TMJ: iingxaki nezisombululo, iindlela zonyango

Bambalwa abantu phawula ukubaluleka welungu temporomandibular emzimbeni. Iingxaki nezisombululo ezinxulumene nayo musa Akukhathaliseki. Kodwa kuphela logama nje abantu abazange ukumelana nesi sifo ngokuhlangeneyo.

Yintoni TMJ?

Siza kubona ntoni na TMJ, iingxaki nezisombululo zesicwangciso anayo. Le TMJ. Le sise umntu phambi kwendlebe kwaye iquka mandible kunye amathambo temporal. Vala ukuba izihlunu kunye nemisipha zinika ukuvulwa nokuvalwa umlomo. Kule imeko eqhelekileyo, ngaphandle ezimbi Iintshukumo umhlathi musa esingenakubangela naliphi na ukungakhululeki umntu. TMJ ekunokuthiwa enye ngoyena usetyenziswa rhoqo emzimbeni, kuba isebenza imini yonke ukuthetha, yawning, ukuhlafuna ukutya.

Njengabo bonk 'abantu, yena sinotyekelo sifo, kwaye asinto ingaqhelekanga - malunga ne-40% abantu baye kubo mna, nangona esi sifo joint ingaphantsi eqhelekileyo kune, umzekelo, yidityaniso okanye isifo periodontal. Noko ke, asingabo bonke abantu abosulelekileyo icele uncedo kugqirha, nje ningaqondi; iimpawu ezinxulumeneyo, kwaye alindele elizimeleyo nokulahleka yabo.

iimpawu zesifo

Ukuba sihlolisisa TMJ ukuphazamiseka, iingxaki nezisombululo (diagnosis kuya kuxoxwa ngezantsi), ukuba unako kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke uhlobo uhlobo sifo. Kodwa iimpawu zabo zidityaniswe zibe uluhlu olunye, njengoko efanayo phambi zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo:

• intloko;
• iintlungu indlebe, ukuxinana, ikhalisa;
• ziba kwi imihlathi imisipha yobuso;
• izandi esindayo xa uhambisa emhlathini - egramza, unqakraza, ukugaya;
• iindawo nkovu kalanga (submandibular)
• nesiyezi.

Xa efumanise iimpawu ezinjalo kufuneka ukuba bajonge wamazinyo kuba kunokwenzeka ukuba esi sifo le TMJ.

Izinto ezibangela izifo

TMJ izifo, iingxaki nezisombululo ezinxulumene nazo, zimbalwa, kodwa izinto zivela kakhulu lukhulu. Kubangela izifo ingaba ezahlukahlukeneyo ngezenzeko kwindalo:

• trauma umhlathi okanye amathambo yobuso;
• Ntshikilelo, overexertion;
• iingxaki kunye nenkqubo yonyango;
• izifo metabolic;
• isifo esosulelayo;
• umzimba kakhulu;
• malocclusion;
• isifo yamazinyo, iingxaki yokupha.

isifo TMJ

Ukuba sinikele ingqalelo kwimeko TMJ (ingxaki, iimpawu), iingxaki kuza uxilongo kunye nokumisela uhlobo lwesifo. joint Temporomandibular kungenziwa phantsi izifo ezifana:

• Samathambo. Luphawulwa intlungu joint, ukudumba yayo, umda kweentshukumo kwemihlathi. Unokuba nomkhuhlane. Kule fomu ezingapheliyo kukho yagcwala ngoxa uqhuba. Ukuba isifo ndabaleka, umphumo inokuba deformation welungu.
• Ukudleka. Kubonakaliswa intlungu edibeneyo iindlebe, iintshukumo okungaqhelekanga kwemihlathi xa uvula (kubhajiswa emoyeni, ibrotsha), kunye nokufuna crackles. Amaxesha amaninzi kukho intlungu imisipha masticatory.
• Dislocation welungu. Luphawulwa lilungiselelo imihlathi xa kuthelekiswa enye kwenye waphula umthetho intloko ukubana welungu disc, iintlungu xa uvula, nokufuna.
• Ankylosis. Ukucutha iintshukumo umhlathi, obe ubaqhiphukisa ukwenzakala okanye usuleleko. Ubovu zenza umngcipheko asymmetry yobuso, yidityaniso olubanzi, malocclusion. Kule kwisigaba - ilahleko ngokupheleleyo intshukumo.
• Iintungu articular kwekhono. Kubonakaliswa intlungu indlebe netempile, ukwandisa xa uhambisa joint, imisindo , uvimba umhlathi.

