Nangembabala Umlilo emibhaka: unyango. Izifo eliphakathi

Kwe - le yenye yezona ethandwa imithi yomyezo, nto leyo uxatyiswa kakhulu begadi ngenxa iziqhamo okumnandi yaye isempilweni. Nangona kunjalo, oku sisityalo ezinjalo, njengabo bonke abanye, kuxhomekeke iintlobo ngeentlobo izifo. Enye loyikekayo ke imbabala of emibhaka. Unyango yolulwe ngokwaneleyo ungalinikeli japan efanelekileyo, ingakumbi xa usebenzisa iyeza jikelele nxamnye kwezifo. bazo badla ulahlekelwe ixesha elininzi kwezi izakhi engento, kwaye xa besakuqonda ukuba benza ntoni, gcina umthi sele kakhulu emva kwexesha.

Yintoni imbabala umlilo

begadi abaninzi abazi ukuba baqaphele indlela esi sifo esibi, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba esehlelwa elininzi ixesha, ukanti, kukho amathuba ukugcina umthi mbalwa. Phakathi kwezi zifo yeyona iyingozi kakhulu imbabala emlilweni emibhaka. Unyango kuxhomekeke kwindlela ngokukhawuleza uxilongo echanekileyo, kwakunye nokuba kukho kuwo kufutshane eminye imithi ukuba ube yonakaliswe. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iingcali baye benza iinzame ezininzi ukufumana indlela ephumelelayo ukujongana nayo, kodwa nangona kunjalo, esi sifo iyaqhubeka ukutshabalalisa imiyezo.

nangembabala umlilo lokuqala ibhaqwe kwinkulungwane elinesibhozo. Emva kweminyaka emalunga 150 siqhenqethile isibetho kulo lonke izwekazi. Ngoku ifumaneka kulo lonke ihlabathi, rhoqo lokusula izitiya. Zonke iindawo emhlabeni kwisityalo kuchaphazela imbabala, emlilweni emibhaka. Unyango kufuneka luqale zokuqala, kungenjalo ngempumelelo.

iimpawu

Yintoni imbabala ngomlilo? Le nkqubo iqala kwi inflorescences yaye ngokukhawuleza lugubungela umthi lonke luphela. Ukusilela kwenzeka amasetyana namahlumela. Entlakohlaza uya kuyigcina indlela sifo ehla kuvulwe amathupha, leyo kuwo, ungoma, kodwa musa iwe, kodwa qhubeka nibambelele namasebe. Xa sifo wambetha umthi ngexesha lokuntshula, iza mnyama luphele imibala. Kancinci baqale ukungcolisa i elithambileyo kunye amagqabi, ukuba size singabi nalo ixesha kunye, kodwa zihlala zisendaweni. Yiyo loo nto loo sifo kuthiwa "isemoyeni umlilo." Kwe simi njenge emnyama elinyukayo, nabomi, kodwa yonke neentyantyambo, iziqhamo kunye namagqabi.

Okulandelayo, usulelo ihambisa phantsi umphanda. Emangele yokuphatha imbabala emlilweni pere, kusenokuba sele kakhulu emva kwesi sigaba, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uzame ukugcina okuseleyo yomyezo kwezinye imithi andilivumelanga bebonke isiphelo sinye. Kweli nqanaba, uyakwazi ukubona indlela uqweqwe ukuthamba. Ufike kubonakala umbala omhlophe njengamasi, zibizwa exudate. Amaxolo malunga nokunikwa indawo iphethini hlukile, kwaye ibonisa amabala kubomvu-mdaka. Abo izihlunu eziye awalibethayo usuleleko, baqale flake, blister. Emthini kwakhiwa izilonda.

oonobangela

Ngoko ke, yintoni ebangela imbabala, emlilweni emibhaka? Unyango kuba nempumelelo kuphela xa siyazi kakuhle into sisebenzisana. Iarhente causative losulelo na iintsholongwane Erwinia amylovora. Baya kusuka isigulane ukuba umthi esempilweni, nokufuma oluphakathi kunye nobushushu zezona zinto kakhulu kuphuhliso usulelo. Ngenxa yoko akukho yobudala ukulawula ukusasazeka kwezifo.

Izifo Nangu abaselula kuhlangana akuya izifo imithi yeziqhamo endala. Le exudate ngasentla lakha imisonto ezingcakacileyo okwenziwa lula ngumoya. Yaba nguye lowo adlulisele kuye magciwane, oko kuthetha ukuba isifo ngokukhawuleza kuchaphazela yonke into. Eyona lula ukwenzela uphuhliso zokugula iintyatyambo, zaye iphuhlise kwaye liqhubeka umendo walo ngalo mthi. Oko kukuthi, emthonjeni - ixesha apho ingozi yosulelo omkhulu.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, usulelo ingena kwisityalo encediswa imvula. Le ntsholongwane asinde ubusika ngaphakathi eliphakathi, kunye ukufika kwentwasahlobo kuqaliswe lwalo lokukhawulelana nophuhliso. Ngeminyaka yoo-ehlotyeni, uya kubona imveliso njengamasi tsakisi ngaphandle. Oko kukuthi, umjikelezo kwakhona. kunqabile kakhulu, usulelo kwenzeka ngexesha no- okanye ngokusebenzisa izixhobo nokuthenwa. Usuleleko nayo sisasazwa zizinambuzane, iintwala, iinyosi, iimpukane kunye noonomeva.

