Museum Historical eMoscow - yintoni ukutyelela? Uphengululo yeemyuziyam yezembali eMoscow

Ngokwenene ilifa esixabisekileyo ukulondoloza imyuziyam zembali eMoscow. Ndayihlela yonke le exposure, akwanelanga ukuba ebomini. Ke abathile kuwo bathi, sicebisa ngamandla ukuba bazane ngakumbi. Sinikezela ukhenketho olufutshane lwembali edume kakhulu futhi kuyaphawuleka kwesihloko.

The State Historical Museum eMoscow

Uninzi baseRashiya ukucinga kakuhle ibali emithathu-red isakhiwo ngezitena kunye nophahla emhlophe, ibekwe kwi-Red Square.

The State inkulu Russian Museum Historical yasekwa ngo-Februwari 1872 ngengqibo Alexander II. Ngowe-1974, ibhunga isixeko sele yabelwe ukwakhiwa kummandla Red Square komhlaba, apho wayebekwe kwi-Epreli kunyaka omnye, kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba soMhlekazi. Nangokwakha pseudo-Russian uhlobo iziqalelo ze ezinde babedalelwe yi womzobi kunye injineli Shevrudom bake. Oku ngokulungelelanisiweyo abonela lomculo ezikhoyo le Moscow yesicelo kunye Vasiliya Blazhennogo Cathedral. imihombiso Hall Museum Historical amaciko malivakale Moscow, Vasnetsov, Korovin, Aivazovsky, Repin. waqhubeka Ukwakhiwa de-1881, yaye ngoMeyi 1883 imyuziyam wadibana abakhenkethi kuqala.

Lo mboniso Museum, eziquka phantse 5 yezigidi ne-14 lezigidi izinto kwamaxwebhu ebonisa zonke izigaba zophuhliso Russia - ukususela kumaxesha amandulo ukuya ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Ingqokelela yokuqala avuleke museum ziye zaba iCrimea War. Kumaxesha Soviet, ezinye izinto zokuhombisa sele ziphelisiwe, nemizobo mhlophe. Ngasekupheleni-imi- 80 kwinkulungwane ophelileyo yaqalisa ukubuyiselwa omkhulu ukubuyisela imbonakalo wembali apho liye kwakhona ekupheleni kuka-2003. Ngowe-2006, umsebenzi yagqitywa mboniso isigxina, nto leyo ezicwangciswe ngokulandelelanayo kwaye okwangoku ithatha amagumbi 39 kwi imigangatho ezimbini. nguva yin'wana ni yin'wana kubuyiswe egumbini lakhe, kwaye wokuqala babo - avuleke ezizalanayo kwindlela abangekaphuhli zoluntu.

kwiivenkile umdla unique abaninzi Historical Museum eMoscow. nemiboniso Tihlanganisa phantse isiqingatha senkulungwane. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• ngamazinyo bokwenene omkhulu afumaneka kwi kweenxweme Yenisei River ukusuka Irkutsk merchant Gromov ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIX waza wanikela kubo myuziyam.

• kugawulwa ilitye yagubha ukusuka ezahlukeneyo ubude oki ixolo kweemitha 7.5. Kuye kwafunyanwa kwi kweenxweme Don kufuphi Voronezh basekuhlaleni ngo-1954.

• Ikopi yokungcwaba kwindawo yokupaka iimoto Sungir phantsi Vladimir, ogama walonyaka ngaphezu kwama-25 amawaka. Iminyaka.

• BC Taman ngekhulu sarcophagus IV. Kuye kwafunyanwa ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yokugqibela kwindawo apho kukho Ndandikade kwimeko yamandulo yesiGrike Bosporus zobukumkani, leyo ahlala i Kerch kunye Taman Peninsula.

• sikhombisa lengcwaba Tashtyktsev, ukuvumela ukuba Ucinga ukuba yintoni imbonakalo abantu ababehlala kumazantsi eSiberia kwi BC ngenkulungwane II. e. - nekhulu V BC. e.

• Ezenziwe izitya uphondo yokusela ngeenxa - rhytons.

• "Wabekeleni" - rhandzana uhlelo lokuqala emva 1800.

• zidumbu of Russian amaxesha umfazi oneminyaka engama-25 ubudala iiphiramidi zaseYiputa.

• Le ezinde-ixolo ngenkulungwane esongwayo XIV yokuqala, eyafunyanwa kufuphi Novgorod ngo-1951. Le ingxelo malunga nokuqokelelwa nerhafu esekwe yi Ebu- Boyar ngezinto zezindlu zooyise.

