St. Clement Inkerman Cave Monastery: inkcazelo, imbali, indawo kunye umdla facts

Inkerman Cave Monastery yeyona indala phakathi yoonongendi mqolomba akhiwe eCrimea. Le iliwa emishini (eliweni yayo entshona) wakrola indawo yayo engundoqo. Ngomhla ithafa engxondorheni kukho amabhodlo inqaba Calamita, ukudalwa apho ibhekisela kwinkulungwane VI. Kweli nqaku, senza ukuchaza Inkerman Umqolomba Monastery, utyelelo leyo eye yaba yinxalenye yale iinkqubo zenkcubeko abantu abaninzi abaye bagqiba ukutyelela Sevastopol. Le ndawo ikufuphi kuloo mzi, e Inkerman (a kwihlomela of Sevastopol). Siya ukucacisa ngokweenkcukacha ngembali woonongendi aphambili iintlafuno yayo.

st Clement

Indoda waliseka St. Clement umqolomba eMonastri yi St. Clement, omnye abashumayeli abadumileyo wonqulo lwamaKristu. Waye wamiselwa yi uMpostile uPetros eRoma. Kuba ukushunyayelwa ubuKristu kulo mzi Clement wathunyelwa Chersonese. Kukho kakade malunga 2 amawaka. AmaKristu ngaphambili ubunzima bebonke isiphelo sinye. Kwaye emifanekisweni eqingqiweyo saint washumayela ukholo lwakhe. zazinza abaninzi abantu ababehlala kufutshane babhaptizwa kuye. Abalawuli Chersonese ochaphazelekayo ngale, ubhishophu wabulawa kunyaka 101. entanyeni yakhe wabophelela loo ankile, uze emva koko antywiliselwe elikufutshane Cossack Bay.

Ukwakhiwa libandla izinto ezingcwele St. Clement

Emva konyaka, amanzi aphantsi, iintsalela ilungisa ukuba sele zifumaneka GROTTO kwamanzi. Ukususela ngoko, qho ngonyaka ngomhla wokufa kwakhe, beza amakholwa kwindawo kokubulawa kwakhe. Baya imbeko izinto ezingcwele ezingcwele yokuqhelisa emazantsi. Ukuya kutsho kwinkulungwane XI, umsinga ulwandle kuvumela abantu ukuba benze i uhambo. Emva koko, kwisiqithi encinane embindini ibheyi, lwakwakhiwa ibandla, yaye izinto uClement bafudukela apho. Kwaye ngexesha lethu kukho le siqithi. Ngoku ke ummandla kweyunithi emkhosini. Ngenxa yoko yokomba olwenziwa ngo-1890, amagumbi eziliqela, kwakunye indlwana kunye ezingcwele saint zifunyenweyo.

Ngo-861, i- Saints KIRILL I Mefody wafika Hersonissos. Ngenxa imvume ubhishophu wasekuhlaleni, bathabatha izinto ezingcwele kunye nabo, wayisa eRoma. Nanamhla oku, zigcinwa apha, kule Basilica iSt Clement. Prince Vladimir wabhaptizwa ngo Hersonissos, kwi X ngenkulungwane, safudukela eKiev inxalenye izinto ezingcwele saint.

ukuqinisa Construction

AmaByzantine kwinkulungwane VI wabeka Ukomelezwa kwayo phezulu emaweni Okukhulu. Wahlala esingabo: engxondorheni eqingqiweyo ngokuthe ngcembe iiseli, iicawe kunye namagumbi mqolomba. Bonke idityaniswe izinyuko oqingqiweyo waya engxondorheni. Kunoko, ukuba ilungiswe-ikonopochitateli iimonki ababaleka kuBukhosi baseByzantium ngexesha intshutshiso iinkolelo.

Ukuvela zokuhlala, lokufakwa ezinqabeni yi baseTurkey

In Zagaytanskoy kumculo ibekwe eqonda lasempumalanga emiqolombeni ezininzi kwimiqolo eziliqela, kwabakho yokuhlala kumaxesha, nto leyo ayikaqondwa kakuhle. Phambi kokuba ekuqaleni ubungqina ebhaliweyo ngenkulungwane XIV Kalam akazange asinde. Le yinxalenye eCrimea ngenkulungwane XV saphenjelelwa Theodoro ukubusa. In Black River ichweba yaseYopa Avlita yadalwa. Ukuze akhusele uThemba, umthetheli kangupsky ukwakha phezu kwisiqithi inqaba yamandulo. Ngoko ke waba inqaba Kalamita. Le nqaba ngo-1475 i-Turks kwikhompyutha. Bathi ngokutsha ukuze ukuba uyahlangabezana neemfuneko umpu. Wabuyela emva ukusuka baseTurkey igama elitsha le ndawo - Inkerman, gama elo elithetha "umqolomba inqaba".