ukuvimbela

Ukukhusela ibhalbhu evela nangembabala umlilo, kuyimfuneko ukuba agcine eminye imithetho. Into yokuqala ukugcina ucoceko kule ndawo, ndaxhwitha zonke izityalo zasendle. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokukodwa hawthorn, nto leyo edla yayiliziko usulelo. ixesha kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba inkqubo kwezityalo iziqhamo, njengoko izinambuzane wayeyoliswa kakhulu komthi onjalo, njenge emibhaka. Izifo amagqabi - ukuba nje ingxaki abalwenzayo. Xa ezifumaneka yayo lula wangena emyezweni kunye nangembabala nomlilo wakho kwamagciwane.

unyango

Iingcali zithi iindlela ezimbalwa ukuba unako ukusebenzisa yokulwa nesi sifo. Ngamnye kubo ivavanywe izihlandlo ezininzi yaye isebenzisa kakuhle kakhulu. Kwangaxeshanye bonke babe nobubi zabo nangobubi, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba azihlole ngenyameko ingozi kwanobo inzuzo. Sinikezela iindlela ezintathu ukunceda ukunyanga i yonakalise.

indlela olukhulu yokujongana sifo

Ukuba kwisiza lukhula ezininzi imithi yeziqhamo, ize kulahleke enye kuzo wena esibhiyozela mpawu olukhula ngokukhawuleza, kungcono ngokukhawuleza balahle loo nto. Ngoko ke ukukhusela bonke egadini. Kulo mzekelo, ukuba indawo eyonakeleyo ingaphantsi kwe-30%, ngaphandle kokuba uyakwazi okwenzayo ukususa zonke kommandla ochaphazelekayo, nokuba inyama ephilile ewisa 20-40 cm ngezantsi kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo. Emva koko, inkqubo kufuneka ukuvelisa izixhobo kufuneka kuba yi-70% utywala okanye i-10% sulfate zezobhedu.

Ndiqinisekile ukuba ndiyiphawuleyo ngemiqondiso sakho emyezweni imbabala, enze kususwe zonke izityalo zasendle kunye namatyholo, kwakunye izinambuzane emyezweni emnandi, ukuthintela usuleleko kwakhona.

Treatment kunye antibiotics

Le yeyona ndlela kakhulu, nto leyo amaninzi bacebisa ukusetyenziswa ziingcali. Ukuze bahlukane yale sibetho, wasebenzisa ixhaphakileyo "streptomycin". Ngaphezu koko, ukusetyenziswa antibiotics kweli xesha lokukhula enempumelelo kakhulu. Eli chiza zingathengwa kwi kwikhemesti oluqhelekileyo lwezilwanyana, ngeebhotile ezinkulu 500 lamawaka. Units. lula kakhulu.

"Streptomycin" zingasetyenziswa kunye sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi okungephi. Izikali - omnye ampoule seelitha ezi-5, kuya kuba ngokwaneleyo ukusingatha imithi abaselula elinesibini. Elona xesha le nkqubo - Meyi, Juni. Ngeli xesha, Namagatya ukukhula ngokukhawuleza, nokulungiswa iza kuba nokuthintela kakhulu. Phinda inkqubo kubiza kwiiveki 2-3, yaye emva kwemvula enzima ngamnye, ingakumbi isichotho.

Akuyi Kucetyiswa ukuba basebenzise i "streptomycin" izihlandlo ezingaphezu kwama-3 emgceni. Kwaye emva kokuba unyango ambalwa nokusebenzisa mziba sifo - i "fitosporin", "Immunotsitofit", "Silk", "Gold", kunye nezinye iziyobisi ezininzi. Ukongeza, omnye unyango ukuze uthathe iipilisi 2 nayiphi ekhemesti tetracycline lwezilwanyana. Kananjalo kufuneka ichithwe neelitha ezi-5 zamanzi.

