Volgograd Museum-panorama "Idabi Stalingrad"

IMfazwe Yehlabathi II yazisa usizi kakhulu eluntwini. Kwadlula izigidi zabantu, wabatshabalalisa ubomi amawaka abantu wajika amanxuwa amakhulu imizi. Eli xesha sikulo elide iza kukhumbuza wena, yaye abaninzi izigigaba zise kakuhle kwimemori abo baye ubungqina babo. Enye mathuba ikhumbuleke - empini luzinikele imyuziyam-panorama "Idabi Stalingrad", elise Volgograd.

Njani yaye nini kwenzeke konke

Agasti 23, 1942 laba sisiqalo edabini for Stalingrad. Loo mini, bonke German Sixth Army bafika iVolga River, aqukuqela ngaphandle idolophu kwisithili emantla. Kwicala langasezantsi kwixesha elifanayo kwi ndawo beza yesine Panzer Army. Ngaloo amaJamani wathabatha kwi zokukorekisha umzi wonke. Iinkcukacha kunye nabemi balo ke kunokwenzeka kuphela umlambo. UHitler wayesazi ukuba abemi uya kubakhusela ikhaya lakhe, kwaye ke ngoko, ukuba ngokuzikhama iinjongo zabo amathupha, waqala kuqhuma Stalingrad evela emoyeni. Iziqhushumbisi kubhanga ngemini-23 Agasti. Ngeli xesha esi sixeko zarhoxiswa ngaphezu kwamawaka amabini zibhombu ukuba nokuba ngaphambi kokuqalisa kwemfazwe Stalingrad wajika kumabhodlo ezintle.

Sturm and win

Isiphango baloo lali kwaqala nge-13 Septemba. Oku kungqinwa iirekhodi ezibhalwe phantsi, nto leyo ayawuthanda imyuziyam-panorama "Idabi Stalingrad". Kwakukho umzabalazo ubomi nokufa. Nomkhosi wayemlwela yonke indlu; kuba kumgangatho kulo. Phantse de kube sekupheleni kwenyanga amaJamani bazama ukoyisa Station Central. Ngeli xesha ke waba ngaphezu kwezihlandlo ezilishumi, waba yipropathi German, umkhosi Russian.

AmaNgqina bathi Stalingrad eyaguqukayo yaba elwandle uthuli, umsi, ubutyobo nomlilo. Ngethuba ngamajoni kule ndawo amaJamani kulahleke enye abantu nesiqingatha sesigidi, ngokuba umkhosi Russian ilahleko yaba ngaphezu kwezigidi 1.1 abantu, bungaphezu kweekhilogram ezingamawaka amane kwamatanki kwaye ngaphezulu ezibini nesiqingatha iinqwelomoya amawaka. Ekubulaleni amaNazi Stalingrad aze abanike intembelo uloyiso phezu uHitler, lonke abantu Soviet. Eli dabi kakhulu buthathaka nokuhlaselwa waseJamani.

Ukuzalwa myuziyam

Museum-panorama "Idabi Stalingrad" (bambize: isixeko Volgograd, isitalato Chuikov, 47) - yeyona isakhiwo lolondolozo lwembali kakhulu voluminous kwi kummandla eRashiya, nto leyo lunikezelwa Idabi Stalingrad. Lo mboniso ibhekisa kwinkcazelo ebalulekileyo yesizwe. Isiphelo yemisebenzi nokwakhiwa imyuziyam yawa ukuba ihlobo 1982. Nokuba ngexesha lemfazwe, uMajor General anisimov mbono wazalelwa ukwenza into efanayo. Lo wathi kwincwadi yakhe eya Iqabane Stalin. Ngowe-1944, abasemagunyeni wabhengeza ukhuphiswano ukwenza ukunyuka ilungileyo mzobo kwiintsalela Stalingrad. Umnyhadala kokubini nabayili lobungcali kunye nabahlali eziqhelekileyo umzi, ekube isiphelo lingenandaba emizaneni. A iqhezu enkulu iiprojekthi babesilwa panorama Stalingrad. Oko ngeli xesha elikhuselweyo ngokuqinileyo ingcamango yokuba imyuziyam-panorama "Stalingrad idabi" wabonakala Volgograd. Vadim Maslyaev, umakhi oyintloko Volgograd, waba yimbangi projekthi le wobugcisa elizayo.

Ukususela ekuqaleni, kwacetywa ukuba sakhiwo siza kuba yinxalenye yale lomculo Mamayev Kurgan baze bayifake endlwini kwiHolo Military Glory. Kodwa lo mbono sele akafumaneki inkxaso iBhunga labaPhathiswa of the RSFSR. Ngoko ke, lo mbono wawongwa ukuba abe ngomnye iinjongo zakhiwo Museum, ibekwe kummandla Guards. Njengenxalenye inani ukusekwa kunye tshe onencula-ezukisa izixhobo Soviet, amabhodlo lokugaya Grudinina House Pavlova.

zokwakha

Ngoko ke, i Volgograd Museum-panorama "Idabi Stalingrad" ... Esi sixeko waqala ukwakha ezintsonkothileyo yayo edumileyo ebusika 1968. Eli lizwe kubhiyozela iminyaka engama-25 koyisa Red Army kaThixo phezu amaJamani e Stalingrad. Lo mcimbi sungula ipleyiti yesikhumbuzo emazantsi zakhiwo elizayo. Hyperboloid wotshintsho - ligama le fomu, wesimodeni museum-esicace umzi, ngaphambili abathwele igama Stalingrad.

