Nawokufundela Initial eRashiya

Kuluntu, imfundo ibisoloko ingqalelo luphawu imfundo kunye kwinqanaba ngokwasengqondweni. Ngale ndlela, imfundo ephakamileyo elide idwelisiwe yaye abafundi bezikolo zasesekondari bakholisa ukuba bangene kwiiyunivesithi zindala kunye namaziko kwi okukhethekile kusefashonini, elingumthombo, akukho abasebenzi ngokwaneleyo abanezakhono kakhulu. Ngexesha uqeqesho lwabo idibana imfundo esisiseko vocational, ngoku uzama ukuphila kunye namaxesha. Oku kuya kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku.

Le nkqubo yamaziko emfundo sokufundela

Amaziko emfundo belubandakanyekile kokubini ekuqeqesheni abafundi zahlulwe kumanqanaba amathathu. Eli lokuqala (PTU), eliphakathi (technical) kunye eliphezulu (Universities). Izikolo zasesekondari yezandla (kwizikolo ezizisekondari yezandla) yeyona manyano yamaziko kumanqanaba zamabanga aphantsi vocational. Ukuya kutsho kwisikhundla lokuqala gou NGOs kunye nee-LEU - amaziko ngokulandelelana, karhulumente nawabucala zemfundo kwimfundo yaseprayimari yobugcisa. Ngexesha amaxesha Soviet, imfundo sokuqala nawokufundela yanika PTU (igama labo ngokupheleleyo umsindo kangaka: izikolo avareji yedolophu yobungcali yobugcisa, okanye SGPTU). Modern Russia sele ulinike igama kuzo kwizikolo eziphakamileyo yobugcisa.

Isethi isekelwe phezu amabakala yesithoba elinanye. Yokwamkelwa kwabafundi kufuneka ukuba angenise isicelo uye ngokhuphiswano. Njengoko umthetho, ukumiselwa NGOs zithandwa phakathi kwabafundi abahlala ezinomzali omnye kunye iintsapho ezingasebenzi kakuhle, ngenxa yoqeqesho lokuqala zoqeqeshelo - lithuba enkulu ukufunda wobugcisa, yaye ukuze ufumane isiqinisekiso esekondari.

elithile Popular kumaziko oqeqesho yobugcisa

Kwi kwimalike yabasebenzi kukho ukunqongophala nokoyika aqeqeshiwe ukusebenza kwicandelo kwimveliso. Oku kungenxa yokuba abafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo ukufumana umsebenzi umsebenzi hayi zindala kwaye sityhole umgangatho umvuzo kule ndawo. Amaziko ukubonelela ngemfundo esisiseko vocational, lungiselela abafundi kakuhle elirhangqiweyo abo benza ekufundeni iinkosi zokwenene kunye nootitshala njalo ukuthatha unonophelo yokuphucula izakhono zabo. iinkqubo zoqeqesho Modern kwizikolo yezandla kufutshane zasesekondari yobugcisa imfundo. Ixesha le khosi ixhomekeke umfundi. Kwimeko yokuba imfundo professional zokuqala zisekelwe kwiminyaka 9 esikolweni, ubude uqeqesho iminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu. Izidanga kwizikolo idiploma kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo (emva grade 11) ababhalise kwizikolo yezandla ukususela kunyaka-1 ukuya kwiminyaka emi-2. Kwizikolo eziphakamileyo yezandla zifundisa ezimbini iintlobo zoqeqesho: emini nangokuhlwa.

Uluhlu amakhono, ezo amaziko NGO uzilungiselele zehla kakhulu ukususela kumaxesha Soviet (eziliwaka elinamakhulu amane), kwaye iye ngokutsha. Ngoku amalungiselelo bayahamba oluhlangeneyo kwimisebenzi lalingamakhulu amabini anamanci asibhozo. Ethandwa kakhulu uvumo kushishino wenkonzo, amandla, ezothutho kunye norhwebo. Brand new, wafuna-emva imibutho ezobuchwepheshe ukubhala kwezenkolo, oonontlalontle, abayili, nabaququzeleli amashishini amancinci. Konke oku kwandisa ukhuphiswano izidanga ze ubavumele ukuba bafumane umsebenzi liqinisekisiwe. Iqela imisebenzi enxulumene lokuvelisa kunye nokwakhiwa kwehla.

Nanamhla oku, imfundo yobugcisa yokuqala eRashiya bobabo izikolo zasesekondari, ngoxa amazwe enxulumene nayo ukuya oluphezulu. Kwangaxeshanye, ukumiselwa neeNGOs enye inxalenye ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yemfundo, ukulungiselela abasebenzi abanezakhono eziphezulu ukusuka kwicandelo inkonzo kunye nemveliso mveliso.