UVasily Grigorievich uPerov (1833-1882) wayephila ubomi obuncinane nobunzima. Imisebenzi yakhe yeendidi ezahlukileyo ibonisa ukukhangela umculi, kubonisa ukukhula kobuchule. Bamele ubomi bomculi wanamhlanje ngeendlela ezininzi. Akazivaleli kwi-workshop yakhe, kodwa ubonisa abantu iingcamango zakhe. Ukudala ulwimi olutsha, uPerov wenza okuninzi, inkcazo yemifanekiso eya kunikwa ngezantsi. Ngoko ke, umzobo wakhe awuzange ulahlekelwe yimilinganiselo kwiintsuku zethu. Ukususela kwimifanekiso ye-V.G. UPerova uthetha nathi ngexesha.
Wanderer, 1859.
Lo mdwebo wePerov wabhalwa ngumfundi, kwaye akazange anikezelwe ngamagada. Nangona kunjalo, kubonisa ukuba ukhethe isihloko asizange samkelwe ngelo xesha. Kule msebenzi, iminqweno yomculi ihlanganisiwe: kumfanekiso kunye nomntu olahlwe ngumntu, ozayo kamva uza kuphawula yonke imisebenzi yakhe yokudala. Umculi oneminyaka engamashumi amabini anesithandathu ubudala wanikela umbukeli kumdala, owayebekezele kakhulu ebomini bakhe, obone intlungu engakumbi kunezovuyo. Kwaye ngoku, indoda endala, engenawo uphahla phezu kwentloko yayo, ihamba, ihlasele ngenxa kaKristu. Nangona kunjalo, igcwele isithunzi nokuzola, okungekho wonke umntu.
"Sharman"
Lo mdwebo uPerov wabhalwa eParis ngo-1863. Ngaloo nto asiyi kubona i-lumpen, kodwa ngokubhekiselele kwimilinganiselo yaseRashiya yomntu ocebileyo, ucocekile kwaye unxibe kakuhle, ophoqelelwe ukusebenza kwisitalato. Akakwazi ukufumana ezinye iindlela zokuphila. Nangona kunjalo, umlingiswa wabantu baseFransi uyafana lula. I-Parisian ifunda amaphephandaba amaninzi, ivakalisa ngokuzithandela izihloko zezopolitiko, idla kuphela kwiitishi zeefestile, kungekho ekhaya, isebenzisa ixesha elide ekuhambeni kwi-boulevards nakwiindawo zokudlala, okanye zikhangele izinto ezitratweni, ziyamkela abafazi abahle. Ngoko i-organ-grinder, ngoku ikhefu emsebenzini wakhe, ayiyi kuphinda iphoswe ngumnumzane okanye u-madam, oya kuthi ngokuqinisekileyo uyathetha intlanzi, kwaye, xa efumene imali, uya ku cafe ethanda ukuhlala phezu kwendebe yekhofi nokudlala i-chess. Yonke into ayifani neyaseRashiya. Akumangalisi ukuba u V. Perov ubuze ukuba abuyele ekhaya, apho kwakucacile kuye kunokuba umntu olula.
"Ibhontshisi yeembotyi", 1865
Umzobo wePerov kule ndawo yohlobo luxelela kakhulu umntu waseRussia, nokuba likhulu elinamanci mahlanu emva kokudalwa kwayo. Phambi kwethu ngumntu onesizungu. Akanayo intsapho. Usizi lwakhe olubuhlungu ugalela kwiglasi yewayini, ekhwaza iingcingo zegitala, eyedwa kuphela. Kwindlu engenanto kubanda (i-guitarist ihleli ephezulu, izambatho zetratato), ezingenanto (sibona kuphela isihlalo kunye nxalenye yetafile), singabonisi kakuhle kwaye singahlambulukanga, iifotyi ze-cigarette phantsi. Izinwele kunye neendvuba ixesha elide alizange zibone i-crest. Kodwa kumntu konke okufanayo. Wavusa isandla sakhe ixesha elide kunye nobomi, njengoko kuvela. Ngubani oya kumnceda, insizwa, ufumana umsebenzi kwaye ufumene umfanekiso wesintu? Akukho mntu. Akukho mntu uyamkhathalelayo. Ukungathembeki kwalo mfanekiso. Kodwa yinyani, yinto eyona nto.
