Pushkin Indlu Museum (Moika, 12)

Imbali ubomi nokufa imbongi enkulu Russian Wayesoloko enomdla abalandeli zakhe ezininzi. Yenza ubungqondi i icon, okanye ukuba bambona njengomntu - sazikhethela ngamnye kuthi. Kuba udidi okwesibini, kukho i Pushkin Museum eSt Petersburg.

izindlu Last

indlu okanye indlu e St. Petersburg, Pushkin wayengekho. Nandawo kwi Moika eweni, 12, kufuphi ibhulorho nezitali, ephethwe yi-Prince Volkonsky - ukuba imbongi ndathabatha amagumbi-11, nto leyo saya nosapho lwakhe ngoSeptemba 1836.

Le sokuhlala nokuzimela yokugqibela imbongi: waphila apha iinyanga ezintlanu kuphela. Ezindongeni zendlu, apho ngoku Pushkin Iflede eniyisebenzisa Museum (Moika, 12), abakubonileyo umdlalo ebuhlungu leyo eyakhokelela ekufeni wembongi enkulu Russian. Olimele kabi e Kungquzulwano, wafa apha nge -10 Februwari 1837, ngokuyala umkakhe bakhe basigcine isijwili iminyaka emibini uze atshate umntu onesidima.

Ngokutsho ezingqinisweni ezininzi, nomsindo xa umfazi wakhe imbongi akazange ukubamba: yena wayesoloko nokuthantamisa kunye naye, yena usoloko wafuna ukukhusela. Yena touchingly wanyamekela umyeni wakhe de iiyure zokugqibela zobomi bakhe. Igagasi intiyo olugwebayo, watsho ibhinqa eliselula emva kokufa wembongi, kwaba ngenkankulu ukuba kusifanele.

indlela ende lolondolozo lwembali

Iziganeko zale nyanga zokugqibela zobomi kwaye uzinikele kwinkcazelo, apho indlela kakhulu anameva. Inyaniso yokuba ngenye imini uya kuvulwa kule dilesi ilandelayo: Sink, indawo yokuhlala-12 Pushkin Museum, ngaloo mihla kungekho mntu waziyo. Ngoko nangoko emva kokufa yezinto ezininzi kangaka zinikelwe kubahlobo bakhe kunye nosapho, yaye intsapho yakowabo yafudukela a Manor yesikhumba.

Le zemizi Volkonskiis wangena abahlala ezintsha. Emva 1900 kwathiwa iguqulelwa indlu yokuhlala (indawo inani elikhulu iindwendwe), kwaye emva kokuba revolution ka-1917, oko indawo zoluntu. izinto zasekhaya abaninzi kunye nempahla zaye nobutyobo yalahleka.

Imigudu kudala ndizama amalungiselelo Pushkin Museum. Ukucwila, 12 - idilesi, leyo ilungele oku. Ngenkulungwane yokuqala amabini, Pushkin House samiselwa Imperial Academy of Sciences, apho kwanikezwa mission ukuqokelela izinto ezenziwe saa. abasebenzi balo zikwazi ukuthenga ukusuka umzukulwana kwelayibhrari imbongi (3,700 imiqulu) - ngoku zimelwe kule myuziyam. Sasiqhuba thethwano kunye Paris fan of Pushkin (njengokuba besinokutsho namhlanje, a fan). Wahlanganisa kwigumbi lakhe yingqokelela umxhelo ezithile, nemityikityo, eni wembongi kunye nentsapho yakhe. Ezi zinto ziye baqalisa ukubuyela ekhaya kuphela emva kokufa mqokeleli kaThixo, ngo-1925.

ingqolowa ngenxa yamabele

Abasebenzi Museum - abalandeli bokwenene weshishini. Konke oko kuyenzeka ukufumana iimali ezahlukahlukeneyo, sele iqokelelwe ngononophelo. Ubungqina uyasinda kunye namaxwebhu ngokumisela indlu apho Pushkin Museum (Moika, 12), wambuyisela kangangoko kunokwenzeka phantsi kweemeko zale mihla.