Kwiimeko kakhulu, unga zama ziinaliti "aye- streptomycin" ngaphantsi amaxolo. Kuba inkoliso kummandla ochaphazelekayo mazikhethwe, lunqamle, yaza yajikela lenze inaliti zesiqhelo.

zonyango Chemical

Namhlanje, i iivenkile nga zingakunikeza Ukukhetha enkulu antimicrobials ubhetyebhetye,, leyo kakhulu ukunceda ukuba wosuleleke emibhaka. Izifo ngamagqabi, iziqhamo, iindidi izinambuzane - zonke ezi ngxaki nto ingasombululwa kakhulu lula. Noko ke, nangembabala mlilo - yinto bit ngesiganeko ekwanti.

fungicides Modern, ngaphandle ngobhedu-ngokuzala, ukuba phantse nafuthe arhente yaso causative, nto leyo ethetha ukuba olu unyango kuya kuba nesiphumo esincinci. begadi abaninzi basebenzisa Bordeaux umxube. Iqhubekekisa lwenziwa emva igqabi, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo namaxesha ngoko eziliqela de kube mzuzu wathulula off. Noko ke, le sibonelelo zingasetyenziswa ukuvimbela kuphela. Ukuba inqanaba lesi sifo eluswini, ihlala yodwa ukusika kommandla ochaphazelekayo, kwaye uzame ukugcina okuseleyo somthi. izityalo ezifileyo okanye amasebe ngamnye ukuba itshiswe.

Nezinye izifo ezifanayo

Noko ke, nangembabala nomlilo - ayikho ingxaki kuphela balimi. Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba yintoni enye kukho izifo amagqabi emibhaka ulwe nabo. isifo Common i injaduko. Kuyinto sisifo esosulela ngokudluliselwa kwentsholongwane ehlasela amagqabi, iintyatyambo kunye neziqhamo. Amagqabi awe, zonakalisa iziqhamo. Esi sifo nako kunokubangela ukoyiswa ubaleka, kodwa ke kungcono ukuba ukususa. Kukujaduka, iziqhamo ezibolileyo - isifo iziqhamo emibhaka elungileyo ngokwaneleyo ukuze ukunyanga. Ukubola ivela kwi iziqhamo ngohlobo amabala sinombala phezu komhlaba.

Ukuphelisa uqweqwe usebenzisa multiple wokutshiza i Bordeaux umxube kunye oxychloride ubhedu. Kufuneka uqale unyango phambi kokuba lokudubula kweentyatyambo. A okwesihlandlo sesibini ukwenza le nkqubo kucetyiswa ngexesha ithupha isizalo, emva lokuntshula, uze emva koko iiveki ezimbini emva koko. Against ukubola iziqhamo ifuna isixhobo esinamandla ngakumbi - fungicide jikelele "yaseInta-Latest."

Kwenye into kufuneka uthathe unonophelo imithi yeziqhamo (emibhaka)? Izifo ukuba kuyingozi kakhulu, kufuneka ukwazi ukuthatha amanyathelo ayimfuneko kwexesha. Enye isifo esibi kakhulu kuthathwa angumgubo liqhenqa. Nezihluma, amagqabi, iintyatyambo - yonke imbewu achaphazelekileyo kule sisidleleli ngundo. Iinxalenye zezityalo ntsholongwane gqitha, ukuwa-maqanda. Kulo mzekelo, ngundo enambuzelayo ngokugqibeleleyo, nkqu ebusika bumandundu.

Kuba nokuthintela kunye nokunyanga angumgubo nangexoshomba usebenzisa 'fundazol "okanye" Sulfite ". Khumbula ukuba ngundo kuthe kwaqhenqetha ngokugqibeleleyo imozulu imanzi, ngoko ke kungcono ukuba ukuchitha zonyango ezimbalwa. uncedo Good isibetho umxube antibiotics: "penicillin", "streptomycin" yaye "Terramycin" kwi umlinganiselo we-1: 1. Ngokufuthi ungabona kwi emibhaka irusi, amatshatshazi-brown ngamagqabi kunye neziqhamo. Lesi sifo kufuneka usebenzise Bordeaux isisombululo ulwelo.

main izinambuzane

Ukukhetha ngaphezu inkqubo blower, ilungileyo ukuquka umxube zombini i izinambuzane anti-sinambuzane. Kwakhona umonakalo enkulu, ukongeza, ukuba abathwali zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo virus. Le butterfly Aporia Crataegi kunye gazi elimdaka, nanundu kwimpuma kunye gazi mbobo, pere nokutsha, emibhaka sawfly kunye weevils pere, kunye nabanye abaninzi. Ukuze uzikhusele zonke ezi yamashwa, ngokwaneleyo ukuba aphathe egadini zinambuzane njenge "Decis", "Icalypso" okanye "bisque".

Ngamafuphi

Izifo ezifana nangembabala emlilweni, angumgubo nangexoshomba, iziqhamo ezibolileyo, umhlwa unako ngokukhawuleza ukuthintela wonke umsebenzi vshu egadini. unyango umbala kufuneka rhoqo wenziwe kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukuba athathe amanyathelo ukulungiselela unyango ngokukhawuleza nolusebenzayo. Zonke izixhobo kunye neendlela bavavanywa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, impumelelo yabo kufunyaniswe, ukuze akuthandabuzeki ungasebenzisa nabo wabo ehlotyeni. scheme Jikelele - unyango lokuthintela ekwindla, emva kokuwa amagqabi, ngoko ukuntshula, ngoko nangoko emva uvuka, ngoko emva kweentyatyambo. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kwanele ukumkholisa kuwe egadini unyaka wonke.