I Moscow yesicelo Museums

Xa intliziyo kwikomkhulu, kwi incwadi, kukho imyuziyam ekhethekileyo. Ayavumelana ngegama efanayo - le Moscow yesicelo Museums. Zizonke ezintandathu: Izikrweqe, Ukushiyeka yokwaleka Church, Museum of Applied Art and Life of ngenkulungwane XVII, kwinkolelo, iNgelosi kunye Annunciation Cathedral.

indawo yokugcina

museum Historical eMoscow zibandakanya kakuhle yaziwa kulo lonke ebuncwaneni ihlabathi, ogama emva kokuba yesicelo wezezimali yamandulo. Le myuziyam lisebenzisa isakhiwo esenzelwe ngumzobi K. Ton ngo-1891. ingqokelela yezixhobo ibandakanya izacholo ebutyebini bokumkani kunye lezambatho ngomawokhulu kaThixo, eyenziwe iinkosi yesicelo, waza wanikela ukuya Amanxusa akwamanye amazwe.

Iqulathe iimpahla le tsar mikhosi kaThixo isinxibo ibekwa, ngezomkhosi karhulumente, hierarchs Ingubo Russian Church, iimveliso gunsmiths, ingqokelela amanqaku ezenziwe yegolide nesilivere, eyenziwe iinkosi Russian zobugcisa yesilivere eYurophu, iinqwelwana, ihashe sisebenzise kwesithethe. Yonke imiboniso ze Izikrweqe abo ubugcisa, ixabiso liphezulu kwimbali nenkcubeko. Le myuziyam ubonisa malunga namawaka amane izinto zobugcisa kunye nobugcisa yombuso Russian, amazwe East naseYurophu, ukususela ngenkulungwane IV ukuya ekuqaleni XX.

Museums e Moscow namhlanje nezixhotyiswe ngeteknoloji entsha: Iindwendwe kufuneka ithuba lokuba athathe ithuba isikhokelo ekwikhompyutha Izikrweqe.

Inkolelo Cathedral

Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, kuba itempile iphambili eRashiya. Kuba apho isithsaba ibekwa nabalawuli, iintloko zeCawa yobuOthodoki yaseRashiya, kwakunye nokungcwatywa solusapho metropolitans.

Iindwendwe bakhangele kuveza a iconostasis esikhulu ukuphakama ngaphezu kweemitha ezili-16. Kukho kwakhona ukuqokelelwa yelizwe inkulu yee icon uxabisekileyo iziqu, lo lomculo yokudweba omkhulu, Ukuthandaza Ivan VI le ndawo, le necropolis zembali.

Cathedral of the Annunciation

museum Historical eMoscow baba icawa ezininzi mandulo. Annunciation - enye ezinqabileyo zindala le Moscow yesicelo, zakhiwa izithethe i eMoscow Pskov bokwakha kwinkulungwane XV njengoko ibandla ikhaya weenkosana ezinkulu Russian kunye nookumkani. Ukutyhubela imbali yayo, oko unenzondelelo iinguqu ezininzi. iconostasis yaMandulo shestiyarusny, eziquka phantse nekhulu icon, kwaye lomculo lwemizobo omkhulu nexabiso elikhulu. Ngokutsho kwabaphandi, ezinye i icon komdyarho yeholide zipeyintwe yi omkhulu Andrei Rublev kunye icon ye eyabhalwa Theophanes yesiGrike la manqaku Deesis.

Cathedral of Enkulu

Cathedral, esekhona, sakhiwa kwiminyaka 500 eyadlulayo, kodwa imbali yayo yezizathu kwiminyaka 1247-1248. Yaba kwindawo yokuqala yokungcwaba abathetheli enkulu Russian. imihlaza ezimbini amangcwaba 47 kwi necropolis apho. Iindonga kunye iintsika yecawa ahonjiswe ngemifanekiso zabalawuli eMoscow.

Church Ukushiyeka yokwaleka

Ekhaya ibandla loosolusapho kunye metropolitans yakhiwa kwinkulungwane XV kwi isithethe lwezakhiwo-eMoscow lingekafiki ixesha ukwenza izinto Pskov bokwakha. Ibandla elincinane ibekwe phakathi kwe Palace of Iinkalo kunye Dormition Cathedral. Iconostasis, eyabhalwa Nazario Istomin inzuzo yokuluka. Womzobo ezindongeni yenziwe izimiso aphakathi phakathi kwenkulungwane XVII. Icawa kubanjwe umboniso sculpture Russian ngamaplanga. Ezi ezinqabileyo, namhlanje kuhlala kancinane, ziqokelelwe kwiicawa ezahlukahlukeneyo Russian.

