Plasmodium falciparum - umthombo sifo singanyangekiyo

Enye ukusuka ukugula kakhulu kunene, nayo leyo okubeka ubhubhane - oko imalariya. elikhulu Kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, yena uthatha ubomi bamawaka abantu bakuthi - an unyango olusebenzayo lwemalariya yayingekabikho. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha yiSoviet seengcongconi kwaziswa phantsi kolawulo kunye kunganciphisa kwi meko, leyo ngoko nangoko ngaphantsi ingqalelo yeengcali zempilo.

Plasmodium falciparum, nto leyo ke arhente causative esi sifo kukuba lweentlobo ezininzi. Bonke bephela zihlelwa ngokuba "gazi." Xa umzimba womntu parasitize amagciwane ngosuku-ezintathu yeentsuku ezine, kwakunye seengcongconi yimvula. Njengoko uhlobo angawodwa pathogen ovalemalyarii, nto leyo ifumaneka Central Afrika. Zonke ezi ntlobo babe umjikelo wobomi efanayo, isakhiwo efanayo, kuphela ezinye iinkcukacha zahlukile.

Le Isidleli nemalariya ophezulu ukusuka iingcongconi ezosulela umntu nge ukulunywa. Le lwegciwane iingcongconi namathe iphantsi sporozoite. Kunye ne-Plasmodium ukuhamba kwegazi falciparum engena ijwabu kwesibindi, apho ezibalulekileyo kwisigaba ubomi sisidleleli - schizogony. Xa abantu, eli xesha ingqamana kunye nophuhliso Plasmodium okuthatha kwesi sifo. Xa kwesibindi, le sporozoites of schizonts ukuphuhlisa - ziyakhula ngobukhulu ngokubonakalayo uwahlule ube amawaka ziiseli intombi. Ngoko iiseli isibindi abosulelekileyo zitshatyalalisiwe, enika iimpawu ezithile. Emva nezinambuzane step schizogony ibekwe igazi, apho inyathelo kunabela kwinqanaba iiseli - schizogony erythrocytic. Ngaloo ndlela i-Plasmodium falciparum sitsala haemoglobin (icandelo nezo globin wayo), kwaye iqhubeka ukuzala maqanda. Le umjikelo kungaba waphinda egazini izihlandlo eziliqela. Oku kusoloko kusenzeka yonke emithathu - kweentsuku ezine, ebonisa ukuba ekukhuleni yintlama entsha Plasmodium. Gems, leyo ihleli phezu haemoglobin ngokwayo iyityhefu eyomeleleyo. Xa Ungqabhuko legazi elibomvu kwaye isifo seengcongconi egazini uyaphuma, iphuma nayo ngemigca simahla. Ngeli xesha, abantu inkxaso amaphelo uziva maxa fever nemalariya. Uphawu kunawo - fever. Kweli nqanaba, ngokokuqhelekileyo ukusuka isigulana abantu abasuleleke ingcongconi, kwaye ngokwayo uba inaso esi sifo. Le isifo seengcongconi bezingekavuthwa kungena isisu yingcongconi, siye savuthwa, ngokutyalwa yaye yaqaliswa phantsi epithelium esiswini. Apha ukunyuka elilodwa kwaye sisasazeke. Ekupheleni komjikelo na yaphulwe, kwaye igazi kusiwa onke amalungu kunye namalaphu. oluhlala Uninzi ngamathe, apho iingcongconi kunye yosulela ixhoba omtsha - umntu. Ngoko ke, kucacile ukuba umntu - nje umkhosi eliphakathi for Plasmodium kuba ukuvelisa kuthatha indawo nje le ingcongconi, nto leyo umkhosi esichazayo.

Xa abantu, isifo seengcongconi ibonakalisiwe lobushushu eliphezulu kwaye ukubila lweenkcukacha. Fever ithatha iiyure ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo, isigulana na unxaniwe, eziva fever, ezibuhlungu izihlunu. Fever yingozi izalathi-lobushushu eliphezulu - degrees enye ukuya amane (a Imihlubulo protein ukufa kwenzeka xa engamashumi amane anambini emzimbeni womntu). Lo impendulo komzimba kokukhutshwa ubuthi ngenxa yomsebenzi ebalulekileyo Plasmodium kunye nokukhululwa heme. Ngokuphathelele ngomjikelo ngamnye weentsuku ezintathu-of-Plasmodium lobushushu ezine kwakhona imigqomo ngokuvumelana nexesha. Ukuba kukho iyaphindwa boyisiwe, iqondo eliphezulu igcinwa rhoqo - oku linqanam kakhulu yingozi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umzimba uqalisa ukuba ukhuphe izilwa ngokukhawuleza.

Le seengcongconi yimvula kakhulu yingozi kubahlali amazwekazi non-Afrika - kuba nzima kakhulu ukuba lingayinyamezeli sifo ngenxa yokungabikho mechanism ukumelana ukuba Afrika kuqinisekisiwe kakuhle.

Ukwenzela ukuphepha yokosulelwa seengcongconi, kuphephe iluma zeengcongconi, musa ukuba iindawo kufuphi ezimanzi, imigxobhozo, amachibi ehlathini, ukuthatha mechanical (iminatha) kunye imveliso yemichiza (izithambiso, isipreyi), anti-iingcongconi.