Kudala phambi kokuba inqaba yaqala nokwakhiwa imyuziyam into, elisuke laba ukubonisa Stalingrad ngexesha idabi yokukhululwa kwakhe. Ngowe-1948, umsebenzi waqalisa phezu ukudalwa Imizobo odumileyo. A. Gorpenko, V. Kuznetsov, G. Marchenko kunye nezinye amagcisa ziye nelungelo lokuphinda Idabi Stalingrad kwi ngelaphu. Kuba sebali imfazwe ekhethiweyo olwenzeke ngoJanuwari 1943. Yaba Kwidabi Mamayev Kurgan.

Nkqu ezinye avuleke

Museum-panorama "Idabi Stalingrad" kwi Volgograd kule dilesi inikwe ngentla, liyazingca nje kuphela uthe web. Le esimbaxa ngaphezulu kwe-3,5 lamawaka imiboniso :. izixhobo Military, wathabatha inxaxheba iimfazwe Stalingrad, iifoto, imifanekiso ukubonisa iinkokeli zomkhosi ngqwayi leSoviet, ukuqokelelwa imipu kunye nezixhobo bladed. Kwakhona, imyuziyam-panorama "Idabi Stalingrad" liye lemifanekiso ezine. Ngamnye kubo - yinto episode eyahlukileyo, akazange ukungena kulo umfanekiso omkhulu, kodwa kakhulu kubalulekile ukuba inkululeko umzi-hero.

Yintoni na yintoni na,

kufutshane kakhulu myuziyam lixhotyiswe iqonga apho kutsha nje kwixa elidlulileyo i umboniso lwezixhobo inxaxheba kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Phakathi avuleke kwakukho Retro-amatanki, moya, zokudubula. Kodwa ke indawo umboniso akakwazanga ukumelana xibilili enjalo oomatshini enzima, ngoko ukuze kuthintelwe amatyala eziyingozi, kwenziwa isigqibo ukuthumela kakhulu onke lokuqokelelwa kwi Mamayev Kurgan. Kukho kumlungisela indawo esikhethekileyo ulwamkelo enjalo 'iindwendwe' ebalulekileyo. Sekunjalo, Volgograd Museum-panorama "Idabi Stalingrad" ingakumbi, kushiywe izithuba evulelekile, ezinye imiboniso omangalisayo: omnye wabo - imodeli moya bomber Su-2, isipho esivela abasebenzi OKB Volgograd Sukhov. howitzers Siya- kunye zokudubula. amatanki ezinzima, yimani yedwa, naye bafanelwe ukuba angawaconganga. Ewe, okunene, ukuba ukulibala loo mihla ezoyikekayo, xa kwakukho Idabi Stalingrad ...

kutshanje Museum-Reserve ezikhuphile a ezifunyanwa entsha. Yaba itanki idabi, nto leyo ifumaneka ebusika ka-2010-2011 kwi inxalenye i-Don River, ophuma kuwo umzi ka Kalach-on-Don. Itanki ayekwimeko embi, umhlwa wayo kakhulu ngumhlwa, kodwa umsebenzi wokwakha azikuvumeli ukupeyinta kuphela imoto.

Panorama Museum uye ilifa kubuyiselwa layo kaloliwe umphunga IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic. Lo kaloliwe kufakwa amaqonga neenqwelo zonke iintlobo: Itanki-nqwelo, iqonga, ukuthutha izixhobo ezinzima, kwi-ibhodi eqongeni kunye noololiwe-evenini, lithwele abantu.

Iindwendwe kubomi myuziyam

Museum-panorama "Idabi Stalingrad", ixabiso tyelelo oqala kwi engange-50, namhlanje wabona bonke abemi Volgograd neendwendwe ezininzi kuwo umzi. Kodwa nokutsala amehlo afumanekayo, hayi nje kuphela iingcali ubuciko bendawo, kodwa nabathandi yeenkcubeko amazwe. Ingqokelela myuziyam iye batyelela mboniso e Austria, Czech Republic, eNgilani kunye namanye amazwe. abantu ngonyaka ngamnye ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sesigidi tyelela museum-panorama kunye namalunga ayo.

A amagama ambalwa esiphelweni

Volgograd Museum-panorama unalo ngelaphu kakhulu ezintle Russian Federation. parameters zayo eziimitha ezili-16 ukuphakama, iziimitha 120 ubude. Panorama "Idabi Stalingrad" yaba touch yokugqibela yonke ezintsonkothileyo. Lelona elikhulu eriya myuziyam edolophini (4.5 ths. M ^2), kwaye ufanelwe ukuba ukumbona zonke!