Museum of Applied Art and Life lwekhulu XVII

Ise kwamadoda Chambers, ibhotwe owayesakuba Russian Oosolusapho, leyo kwakhelwa Nikon. I-museum oselula yasekwa ngo-1962 kunye nomboniso olusekelwe kubandakanya imiboniso ye Izikrweqe. I-museum, nto leyo ine kweli xesha, nto leyo ixelela ukusungulwa ngaphakathi imbali. Kwigumbi yokuqala kukho izinto wobuqu uBhishophu Nikon kunye nezinye iintloko ecaweni. ixabiso ezeMbali kunye nezobugcisa ke surplices, nezibonda, neenkontsho.

Le myuziyam iye ifenitshala antique, caskets, ezifubeni, iwotshi, checkers, ichess yesilivere. Uninzi avuleke kukho izinto ezixabisekileyo: iikomityi, igolide nesilivere izitya, neenkamba, ipepile, okanye izihlukuhli ityuwa.

oyindoda zimelwe kakuhle nezacholo nemazi; isiqhoboshi, amaqhosha, unxibelelwano kuhlinzwa, amacici, imisesane. Phakathi imiboniso - iminqwazi, ikhaya kunye nebandla impahla amalaphu imali eninzi.

Apha sile ngqangi ezihonjiswe miniatures, abagcini bekhusi inemibala, nesiphelo. Phakathi kwawo ke ikopi ekhethekileyo awazenzela Tsarevich Alexei, - primer Karion Istomin.

Banikwa indawo, kunye iintsizi yokumkani. Oku izinto wokuzingela: izabatha, imikhonto knurled negolide, ngemipu zeendlovu unina pearl, neeflaski ecikizekileyo umgubo, izaphetha iintolo ngemisipres, ezinde, nomsedare,

ngezidalwa zamandulo Museum

Ukufundisa kunye iziko lemfundo ukuba ayinayo uhlobo lwazo ehlabathini, iyinxalenye ziko eponymous ka-Russian Academy of Sciences kwaye igqalwa elinye lawona iimyuziyam nembali yemvelo ehlabathini.

Yasungulwa eMoscow ngo-1937. Ngowe-1954 ivaliwe ngenxa ekungakwazini ukulungiselela bonke avuleke ngokwephanyazo elincinane kakhulu; onke amagumbi okuhlala malunga 700 square metres. m, elingcwele Count Orlov kwibala kwi Big ukulungela ukusebenza ngoku Leninsky Prospekt. Kwafuneka isakhiwo eyahlukileyo. ukwakhiwa yayo kuphela ngo-1972 kwindawo omhle ngasezantsi-ntshona kwikomkhulu. Phantse amabini engamashumi wathabatha ukwenza isakhiwo museum ekhethekileyo. Ngowe-1987, i entsha Museum Dinosaur kuqala wavula iingcango zalo iindwendwe.

Eyinhloko mboniso - nasekusungulweni ihlabathi somgquba planethi. Indawo malunga 5000 macala onke. m. Le iiholo ezintandathu zingeniswe malunga 5000 nemiboniso. igumbi ngalinye anikelwe kwisigaba esithile kuphuhliso zehlabathi somgquba Umhlaba.

• iholo isingeniso. Uhambo luqala kwi ibali malunga kwesayensi, awo kunye nophuhliso. Iholo mbali engundoqo - amathambo omkhulu efumaneka eSiberia ngo-1842. Nazi iiphaneli yodongwe, ebonisa zazivelela yobomi kweelwandle. Kumgangatho wesibini eholweni ukuba ababonise eni zezazinzulu kumaxesha ahlukeneyo, wafunda uphuhliso kwihlabathi zomgquba. Phakathi kwazo kukho abantu abanjalo ezaziwayo-kakuhle, ezifana Darwin kunye Lomonosov. eni Umbhali eyenziwe ekhandiweyo ngobhedu - artist A. Chernov.

• Iholo yesibini lunikezelwa Precambrian nasekuqaleni Paleozoic. Apha uyakwazi ukufunda izinto zokuqala eziphilayo awayengabemi Umhlaba: izityalo kunye ezingenamqolo. Ukongeza, igumbi ezihonjiswe imisebenzi zobugcisa omkhulu ebonisa abameli enezityalo nezilwanyana eli xesha; nangokukrola amatye, iiphaneli yodongwe, izithombe ezenziwe ngodongwe.

• Xa iindwendwe kwiholo wesithathu uya simazi elidlulileyo wejoloji kummandla eMoscow kunye neendawo ezingqongileyo, leyo kwizigidi zeminyaka phantsi kwamanzi. Kukho ziboniswa iintsalela eziphilayo ukuba belimiwe indawo ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo: ulele, ezingenamqolo kunye nentlanzi.

