Le ithopholoji lothungelwano computer

Ingqiqo womnatha ithetha inkcazelo yayo elandelayo. Uthungelwano na ingqokelela yezinto, oluthi luqokelelane yezixhobo ezithumela ize isebenze data. International Organization for Standardization inethwekhi yendawo ichazwa njenge inkqubo transmission ezilandelanayo bit ebomini data phakathi elizimeleyo, kodwa ezihambelanayo ngendlela izixhobo ezikhethekileyo indlela.

Architecture lothungelwano computer kukuba networks uqobo abahlala kwindawo ethile, ngoko ke badla ekwabelwana qho indawo. Kukho uthungelwano lwasekuhlaleni, zengingqi nezehlabathi ngokubanzi.

Iingenelo, nto leyo enika uthungelwano iikhompyutha zobuqu badla ziquka ukukwazi ukwabelana izibonelelo, ukungcola data, ukwahlulwa-software, ukwahlulwa kwezibonelelo CPU, kungenzeka yokulungiselela indlela multi-umsebenzisi.

iimpawu ezahlukeneyo networking ukunika ukukwazi ukwenza iintlobo lothungelwano computer ukuhlela. Ezi mpawu ziquka ithopholoji lothungelwano computer, injongo yabo, uluhlu lweenkonzo, imigaqo yolawulo (ukuba enye kwaye amagunya), iindlela isenza, iindlela zokufikelela, iintlobo zosasazo ugqithiso, umyinge data , njalo-njalo. N.

Makhe ihlale phezu ingcamango ezibalulekileyo ezifana uthungelwano computer yethopholoji efanayo. Kuyo nayiphi na kwinethiwekhi ikhompyutha, ifenishala nganye enxulumene ngokwasemzimbeni kunye nezinye iindlela zonxibelelwano. Le uxhulumaniso lusenziwa ngokwesakhiwo esithile, ekuthiwa ithopholoji lothungelwano computer. Ngoko ke, lo ithopholoji lothungelwano computer inikeze echaza uxhulumaniso emzimbeni inethiwekhi yekhompyutha ebonisa isikhululo ethile yokusebenza, ekwaziyo iyabophelela omnye komnye. On uhlobo luphawulwa ithopholoji ekhethiweyo zothungelwano computer, ukusebenza kuxhomekeka kumgangatho wemfezeko yokusebenza kunye nokuthembeka workstations networked, kwakunye nexesha elifunekayo lokubhena kwi server lwefayile. Ukongeza yethopholoji kunefuthe elingqalileyo indlela yokufikelela kwi-network, nto leyo eza kuthi isetyenziswe.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku iintlobo inethiwekhi esuka kwikhompyutha topologies ezintlanu, kodwa ngokubanzi ezithathu: ". Inkwenkwezi" ibhasi yethopholoji efanayo, isangqa yethopholoji efanayo, ukuba yethopholoji le

Bus yethopholoji Kuthathwa ukuba zonke iindawo lomnatha lidibane uthungelwano ad hoc ngokusebenzisa intambo eyodwa. Cable ukupheliswa kufuneka abe umthwalo resistive. Intambo single ixhasa ijelo elinye data. I ibhasi yethopholoji cable ebizwa ibhasi. Networks eyakhelwe kwi ibhasi, zisekelwe intambo yafakwa.

I ring yethopholoji ifumene ukuqaphela yalo networks elula ilingane nekhomputha. Zonke workstations, ngokwale ithopholoji oxhulumene nabamelwane zayo ezimbini elikufutshane. Ukuba sicinga uqhagamshelo yemizobo jikelele kuthungelwano owadalwa umsesane yethopholoji efanayo, ungabona into efana ngomsesane. Idatha e networks enjalo ezidluliselwa kwicala elinye, nabo bonke workstations zisebenze njengabaphindayo, ukufumana nokwamkela iipakethi wathetha kubo, uze zokutshintshelwa eziseleyo iipakethi data kulandela ifenishala apho ibekwe "emazantsi".

Namhlanje ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo kakhulu wafumana kumnatha womsebenzi wobulali, zakhiwa yinkwenkwezi yethopholoji efanayo. Xa unxibelelwano ezinjalo, izixhobo data ukuba diverge ukusuka kwindawo eqhelekileyo, ngaphandle njengentsika, omnye umzila okanye iswitshi womnatha. Ukuba hogela hub njengeziko inkwenkwezi, ngoko yehlukana kulo liya kufana kwimitha - kungoko eli ithopholoji, baza igama layo. Inzuzo ephambili inkwenkwezi yethopholoji efanayo xa kuthelekiswa ngekhonkco lithuba asebenzise ilungelo lokufikelela elizimeleyo kwinethiwekhi ezinikezelwa nasiphi na isixhobo. Kulo mzekelo, isixhobo nganye uyakwazi isicelo ukosuleleka medium, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ezinye izixhobo kwi network.