Woonongendi ngeli xesha kwaba ukuhla. Kungenzeka, lendela bafuduka woonongendi ukuya Cape Fiolent, apho lalikhona St. George monastery. Xa yokuhlala elizayo yena waphila ixesha elifutshane. Emva kokuba amaKristu Ushiye eCrimea ngo-1778, woonongendi ekugqibeleni bamshiya.

Ukuvuselelwa woonongendi

Emva kokuba nokudliwa eCrimea ukuya kwintsimi Russian baqalisa ukuvuselela Inkerman umqolomba eMonastri (eCrimea). Kin yavulwa ngo-1850, nayo ibekwe apha waqalisa kuvuselelwa emqolombeni yeetempile ezintathu. Ngoko ukufumana ubomi yesibini Inkerman St. Clement Monastery. Imbali wamiswa liqela iziganeko ezibalulekileyo.

Clement Church

Church egameni uClement yamiselwa lokuqala (kumaXesha Aphakathi kwaba St. George Temple, apho, ngokutsho legend, Clement ngokwakhe kwankqonkqoza eweni). Icawe unohlobo sonto. indawo kwayo uwahlule ube zahlulo zithathu ngu imiqolo emibini columns. izitulo ifudusiwe oqingqiweyo waya engxondorheni, ezinye iikholam, kwakunye niche, eyenzelwe altarpiece. A nyoba elide kukhokelela ibandla. Kuyisikisa izitulo ngamatye. Kwakhona wasinda ixesha lethu Cintron kwisigaba-ezimbini apse. Kwiziko yayo izidumbu kwezasemazulwini iindawo, kwaye phezu kodonga ngaphezu kwayo oqingqiweyo niche bekujongiwe altarpiece. Kuku lokudubula cross kunqunyulwa apha. Njengoko ngokuba esekelwe yamandulo baye basinda kumfanekiso kuhlala kuphela etroneni uMsindisi.

indlwana yamandulo ephantsi elincane kwicala lasekunene ibandla. Sinikezelwa kumpostile A. Andrew. Nesibingelelo ecaweni ezahlulwe sisithuba udonga iliwa ukusuka lonke. Ulwahlulo phakathi kwakukho oyiNgcwele Doors. windows ezimbini ezincinane nabo. Phantsi window ekhohlo, nesibingelelo, isibingelelo yayisakhiwa niche ngaphantsi. Kufuphi kwesihlalo ekunene window yayakhiwe ukuba umbingeleli, eyenziwe ngamatye. Kwakhona, isibingelelo ke itrone ilitye, nto leyo ezikufutshane eludongeni mpuma.

Ukufunyanwa izakhiwo yamandulo, ukuvulwa Church of St. Martinian

Ekuhambeni sokubuyiselwa bafunyanwa kunye nezinye iitempile yamandulo, kwakunye namagumbi eluncedo. Noko ke, zagutyungelwa okanye ivaliwe iindonga, ngoko wahlala unexplored. Second e Inkerman woonongendi sungula ku eSt wavula. emqolombeni ibandla Martinian. It is a itempile ebuxande legqunyiwe amajukujuku (semi-setyhula).

I ngakumbi bayahlelwa weemonki

Kwiminyaka emibini emva kokufunyanwa woonongendi waphula le iCrimea War. izimpi yenzeka kwi River Black. Calamita, apho amajoni Russian, ukuba bavele ngogonyamelo. Ipropati British baphanga besive woonongendi. Ukuphela kwemfazwe, lendela kwakhona kuhlala Kin. Bakha ibandla indlu (zintathu Ongcwele) kunye nekhaya ngaphambi. Ithe Waqhuba nokubuyiselwa umthombo zonxibelelwano. Clement. Kungekudala emva koko, kwakhiwa hotele abalambele. Imbeko usindiso ngokungummangaliso umlawuli yentsapho, izinto ezo ezenzeka kufutshane nesikhululo. Borki train engozini 1888, ngo-1895 ibandla elitsha elimiswe woonongendi. Kuye lunikezelwa inyanga Panteleimon. Le peculiarity le tempile kuxhomekeke kwinto yokuba ingcwele wakhe oqingqiweyo kulo iliwa, kwaye abanye, umhlaba esekwe yokubhala lamaByzantine.

Imbali woonongendi kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini

In woonongendi ngo-1905, oko wadalwa iitempile ezimbalwa kakhulu. Omnye kubo ibekwe kwinxalenye esempuma eweni, kwisayithi ye-Church of St. Evgrafov olwalukho kumaXesha Aphakathi. Waye abazinikele e imbeko St. DM. ETesalonika. Kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini, ukungcwatywa eyenzeka UDemetriyo etempileni. Nazi 3 engcwabeni, elalixholwe kufuphi etempileni, ukuba kumgangatho kumqolomba encinane. Ngelo xesha, ukwakhiwa ibandla Nikolaya Chudotvortsa yagqitywa thafa eliphezulu. Yena zezihlalo ezimbini, ifomu - Phillips.