ekuxilongweni

ezona ndlela mihla zisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa iingxaki TMJ, evumela uxilongo echanekileyo. Ngapha koko, kuxhomekeke ukuba ayaphumelela. Ukuchonga zonke iingxaki TMJ nezisombululo, nendlela yokufumanisa isifo ibandakanya lwezonyango, radiographic, kunye nezifundo olusebenzayo. Ekuqaleni, ugqirha uhlola umlomo, izikhalazo isigulane zihlalutywe. Lo msebenzi wenziwa wamazinyo-zamathambo. Kwenza Ngokucofa izihlunu masticatory, joint ngokwayo, ivavanye awo sesindululo kwemihlathi, ukuba kunzima.

indima enkulu ekumiseleni sifo kudlala radiographs, luveza utshintsho awathethi entlanganweni. Ngelo kusekwangoko isifo kusetyenziswa Itomography ngekhompyutha. Zonke ezinxulumene iingxaki TMJ kunye nezisombululo aziwa wamazinyo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, isigulane wathumela thethwano kunye wamathambo, endocrinologist kunye nezinye iingcali.

Iindlela zonyango

Xa uzimisele TMJ disorder, iingxaki nezisombululo, unyango isekelwe iingcebiso ngokubanzi:

• Ukusetyenziswa ukutya athambileyo akudingi ihlafuna elide kunye ngokucokisekileyo. Ukuthobela ulawulo uxolo ehlanganyelwayo, ayikwazi ukuvula umlomo wakhe ububanzi.
• Compress isicelo kwakuthethwa ezahlukeneyo, kubanda - ekunciphiseni iintlungu, ezifudumeleyo - zisulu njengotsaleko kwezihlunu aqaqambayo.
• Kukwamkela iziyobisi ukudumba kunye iintlungu.
• Ukususwa ucinezelo ngokugqithisileyo ngokusilungisa amazinyo unomntana. Oku kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa uyilo ekhethekileyo acrylic kwakunye zitho.
• Ukuyifundisa (electrophoresis, massage).
• Ukususwa uxinzeleko dystrophy (antispasmodics reception).
• Xa indlela ezimbi ngayo esi sifo emva ukusetyenziswa zonke iindlela zonyango kufuneka ukubhenela uqhaqho. Ngu uhlobo sifo ugqirha luya kuqukunjelwa ukuba kufanele ukuba kubekho - yokubetha ezidityanelweyo okanye ukutshintshwa ngokupheleleyo.

Kulula yaye ngokukhawuleza ukuze ukunyanga TMJ disorder kusekwangoko, ngoko musa ngoyaba kuvela na iimpawu. Unyango iintlobo elichubekileyo sifo amaxesha ithatha ukuya kwiminyaka emininzi.

arthrosis

Ukudleka ekwenyukeni utshintsho sisiba mandundu zomzimba ngokubambisana. Ebonakalisiwe iintlungu zifutha, ubukho izandi esindayo xa uhambisa emhlathini sithintelo ukuqina yayo ukuhamba. unyango arthrosis lubandakanya utyando wamathambo (umz ezase), yokuthanjiswa, imisebenzi kwezonyango, impilo yomzimba. iintlobo Advanced of osteoarthritis iphathwa kuphela uqhaqho TMJ. Ukudleka, iingxaki nezisombululo ezinxulumene nayo, kufuneka balujongisise ngenyameko uze uhlolisise-ortodond wamazinyo phambi kokuba izigqibo ahlinzwe njengecebo lokugqibela.

