolide" salo mculi - ke ngoko kwakunjalo ukuthanda kwakhe ukuklanywa kwemisebenzi, kubonakaliswe ngobuninzi bokwakha.

Nangona kunjalo, imisebenzi kaKlimt yinto yokuba igolide ayibonakali ingcolile kwaye ayikhombisi iingcamango malunga neekerubhi ezinamaqatha. Umbala kulo mzekelo usebenza njengesithintelo, okuphucula umphumo wonke oveliswa ngumfanekiso.

Umbhali wepeyinti ethi "Kiss" wayesebenza kulo nyaka, ephethe ixesha lokudala phakathi kuka-1907 no-1908.

Imbali yendalo

Ngokwembono ekholiswa ngokubanzi, imbali yokubonakala komfanekiso ilandelayo. Bala, ogama lakhe lingasifumani, lalela umculi umfanekiso njengesipho somtshakazi wakhe. Imeko ephambili yomthengi kukuba ukubala kunye nomtshakazi kwakufanele kuboniswe njengokuba udibene ebusweni obunomdla.

Njengoko umculi wenza umyalelo, wonke umntu uyazi, kodwa i-Aristocrate, ezama ukuphazamisa intanda yakhe, yavuya. Nangona kunjalo, wayenomdla kumbuzo omnye. Yisiphi isizathu sokuba imilomo yamaqhawe epeyibini ayithandane? U-Klimt waphendula ngokuthi "oku kwakuyicebo," wazama ukubonisa ngokupheleleyo uthando lokulangazelela kunye nomnqweno obangela ukubanga. Impendulo iyanelisekile umthengi, kwaye wanikela umfanekiso kumthandi wakhe. Le ntombazana yayimangaliswe ngumsebenzi kangangokuthi wamkela ngokukhawuleza ukunikezelwa kwesandla nentliziyo.

Emva kwexeshana, xa umfanekiso u-Kiss Klimt sele uwaziwa, ibali liye longezwa ngumlobi ngokwakhe. Kubonakala ukuba kwinkqubo yokubhala uGustav ngokwakhe wayezibhenkcele kwintombazana. Kwaye ngenxa yemvakalelo yesikhwele akazange avumele ukuba umlomo we-Count uthinte umlomo wakhe.

Inkcazo yangaphandle

Ukubunjwa komfanekiso kulula - akuxhaswanga ngumthamo wabalingisi okanye ubunzima beemeko. Kulo lonke i-Klimt-ukugqibezela ukunyaniseka kunye nenkcazo yento kuphela enomdla.

I-flower meadow, ehlala edwaleni. Isibini esithandanayo kule ngqungquthela, sixhomekeke kwihlabathi lonke, sichithwa kuphela komnye kunye nomvakalelo jikelele. I-aura yegolide, isithinteli esiphezulu somfanekiso, ongenamathele kuyo nayiphi indawo okanye ixesha. Siyabulela kule nto, ingcamango yesilinganiso senxaxheba kunye nokungakwazi kwayo ixesha elibi. Akukho mlando, akukho nzakalo kumntu nakwezemvelo-akukho nto. Umfanekiso othi "Kiss" (isithombe) sibonisa abaphulaphuli nje ukuba bathanda.

I ntsi ngiselo

Njengoko sele kukhankanywe ngasentla, le ngxowa yabhalwa ngexesha "legolide" leKlimt, xa edibanisa kakhulu ukubaluleka kwendlela yakhe yokuhlobisa i-zadumok. Ngokubanzi, ngelo xesha indima ebalulekileyo ekuthandweni komsebenzi womculi wadlala ngothando lwakhe lweqabunga legolide. Lo mmbala uthintela abaphulaphuli ngamaxesha onke, okungabizwa ngokuba ngumlingo - ukutsala, ukugxininisa, ukubeka ubunzima nokuphefumlela ingqiqo yecala elithatha ithambo. Akumangalisi ukuba igolide idlala i-violin yokuqala kwinkqubo yokuhlobisa izakhiwo zonqulo, akunjalo?

Kakade, akukho mntu unokutsho ngokuthe ngqo ukuba uGastav Klimt uthetha njani kwinkqubo yokubhala umsebenzi wakhe. Inkcazelo yomfanekiso othi "Kiss" nguyiphi na eyayibonile, iyakwazi ukuzimela. Nangona kunjalo, phantse bonke babonisa iimvakalelo ezifanayo.

Ubungangamsha obukhanyayo obuvela kwi "Kiss" bubonisa ngokupheleleyo intsingiselo yomfanekiso. Ubunzulu bomfanekiso buncitshiswa ubuncinane - akukho tshintsho, ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo kwendiza emibini. Ngenxa yolu tshintsho indawo yombhobho ibonakala ingenamkhawulo.

Ewe, kwaye iziganeko zamadoda nabasetyhini ziyabonakala - wabuya kumbukeli, wagxininisa ngokupheleleyo intanda yakhe, wayezihlukanisa nayo yonke into yangaphandle. Yena kwaye uxakeke kuphela.