Ezinye izinto ngokwenene zombini. Xa ilokhari kumi carafe zeglasi isardiyo, apho imbongi waqhubeka ekuthanda Madeira, kwaye ezayo itreyi - izidumbu amacephe yesilivere usapho kunye ukhamba. Ngaphaya iglasi ungabona ihempe abancinane, wabhaptizwa, unyana ka wembongi, kunye isiqwengana ngelaphu, leyo zagutyungelwa ngeendonga (lodonga ngaloo mihla kwenziwa).

Ekubeni uthando eyodwa wadlala isifundo kunye nethala wembongi. Apha limele iincwadi ezingaphezu kwama-4 amawaka, Wawuhlanganisela yena, ngokunjalo omnye elinesibini amawaka iincwadi ngeelwimi ezili-17.

Gcina kunye nokubhala idesika Pushkin, ozithandayo "uVoltaire" kwisitulo sakhe entofontofo emnyama epinki, isiqu kunye ikrele, a abahlobo isipho. Omnye umboniso, nto leyo uyazingca i Pushkin Museum (St. Petersburg, Moika, 12), - imbongi inkwell oyithandayo zinokuhonjiswa arapchonka nani neebhulukhwe zegolide kunye yokothula. Alexander ngokwakhe uyazingca imvelaphi yakhe, abazange baphoswe ithuba ukugxininisa iimpawu uphawu ukuba ingaphandle, ngoko ke trinket uyandithanda.

ipeni lokwenene, nto leyo ke kubanjelwa izandla, ibekwe kwibhokisi etywiniweyo kunye iqweqwe ngaphaya. Kuyabonakala ukuba, nentolongo i "umlingo" zokubhala kwakukho ukubenza ezininzi.

A kwisifundo yoMlawuli

Kukho e-ofisini kunye iintonga ezimbalwa apho Pushkin waya ngaphesheya ibhulorho wezinto zakomkhulu wasentla. Phakathi kwabo - ekuthanda, eyenziwe ngoqalo, kunye iqhosha endaweni Peter I iinqanam. Ngokwahlukileyo koko imbongi yathi kwizikolo Soviet, bekungenjalo kakhulu ukulwa nxamnye tsarism. Kwaye ke mlawuli benze inkohlakalo ngokuncamisileyo - ukuya abalawuli Soviet , waba kunene kude.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba Pushkin, ngoxa lokufa kwakhe, wabuza Nicholas I uxolo ezimbini zokucwangcisa, kwaye wafumana onobabalo impendulo sinyanzelo ukuba ashiye imbongi usapho olityelweyo. Inqaku ugcina phakathi imiboniso yayo Pushkin Museum. Ukucwila, 12 - idilesi yokugqibela wembongi, kangangokuba leta endaweni.

isithembiso sakhe, ngasendleleni, umlawuli igcinwe, ngaloo isishiya ingasetyenziswa kwithuba elilkunyeelayo lokuba ngamarhe wathandana lwakhe Natalia Nikolaevna (ngubani lo mfazi phakade wakhulelwa kuphela, kodwa hayi ebotshiwe). Kuyabonakala ukuba, ilungelo Monica mellow, esithi abantu ukuxolela ingqondo umntu, nkqu italente, kodwa hayi ubuhle.

Kwinkcazelo museum

Phakathi avuleke ezilulutho kakhulu eni bakhe nobomi imbongi kunye bexesha lakhe, ayiqabe abaculi abaziwayo Russian. ukukhathalelwa komntwana ngamnye, imizobo of ngabapeyinti odumileyo - Aivazovsky, Repin, Myasoedova kunye nabanye lunikezelwa kumxholo Pushkin ..

Ngoku Pushkin Museum (Moika, 12) iqulathe amagumbi 9. Apha ngezantsi, ngomhla kumgangatho osezantsi, amagumbi amabini abazinikele yokuvulwa umboniso sisikhumbuzo - isikhokelo wazisa iindwendwe kwiinyanga zokugqibela zobomi imbongi bakhe, kunye yezinto bamsa River Black. Apha ungabona ileta yokuqala engaziwa exhaphazayo leyo Pushkin (kwaye iqwalasela umthumileyo dantes), eni imizuzwana, tsalela Ngokomzekelo (neemeko umdlalo, owona), kwakunye iperi pistols dueling.