Esi sifo kuqhelekile kubantu abadala, kuba unesifo isiqingatha sabantu. Eselula lingaphantsi eqhelekileyo, ingakumbi kwabasetyhini. Iimbangi ezingundoqo arthrosis abanokusebenza phambi samathambo esinganyangekiyo, malocclusion, bruxism, ukuphatheka bemihlathi utyando, iinkqubo zamazinyo iphethe engachanekanga (engalunganga sentlalo okanye afakelweyo amatywina), kwakunye nezinye izinto ezininzi (exesheni kwabasetyhini, yofuzo, njalo njalo). Kuthintelo occlusion ekucetyiswa ulungiso ukupheliswa kwangethuba izifo zomlomo ubambe afakelweyo (okanye omnye umsebenzi wamazinyo) kuphela nabazobuchwephesha yeklasi phezulu.

samathambo

Arthritis - ukudumba intlala kunye kungenzeka yoma. abantu bangenwe abadala abasele isifo samathambo amanye amalungu. Kwakhona ukuba arthritis abanokusebenza kwentlungu, usulelo (ezifana influenza okanye kwingxaki a tonsils esingapheliyo), izifo zamazinyo. mandundu - zizifo ezingapheliyo kwaye yehlise nezifo. Ndakuva kwamalunga kusekwangoko lwenzeka ngaphandle naziphi na iimpawu.

Uphawu lokuqala, phambi leyo sele Kuyimfuneko ukuba ilungiswe kugqirha - oko antsi kwemihlathi esezantsi kusasa. Emva kwayo kukho nezinye iimpawu - ezibuhlungu (okanye yondele) iintlungu, izandi esindayo xa uhambisa emhlathini (kwemeko, snap). Ukuba samathambo kusisiphumo ukwenzakala, uya kuzibonakalisa ngokwayo nangoko emva kokonzakala nokudumba neentlungu kakhulu ngcembe kwanwenwa entanyeni, intloko, iindlebe, ulwimi.

Ukuba umntu urhanela e TMJ samathambo, iingxaki nezisombululo zazo kufuneka kwangoko uxoxe kunye nogqirha, ukuvimbela uphuhliso ngakumbi esi sifo. The main Umgaqo kwi unyango - ukuqinisekisa nokungakwazi joint, ukulungisa umhlathi yi ibotshwe ngenkwitshi. Arthritis nawuphi na umyalezo amisele steroid. uhlobo ezosulelayo of nyango lungancedayo ngaphandle antibiotics kunye immunnostimulyatorov hayi. samathambo esibuhlungu, susa ukufukuka nokuseka ejikelezayo.

kwekhono

ukusebenza engafanelekanga welungu temporomandibular kuthiwa kwekhono temporomandibular ezidibeneyo. Esi sifo kunye nesandi ngokunqakraza xa imihlathi yokuvala yayo ngexeshana elifutshane. Ezinye Iimpawu ezinxulumene kwekhono - iintlungu ezindlebeni, indawo iliso, umhlathi (ngexesha ukuhlafuna okanye yawning) kunye imisipha yobuso, utshintsho unomntana, kunye nentloko ebuhlungu. Emva kokuba uxoxe nogqirha wakho wabonakala neengxaki TMJ kunye nezisombululo, nokuphazamiseka nga mayilungiswe ngandlel 'ithile, leyo eya ingcebiso yincutshe. Indlela unyango zilandelayo zikhona:

• ulawulo iziyobisi, asuse spasm, eqatha ababulali iintlungu kunye arhente anti-ukudumba;
• uhlengahlengiso occlusion ngokusebenzisa uyilo ezizodwa, ukuphelisa amazinyo amazinyo lingonakali ukwanda zabo;
• liqhuba unyango zengqondo ukuba ukuphungula uxinzelelo kwemisipha zokwehlisa;
• ukuba isincomo yi ugqirha unyango baye basilela, utyando yenzelwa phezu entlanganweni.

luxation

Dislocation of the temporomandibular joint - le nguqulelo onke amathambo akhe, kokuphazamisa inkqubo eqhelekileyo yokusebenza emhlathini. Ngaba iifomu etsolo (traumatic) kunye obuqhelekileyo. dislocation traumatic kwenzeka lifuthe kwemihlathi, izinyo ophantsi zokufakelwa okanye ngexesha ukuhlafuna, yawning okanye ukukhala. kuvela dislocation wokufika ukusuka ubu kwamaqhina izixhobo articular, yokwakheka iimpawu zayo. Akwenzeki ukuba ukusombulula ngokuzimeleyo evela iingxaki TMJ. Kwaye isigqibo ngalo mba kufuneka ugqirha. Unyango ikhutshwa phandle ngokunciphisa iintshukumo kwemihlathi kusetyenziswa kwisixhobo amazinyo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, sebenzisa i physiotherapy kunye amachiza-ukudumba.