Impembelelo yemibala kunye nemihlobiso

Abaninzi abagxeki bathi umfanekiso "Kiss" ngumanyano kuwo wonke umlinganiselo, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo ugxininisa iingubo zamaqhawe. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhangele ngokukhawuleza, unokubona ukungafani kwengubo - indoda inzima, iimoko ezicacileyo, amasimi e-grey, emnyama nomhlophe, ngelixa umfazi sele eneentsimbi ezigciniweyo ezigqityiweyo zigqitywe nge-palette ye-motley. Ngokumalunga neqiniso lokuba babumbene nehalo yegolide eqhelekileyo, lo mdahluko kwimifanekiso unyanyiweyo, ingakumbi kuba uguqulwa ngenxa yendlela yokwenza umzobo oqhelekileyo womfanekiso.

Imvelaphi yobuYuda

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba umthombo wehalo, umqolo wayo, ngumntu. Nguye ojikeleze loo ntokazi, echukumisa umlomo wakhe kuye. Le ndlela yasetyenziswa nguGustav Klimt. "Kiss" ngumfanekiso ozwakala njengoluyisa kwendalo, esekelwe ngamandla omntu kunye nokunyameka komfazi. Nguyena obeka umbane wonke wamandla enamandla kunye nodumo, kodwa onobubele, onothando. Ubume bawo abuhambisani nentsholongwane, ubunjani besintu - kwakhona kwakhona kugxininisa inyaniso, "isilwanyana" ubudlelwane bobudlelwane, apho kungekho ndawo yentlalontle, umzabalazo wamalungelo kunye nezinye izinto zobomi baloo minyaka ukuzama ukuhlamba umda phakathi kwesondo. Ukuba ulwahlukileyo nothando, lo mfazi uboniswa ngamadolo, owazibandakanya naye, ukuhlala kwakhe konke ukubonisa ukuthobela kunye nephepha.

U kubanga omnye?

Ngelishwa, umsebenzi omnye kuphela uvavanya italente yomculi onjalo njengoGustav Klimt. "Hlaziya" - umfanekiso wesigxina ngokuthembeka nangokumangalisayo, kodwa ubuchule bayo abuphelelanga kuwo. Ukuzaliswa kokungabi nabulungisa, siza kugxininisa imisebenzi ethile yomculi, engafanelekanga ingqalelo engaphantsi.

Athena Pallada

Okumangalisayo kukuba, i-counterweight kwi "Kiss", kodwa ukususela kule nto ayinyanisekileyo. Lo mfanekiso ubhaliwe kwiminyaka emibini ngaphambi kokufika kwekhulu lama-XX - kwakule xesha kwaqala ukubonakala ithuba lokuqala lomfazi ekubonakaliseni njengomntu. Ngakumbi - ngelo xesha ingcamango yolawulo lwabameli beesigqeba esihle sesintu yavunyelwa. Ukubonakaliswa kwezi zintlobo ngumthikazikazi u-Athena Pallada - ingqwalasela yengqondo, ubulumko nokuzimisela. Uqinisekile kuye, akathandabuzeki ukunqoba, ufuna kuphela ukufikelela. Umfanekiso "Kiss" uthetha ngomnye, akunjalo? Nangona kunjalo, ngokubhalwa komfanekiso kukho iziganeko eziza kuba ikhampasi yexilongo ngexesha elizayo - ukuqhutyelwa komzimba kunye nomhlobiso, iqhawe lomfanekiso kunye nemvelaphi - enye iyonke. Kwaye khangela nje ngalawo mahlo! Amandla onke anomntu namandla ehlabathi kwimbono yabo.

Golden Adele

Kulo mfanekiso, owenziwe ngumyalelo woshishino, othe wanquma ukunika isipho umfazi wakhe, uKlimt waphendukela kuwo onke amandla akhe. Ingumxholo wezinto ezinobungqina kunye nokukhishwa. Ukuqhutyelwa kwe-Mycenaean spirals kunye neenyawo zaseYiputa zongeza i-exotics kunye nokuzimela ukufihla ukusebenza ngenxa yesizathu. Kwakhona, imeko ehambileyo ngothando, umba ophambili kukuba ngeli xesha umculi ufumane ukuvakalelwa. Umzobo othi "Kiss" wachaza uthando lwentandokazi, kwi "Golden Adele" iKlimt ibonisa ukusabalalisa uthando, okungazange kuthinteke ubuhle, amandla kunye nokukhanya komfazi.

Igama lakhe lalinguAdel Bloch Bower. Wayetshatile kumntu owayesemdala kunabo, ehlanjululwa yintlungu kwaye wayenomdla onqabileyo ngogwayi. UKlimt wayeqeshwe ngumyeni wakhe ukuze abhale umfanekiso wesithandwa sakhe. Intlanganiso yabo yenzeka ngowe-1904, ngexesha elifanayo umsebenzi waqala emfanekisweni. Yaye isithandana phakathi kwenkosi kunye nomzekelo.

UMnu Bloch Bauer waphawula ubudlelwane obuphakathi kukaGustav noAdele, kodwa akazange aqalise ihlazo. Wenza ngendlela eyahlukileyo - wenza okokuba ekuphinjeni okungapheliyo kweso sikhundla esilungileyo, isi sibini sichitha ixesha elininzi kunye. Isicwangciso sasiyimpumelelo - ukuvakalelwa kwacinywa, izithandwa zazingxinwa. Ubuhlobo obufihlakeleyo buphelile ngokukhawuleza, njengoko iAdele yaseAlide yagqitywa.