• imiboniso iholo yesine kwakucingwa ukuba Paleozoic kade nasekuqaleni Mesozoic. Ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufaneleyo Northern Dvina gallery kunye neqela amathambo kunye izirhubuluzi ezinkulu dinotsefalov ababehlanganisene uprofesa Amalitsky. Ngomhla iindonga igumbi uyakwazi ukubona imifanekiso ubugcisa kuzo izityalo kunye nezilwanyana ubuchule Egyptian kunye imikrolo ceramic zaveza. Hombisa igumbi eyenziwe ngesando lobhedu umthi phylogenetic ekuyo laze lanqunyanyiswa kwi embindini chandelier ngemifanekiso ekuyo yamandulo.

• Iholo sesihlanu lwazisa iindwendwe kwihlabathi kweziphilayo Kwisiqingatha sesibini Mesozoic kunye ezahlukeneyo malovane elo xesha. Nantsi ingqokelela iintaka kunye iidayinaso ye സോഫ്റ്റ്വെയര് isoftwe kunye namaxesha Cretaceous. Enye avuleke ezinkulu - Diplodocus, kunye cast of asemzimbeni leyo kwakunikelwa ngo-1910 ngu uNicholas II American E. Carnegie imbeko isikhumbuzo sama- 300 ka Romanov ubukhosi.

• Igumbi wesithandathu Eyokuba i Cenozoic era ezanyisayo yembali. Apha oluboniswe abameli enezityalo nezilwanyana. Of umdla ezithile amathambo giant lomkhombe-paraceratherium, mastodon-gomphotherium, amaxhama bolsherogogo, amabhere mqolomba.

Central ngemipu Forces Museum eMoscow

Imbali yathi yasekwa ngo-1919, xa umboniso osisigxina "The Life of the Red Army and Navy" yasekwa.

Imbali omkhosi lwelizwe lethu lubonakala avuleke-15 000, ezo Ndinibonisile kwiiholo 24 abahlala kummandla ka-5000 square metres. M. mathiriyeli zibekwe ngolandelelwano lwamaxesha: imbali yomkhosi Russian de 1917, ngexesha Civil beMfazwe, i-Red Army labalindi eSoviet Union ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II, le minyaka yasemva kwemfazwe, eSoviet Armed Forces. Thaca amaxwebhu, amabhaso, iifoto, izixhobo kunye nezixhobo emkhosini, yingqokelela iibhanile, nezinto yabaphathi-mikhosi, amagosa kunye namajoni.

Okunye museum zembali e Moscow

Uluhlu olondolozo lwembali kokuba uqhubeke. Phakathi kwabo Museum of Contemporary History, owasekwa ngo-1917 kwaye zanikezelwa nembali Russian ukususela phakathi kwenkulungwane XIX ngenkulungwane ye-yamashumi amabini.

Moscow Museum lezoKhuselo waqalisa khona ngo-1981 kunye mboniso, leyo lixesha ungqamane isikhumbuzo wamashumi omane Battle of eMoscow.

Enye Military History Museum eMoscow - i-Central Museum of Enkulu Patriotic War. Eli bhotwe yesikhumbuzo kwavulwa Poklonnaya Hill ngo-1995 ukulungiselela unyaka wama-50 Ukoyisa.

EMoscow museum yembali ayikwazi bacinge ngaphandle Museum eMoscow, nto leyo yasekwa liBhunga lesiXeko ngo-1896. Emva koko ke ngokuba Museum of the umnotho eMoscow, indawo yokuqala indawo zayo ezinde amanzi Krestovsky. EMoscow Museum lidibanisa amasebe ezininzi: Archaeology, inkcubeko estate, imbali kwentendelezo Lefortovo, IsiNgesi.

Museum of Archaeology of eMoscow uvule njengesebe le Moscow Museum of isikhumbuzo 850th kwikomkhulu ngo-1997. Kuba kwakhiwa umnquba komhlaba kubunzulu yeemitha 7 kwindawo yomsebenzi zakudala ngexesha ngokutsha Manege Square kwi 90 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela.

IsiNgesi kwefama kukwabhekiselele Museum of History of eMoscow yenye izakhiwo zindala kwikomkhulu. Phakathi avuleke: ". History of the Iqela elilawula wenkundla IsiNgesi" "eMoscow amehlo aphakathi basemzini", "Imbali wobudlelwane Anglo-Russian XV-XII eminyaka", Umboniso esisigxina "Visit Elizabeth II ngo-1994 Chambers Old iNkundla IsiNgesi eMoscow" kule myuziyam.