Ukuyiqonda
Ukwenza njengenguvulindlela kule ndawo yokupenda, iPerov, imifanekiso yabo iindaba kunye nokuvulela umphakathi waseRussia, iyaqhubeka nokuhlakulela umxholo womntu omncinci, oxhomekeke kuye. Oku kuboniswa ngumfanekiso wokuqala owenziwe emva kokubuya kukaPerov "Ukubona umfi." Ngesibhakabhaka, ilanga elinesibhakabhaka, phantsi kwefu lamafu, i-sleigh kunye nebhokisi ihamba ngokukhawuleza. Zilawulwa ngumfazi ongumlimi, inkwenkwe nentombazana zihleli ngaphesheya kwebhokisi likayise. Inja iyagijima. Yonke into. Akukho namnye ohambisa umntu kumendo wokugqibela. Kwaye akukho mntu ufuna. I-Perov, eneemifanekiso ezibonisa zonke ukungenamakhaya nokuhlaziswa kobukho babantu, baboniswe kwimiboniso yoMbutho weWanderers, apho bafumana impendulo kwimiphefumlo yabameli.
Iimpawu zohlobo
Imihla ngemihla, iindawo zokukhanya zomkhaya nazo zinomdla kumphathi. Ezi ziquka "iPtitselov" (1870), "Abalobi" (1871), "iBotanist" (1874), "iDovecote" (1874), "Abazingeli ekupheleni" (1871). Makhe sihlale kulo mva, kuba akunakwenzeka ukuchaza imifanekiso kaPerov yabo bonke abo ufuna. Abazingeli abathathu basebenzise ngempumelelo intsuku ejikeleza emasimini, abanzi beqingqiweyo, abafihla umdlalo wensimi kunye namabhinki. Baye banxibe benxibe, kodwa banezibhamu ezigqwesileyo, kodwa le ndlela ifana nabazingeli. Ekufuphi kukho ixhoba, ebonisa ukuba abubulali nto eyona nto ebalulekileyo ekuzingeleni, kodwa uvuyo, ukulandelela phantsi. Phantse isiqwenga esinye, umbalisi uxelela abantu abaliphulaphuli ngentshiseko. Uyabonisa, amehlo akhe ashushu, umlambo ugeleza. Abazingeli abathathu abanenhlanhla, abonakaliswe ngombono wehlazo, bavusane.
Iimpawu zePerov
Oku kukufezekiswa okungenasiphelo komphathi emsebenzini wakhe wexesha elidlulileyo. Akunakwenzeka ukuba uluhlu lwezinto zonke, kodwa iimpumelelo zayo eziphambili ziyi-portraits ye-IS. UTurgenev, AN Ostrovsky, F. Dostoevsky, A.N. Maikova, V.I. Dalia, M.P. Pogodin, umrhwebi I.S. Kamynin. Umfazi kaFyodor Mikhailovich wayexabisa kakhulu umzobo wendoda yakhe, ekholelwa ukuba uPerov wabanjwa ngethuba xa F. UDostoevsky wayeseburhulumenteni, xa wayenombono.
Umzobo kaPerov othi "uKristu Emyezo waseGetsemane"
Ukulahlekelwa ngumntu, ukulahlekelwa ngumfazi wokuqala kunye nabantwana abadala I-Perov ihluphekile, ichithwe ngokucacileyo kwinqanawa. Phambi kwethu yindoda, ichithwe yintlungu, engayiqondi.
Iyakwamkelwa kuphela ngentando ephakamileyo, yamkelwe kwaye ayikrokra. Imibuzo evela kwiilahleko ezimbi zezifo ezikufutshane nezibi, kwaye uPerov ngelo xesha wayesele ekhulile kwaye engaphelelwa yithemba, kuba yintoni kwaye kutheni kwenzeka, abayifumananga impendulo. Kuhlala yinto enye kuphela-ukunyamezela nokungazikhalazi, kuba nguye kuphela oya kuqonda kwaye anike, ukuba kuyimfuneko, induduzo. Abantu abakwazi ukunciphisa intlungu ngeentlekele ezinjalo, baqhubeka bephila ubomi babo bemihla ngemihla ngaphandle kokungena kwiintlungu zabanye. Umfanekiso ubumnyama, kodwa ukuntwela kokusa kusuka kude, kunika ithemba lokutshintsha. Yonke into idlula, iya kudlula.
UVasily Perov, onobudwebo obufanelekileyo kwiindlela ezininzi ukuya namhlanje, akayikwesaba ukushiya umkhondo kunye nokutshintsha. Abafundi bakhe M.V. Nesterov, A.P. Ryabushkin, A.S. U-Arkhipov waba ngumculi weRussia owaziwayo, owayehlala ekhumbula umfundisi wabo njengendoda enentliziyo enkulu.