Opera Dzhuzeppe Verdi esithi: kuluhlu. Isishwankathelo the opera uthandwayo Verdi

Ubani owayeze ezazi kancinane umculo weklasiki, bazi ukuba igama Verdi. Opera (uluhlu kubo eza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku), umqambi enkulu Italian ukuya kwi amanqanaba zinkundla ehlabathini lonke. Verdi ibizwe Italian Tchaikovsky.

Cinga art le mvumi xa iinkcukacha ngakumbi.

umqambi ulutsha

Verdi wazalelwa kwilali encinane Italian ngo-1813, kodwa ke ngelo xesha kubhekwe yinxalenye yommandla France. Abazali bakhe baba amahlwempu, ngoko ke wawungenako ukuvumela unyana wakhe ukufunda kakhulu umculo, kodwa bakholwa ukuba Giuseppe nangoku kuphumelela.

Esakhula, inkwenkwe waya kulwa ukuba ilungelo afundiswe yimvumi, kodwa amaxesha amaninzi kulo yena kulindeleke ukusilela: umzekelo, akazange kwamkelwa phakathi abafundi Milan Conservatory (ngoku elibizwa igama le umqambi enkulu).

Verdi nethamsanqa: wafumana sinoMthetheleli emntwini yomrhwebi Antonio Baretstsi. Antonio wabuza le mvumi mfana waba ngumfundisi intombi yakhe Marguerite. Abantu abatsha wamthanda kunye nabo batshata. Noko ke, bayahlelwa umtshato wabo waba buhlungu: uMargaret wazala abantwana ababini wafa ezelwe, yaye kungekudala emva kokuba efile.

Ngeli xesha, umqambi oselula ukusebenza opera lwakhe lokuqala.

I opera lokuqala

Milan kaThixo La Scala opera Umqambi wabanikela yokuqala, leyo kuthiwa "Oberto, Count Bonifacio." Mvelo sele sivunyiwe yi abagxeki kunye noluntu. Yemidlalo liye langena kwimvumelwano kunye umqambi ukubhala opera ezimbini ngaphezulu. opera Verdi ebhaliweyo ngulo contract, ebizwa ngokuba 'nguKumkani ukuba Day "yaye" Nabucco ". Eyokuqala yenziwa kubanda ngokwaneleyo, nto leyo eyabangela Verdi isifo uxinezeleko, kodwa yesibini (iphambili yalo kwenzeka ngo-1842), kwelinye icala, kukwamkelwa kwakhona ngentswahla elikhulu.

Ekubeni show kuqala kwi nqanaba laqalisa kumngcelele woloyiso yale opera Verdi ehlabathini lonke. Wabekwa amaxesha malunga 65 malunga neendawo yeqonga ezahlukeneyo, okunyusileyo umqambi young udumo lokwenene kunye nobutyebi.

Ukulandela umsebenzi wokudala

Verdi wakhawuleza ukuqala ukudala opera ezintsha. Baba opera "I Lombardi kwi yenkolo" (kamva uqambe ngumbhali "iYerusalem") kunye opera "Ernani".

"IYerusalem", kuqala kubonisiwe-1847, kwaye iye zithanda. Emva kwezi imisebenzi ezimbini zokuvuma opera Verdi baba ezithandwayo lonke ihlabathi, yaye umqambi ngokwakhe na, nokuthi waphupha yonke esengumntwana nzima neni: ukukwazi ukubhala umculo siyohlala noluntu.

yobuciko opera

Ukuthandwa imisebenzi Verdi (Opera, uluhlu apho bonke wakhulela) wamsa imbeko nobutyebi. Xa ndandineminyaka engama-30 ukuya uthando lwakhe yabuya. ukhetho yakhe imvumi Giuseppina Strepponi. Verdi wagqiba ekubeni umhlala-phantsi, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba iye yabhalwa yaza ifilimu Opera, okunyusileyo kuye udumo ehlabathini lonke.

Le opera ngokuba "Rigoletto." Uhlela abethatyathwe umbhali odumileyo French Victor Hugo.

Ezinye imisebenzi iinkosi yaba umsebenzi wayisa kuye impumelelo enkulu. Yayibizwa ngokuba "La Traviata" waza wadala ngokusekelwe imisebenzi Alexandre Dumas.

Le opera alandelayo baba kancane, kodwa uluntu ubavelele nomdla njengoko igama Verdi wayesele yomlomo wonke. Isebenza ezifana "orange Isidlo", "Troubadour", "ezigqunyiweyo Ball".