Kwinkcazelo myuziyam yakhiwe ubhalo: umdlalo lisaqhuba iholo kwiholo kwaye iphela kwigumbi ezifanayo elincinane, wema apho ebhokisini, umzimba wembongi ungasekhoyo. safika apha kuthi ndlela-ntle kuye abalandeli ezininzi, kukho kwakhona isigqumathelo lokufa, locket kunye ngesihlwitha sentloko wembongi. Ezo isicelo engaqhelekanga wavakalisa Turgenev - Museum (Moika, 12) ubonisa inqaku lakhe, njengoko apho iinwele anqunyulwa ngosuku lwesibini emva kokufa imbongi ukuba valet yakhe, ngaloo ndlela wathola igolide. Ngokuchasene malungana eludongeni, emva iglasi, uyakwazi ukubona ingubo yangaphantsi, simele ezimhlophe, kuloo ihlumelo Alexander.

Isizathu sokuba ezimbini zokucwangcisa

Ndimele nditsho ukuthi lonke ibali ezimbini zokucwangcisa, ayikho simple and wesakhiwo, njengoko kuchaziwe yi abafundi. Indima Natalya Nikolaevna kwimbali kabuhlungu ngabanye unjalo mayingatolikwa negative, kodwa, ngokuvumelana ababephila ngexesha ezininzi iimpawu, yena umfazi cwaka, ukunganaki lingaphumi, Azitywine. Ngexesha ukuzalwa "ovuthuzayo romance" kunye dantes Goncharova kwakhona alindele ukuba nengane - kunye nokukhulelwa kwakhe waza yi akukho uthetha kamnandi.

Mhlawumbi imeko Pushkin nempembelelo imeko ehlabathini: umfazi wakhe wawanyusela phantsi omtsha we insinuations ezimdaka ukuba waziva enyanzelekile ukuba kusabela ngayo.

Iinyaniso Iinkolelo

An ngodaba engaziwa ukuba wavuka Pushkin kunye eziliqela abahlobo bakhe, apho imbongi ngokuba "cuckold", waba isizathu isigqibo sokuba ezimbini zokucwangcisa. Alexander bathi le mbhali Heeckeren oselula, kodwa imbangela yangempela ayikwazanga kusekwa unanamhla. biographers amaninzi nande umboniso.

Ezinye umtyholwa isiganeko Idalia Poletika (umzala yesibini umzala Natalia Nikolaevna). Yithini, yena waba nokulalana d'Anthes, a Pushkin obonisa wakhonza beceba njengesigqubuthelo, apho imbongi ihlawulwe ngokungekho sikweni.

Okunye "bavumelana 'ukuba iinguqulelo kwaphela bazikhohlisa Heeckeren yaba ndiyintlola langaphandle, kwaye Pushkin waqala ukuphelisa oko, ngenxa yokuba kwakufuneka yokwenza inkonzo mfihlakalo.

uthemba professionals

Ukuva inguqulelo ecacileyo ngesiganeko ukusuka imilebe leengcali, kufuneka uye kule dilesi: Moika 12. Iapatmenti Pushkin yaba indawo yakhe yokugqibela yokuphumla, kuninzi ukuxelela umntu lowo ukulungele ukuba ukubukela bamamele. Isikhokelo ngendlela museum ufanelwe ludumo. Iyodwa, oko kukuthi, ukhenketho kakhulu incinci kangaka kukulawula wakhonza.

Ngenxa yoko, kalukhuni enye, nto leyo yasekwa Pushkin Museum (Moika, 12), imiboniso photo, apho ibekwe kwigumbi elingaphantsi, awukwazi ukubona kwimithombo emininzi online - apha kufota akuvumelekanga. Ngamanye amagumbi usebenzisa ikhamera okanye ikhamera uvumelekile, kuya kufuneka ukuba uhlawule imali encinane ukuba kwezi ntsuku.

Museum isebenza imihla ukusuka kwisiqingatha ezidlulileyo ezilishumi kusasa kwada yesithandathu ngokuhlwa, ngaphandle - ngoLwesibini. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba i-ofisi itikiti ivulwa kude 17:00, emveni koku ixesha ngaphakathi akasekho, ngoko ukuplana ngcono kusasa a phulo.