History of Sophia Church

Phambi Alexei Mikhailovich (Grand Duke), kwakunye namalungu kweMfazwe iCrimea September 27, 1905 yamiselwa i icon icawa "Joy of All Ngubani Usizi". It is eyakhelwe kwi indawo apho kumaxesha amandulo kwakukho Sofia ibandla, zaba nemikrolo waya engxondorheni, phezu kodonga lasekhohlo lomlambo. Black. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ngenkulungwane XIV apha unxibelelwano loonongendi. Sofia. Kuyabonakala ukuba, waba yindoda esisityebi kunene, ekubeni wema ngaphandle iintlafuno zakhe phakathi kwezinye kuyilo kunye nobukhulu. Xa AmaKristu eshiya eCrimea, woonongendi yayekwa bangahoyekanga. ST. Sofia - ingeminye kumqolomba etempileni eCrimea. Iquka lwesakhiwo flat. Icawe ngokumila limise. Inxalenye udonga wayo ngasentla, kwakunye ingcwele kumaxesha amandulo hit. Umgangatho kwetempile izinto emangcwabeni. Kukho umngcelele ukusuka ibandla ecaweni, ukuya kumgangatho apho kukho amangcwaba ezimbini kunye iintsalela mibhalo zamaGrike.

Ulwakhiwo Wena mboni, imingcelele

Xa emiqolombeni woonongendi phambi iCrimea kweMfazwe aba lowu umgubo. Ekupheleni ekulweni owayesakuba ligosa non-ethunywe kuhlala kufuphi kumwonyo enkwalini. Lo mntu abayinyamekelayo engcwabeni abaninzi. Ngenxa kuye, walungelelanisa nokuqokelelwa kwemali, kwaye ngo-1885 yakha indlwana phezu engcwabeni. Ithe abahlala Inkerman St. Clement Cave Monastery, qho ngonyaka ngo-Oktobha 24 waya kwigumbi kumngcelele. Bazenza inkonzo yomngcwabo abo baye babulawa ngenxa yokholo kunye nokumkani. Xa liphulo Alexei Mikhailovich Sophia icawa kwabuyiselwa 1903. Kulo lonke ilizwe baqokelela imali ngenxa yoko. Intlungu ngaphakathi etempileni, leyo yakhiwa ngeli xesha, iinxalenye umfanekiso igcinwe, leyo inxaxheba kule mpi kwi River Black.

Ukwakhiwa izakhiwo ezitsha, ukuvalwa woonongendi kunye nokuvuselelwa yayo

I Inkerman isigodlo ngo-1910, kwakhiwa izakhiwo 2 zokuhlala eyenzelwe abazalwana, kwaye likwanezindlu kwiCawa Annunciation. Ukongeza, isikolo kukuliphi samiselwa weemonki. Ngo-1917, Inkerman Cave Monastery kwakuhlala iimonki 122 kunye monki 25. Ngexesha leMfazwe Civil woonongendi inkxaso-mkhosi Wrangel. Emva kokuba isibhengezo amandla Soviet kwakukho phantsi kwesizwe zonke yoonongendi ilizwe iCrimea. Inkerman umqolomba isigodlo ngo-1926, ekugqibeleni yavalwa. Ngowe-1927 batshabalalisa ecaweni kwingcwaba amajoni bafayo Idabi Inkerman, yaye ngowe-1932 - ST. Nicholas, ophezu encotsheni lehewu.

Ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II ngomhla isiza woonongendi kwekomkhulu Division Maritime. NgoJuni 1942, amajoni ayo wazama ukuba zibambe amaJamani, abo babezimisele Sevastopol. Ngowe-1991, eSt Clement Inkerman umqolomba weemonki baqalisa ukuvuselela. izindlu kwabathile kunye neecawa babuyiselwa.

Inkerman Cave Monastery: ukuba indlela

It linokufikeleleka ngololiwe ukusuka Sevastopol ukuya OP 1531 km. Fumana ukuya Balaclava of woonongendi kuba ngeteksi okanye ibhasi №31. Enye indlela - sebenzisa naliphi amabanga ibhasi, nto leyo ifanele ibe ukuyeka "Vtormet" ecanda Inkerman. Ukuba uhamba ngemoto, kufutshane umnqamlezo ilitye elimhlophe (uza kuyibona ecaleni kwendlela kolona isixeko) kufuneka babuyele woonongendi. Inkerman St. Clement Friary unawo uququzelelo zilandelayo: N 44 39.873, E 34 16.160.