Verdi (uluhlu lwezi mveliso esikhulu kakhulu) ndabhala uthunywe zemidlalo Russian. Ngenxa yoko, i-opera "I Force weSihlo", oko yaqala ngo-1862, kwabhalwa ngenxa Imperial Theatre, ibekwe eSt Petersburg.

Opera kwembali yaseYiputa Shakespeare

Kwiminyaka bakhe kamva Verdi ayikho nje umqambi odumileyo, ogama kwenza ikhefu off iimvumi aphambili ehlabathini, kodwa waqonda ubungqondi umculo.

Lowo kudala izenzo kuseyinto zakudala nanto. La mazwi ingabalelwa eziliqela imisebenzi yakhe kamva - opera "Aida" yadlalwa e Cairo ngo-1871 (i-opera kubhaliweyo imbeko yokuvulwa kwe Suez Canal) kunye opera "Othello" (1887).

Dzhuzeppe Verdi opera, uluhlu endababalwa ngentla, wabetha ababephila amandla inkanuko, nothando nokholo amathuba yabantu. Le ndalo ndithi amaqhawe banikwa njani nzima ilungelo kulonwabo ezibuhlungu ngokufuthi kangakanani iimeko kwanyanzeleka ukuba kuphulukana yonke into sasaziswa kanye.

Umsebenzi lokugqibela umqambi

Phakathi imisebenzi yokugqibela ncam ekunokuthiwa opera "Falstaff" ngo-1893, okudalwe umdlalo kaShakespeare. kweminyaka 8 emva iphambili yalo Verdi wafa eneminyaka eli ihloniphekile ye-stroke iyonke. Yena wangcwatyelwa Milan iimbeko ezininzi. abafundi abagqibe eziliqela baqala amanqaku zabo opera.

Umxholo we opera Verdi bakaThixo basoloko akhumbule nababukeli. Umqambi wazama ukuba ukhethe ezo zifundo ukuba ukususela ntetho ngcaciso yokuqala itsale ingqalelo yaye luphembelela ukwazi yoluntu.

A ibikukujonga nje ngokufutshane ezi izigcawu opera.

Verdi: A Uluhlu esekelwe kwimisebenzi yoncwadi kunye ibali labo

Cinga amabali imisebenzi ithandwayo umqambi.

• Opera "Nabucco" - ubalisa ngeziganeko yebhayibhile: indlela ukumkani waseBhabheli ke amaYuda ababanjiweyo bakhe.
• Opera "Ernani" yabhalwa ngokusekelwe imisebenzi Victor Hugo. Kuyo ngendlela yothando ukubalisa ibali uthando njengesela.
• Opera "Joan of Arc" wadalwa esekelwe play ngu Schiller "Le Ntombi of Orleans." Ingaba umsebenzi omncinane-ezaziwa yi Verdi (Opera, uluhlu apho sicinga ziquka yonke 26 imisebenzi umqambi).
• Opera "Macbeth" nayo olubhaliweyo lusekelwe umsebenzi wokubhala. Kulo mzekelo, umsebenzi kaShakespeare Macbeth isibini sagqiba kulwaphulo bamagazi yoyikekayo ngenxa igunya nobutyebi.
• Opera "Rigoletto" ubalisa ibali lobomi kabuhlungu le jester endala ezimbi luKhuphiswano lweTshawe neTshawekazi, eyathi inkosi yakhe wenze a joke embi kakhulu.
• Opera "La Traviata" lidlulisela ibali "La Dame aux Camelias" yi Alexandre Dumas. Wobuciko ubalisa ibali womfazi uwe.
• Opera "Aida" - enye misebenzi yamandla umqambi. Uxela uthando phakathi inkosazana entle elingumTiyopiya kunye mkhosi likaFaro kaRamses.
• "Othello" adlulisele sebali homonymous Shakespeare.

Verdi (uluhlu nokubhalwe kule misebenzi sele eboniswe ngasentla) nangoku umgangatho umculo. kudlula iinkulungwane. Noko ke, njengoko imisebenzi ncam babethandwa, zithandwa kakhulu kwaye nangoku. Izazinzulu olusafundayo indlela ekhethekileyo umqambi. Kodwa ababukeli eziqhelekileyo kumane umculo Verdi.

imikhosi babebaninzi imisebenzi yabo Verdi. Opera, uluhlu esifunde ngazo kweli nqaku, kuba ngokwenene le womculo.