Klyazma (emlanjeni). Klyazma River, ummandla Vladimir

Klyazma - emlanjeni, ibekwe eRashiya, xa inxalenye yaseYurophu kweli lizwe. Yiyo nje emdeni kwiingingqi Nizhny Novgorod, Ivanovo, uVladimir kunye eMoscow. It is a uviko lasekhohlo Oka. Eli nqaku liza kuthetha emlanjeni ezukileyo.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Klyazma - emlanjeni, kunye nobude kweekhilomitha 686, indawo isitya - 42.5 km. ukusetyenziswa avareji lonyaka amanzi - 139-147 m ³ / s (185 km ukusuka emlonyeni, isixeko Kovrov endhawini). Umlambo ikakhulu ikhephu. Klyazma ngumkhenkce ngoNovemba, kwisiqingatha sokuqala sika-Epreli wayivula. Phezu komlambo kukho izixeko ezininzi Shchyolkovo, Dolgoprudny, Korolev, Noginsk, Losino-Petrovsky, Pavlovsky Posad, Gorokhovets, Vyazniki, Kovrov, Vladimir, Sobinka, Orekhovo-. Shore Klyazma ithatha malunga 1.7 yezigidi zabantu. Kule ndawo ye isitya umlambo likhaya ngaphezulu kwezigidi 3.3 zabantu.

incazelo yendawo

Ngaphakathi Moscow, inkangala kuphuma emlanjeni Klyazma. Le maphu ibonisa ukuba umthombo wayo kufutshane nedolophu Solnechnogorsk. Umlambo ke aqukuqela kwicala southeasterly eMoscow (kwisithili isixeko Khimki). indlela sakhe ngaphaya umda yesithili Molzhaninovsky kwikomkhulu, kufuphi kwilali Cherkizovo ajike ngasempumalanga. emlanjeni efikelela kuyo entilini ophezulu kakhulu elimxinwa. In Klyazma ububanzi neemitha ezingama-12. River fumanisa Pirogovskoe kunye Klyazminskoe ichibi apho kugalelwe iVolga. flow avela lilawulwa, ububanzi kufutshane neqonga kaloliwe "Klyazma" - 20 eemitha. Umlambo wamanzi idlula esezantsi Meshchersky, ngeli xesha ibhanki lungelo asezantsi kakhulu ekhohlo. Klyazma - River zinzulu ibende. E Noginsk kweendonga zayo kumgama oziimitha ezingama-50 ukusuka kwezinye, ngalinye Vladimir - iimitha 130. Okunye ububanzi laliziimitha 200. Ubunzulu oluncinane, esona sixa - meters 8, ngokuqhelekileyo - 1-2 eemitha. Xa emazantsi Klyazma udongwe, ikakhulu uyisanti. Kwezinye iindawo umlambo Wayixakaxa lekalika Ingxenye.

wokungena kwemali

Klyazma - umlambo kunye nemingenela ezininzi. Abaninzi kubo ngamagama yamandulo Finno-Ugric ke imilambo enzonzobila. Nemingenela ezivelileyo Suvorosch (14 km), Luh (68 km), komnye umthombo (79 km), Package (110.7 km), Msterka (111 km), Tesa (135 km), Shizhegda (151 km), Nerehta (km 190 ) Sudogda (244 km), Nerl (269 km), Rpen (285 km), Koloksha (326 km), Shalovka (329 km), Vorsha (336 km), Golf (378 km), Peksha (396 km) Birch (416 km), kwipleyiti (445 km), Kirzhach (459 km), Dubna (466 km), Vyrka (476 km), Drezna (481 km), Vohonka (502 km), zamahlathi (514 km), sherna umfula ( 516 km), Zagrebka (524 km), Chernogolovka (526 km), Lavrovka (526 km), Shalovka (540 km), Vorya (551 km), efundisa (577 km), Alba (640 km), Radomlje (665 km ) Chernavka (671).

zokuhlala yamandulo

River Klyazma, iifoto ezo zipapashwa kweli nqaku, ukususela kumaxesha amandulo indawo kokuhlaliswa kwabantu ezahlukeneyo. ngabembi bezinto zakudala zibonisa ukuba iibhanki ayo abantu Paleolithic (Sungir), Neolithic ophilayo (kwindawo yokupaka kufutshane kwilali Eoginskom Bunkova), Mesolithic (kwisithili Posad Pavlovsky, kufuphi ilali Saurova). Kamva izizwe Klyazma Meria wayehlala Muroma, Meshchera. Ngolwimi ezi zizwe zamandulo ogama nemingenela ezininzi. Zifumaneka ezibhankini lokuqala kulo mmandla amangcwaba Slavic.

ukusetyenziswa

Klyazma - komlambo, nto leyo ehambisana kunye nophuhliso yonke inxalenye kumntla-mpuma weRashiya ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-12, ukususela kwixesha le-Vladimir-Suzdal ukubusa. Ngaloo mihla umlambo ecaleni ubude balo lonke kunawo. Kwanangaphambi kokuba Slavic ngendlela yorhwebo zokuhlala Klyazma - akhawunti - Moscow yanika uphuhliso loqoqosho kulo mmandla. Nokufika mveliso eyahlukeneyo ngenkulungwane ye-17 phezu komlambo kwakukho iseti ngodongwe, textile kunye noshishino nephepha, unokwakhela kuqala, uze emva koko-mveliso kunye mveliso.

Ngenkulungwane yama-20, ngowe-1937, oko yagqitywa ukwakhiwa umsele kubo. EMoscow, kwi efikelela kuyo umlambo ukuvimbile Pirogov idama bazakhela Klyazma. flow kwamanzi nedama baba imigaqo waqalisa ukuba zidle imilambo iVolga kunye nenxalenye esemantla kummandla eMoscow. Ngowe-1941, phezu Klyazma saqalisa ukwakha izityalo ezimbini lombane, kodwa ukwakhiwa kwayo yemiswa kunye ekuqaleni kwemfazwe. Ngenkulungwane yokugqibela, kwi-70, oko yangeniswa ingqalelo iprojekthi yokwakha ngaphandle olusempuma emjelweni capital inqanawa.

Okwangoku, esemlanjeni efikelela yayo asezantsi nalawo aphakathi lwamanzi ibonelela imveliso ezahlukeneyo kunye nabemi zokuhlala ezininzi. Klyazma i imikhumbi ukuba kumgama ozikilometa eziyi-267 ukusuka emlonyeni wayo kwisixeko Vladimir, lisetyenziswa ukuthutha amaphenyane impahla. Kwi-avareji ngexesha lokuthumela inxalenye esezantsi ezilulwalwa kangako kunye nobunzulu omncinane phakathi Mstera kunye iikhaphethi. Elise nezibuko emlanjeni wodwa (Vyazniki) kwaye kukho yokwakhela endala Gorokhovets.

izakhiwo hydraulic

On the Klyazma umlambo uzele izakhiwo hydraulic. Wakha kwamadama amaninzi: kwisithili Solnechnogorsk (ilali Lunev), kwidolophana Pirogov, kwisixeko Korolev, kwilali Tarasovka, Obukhov kunye iindawo Sverdlovsk, kummandla wesixeko Shchelkovo (ilali Amerova). incoko Yahlula ifanelwe kwidama olungundoqo Noginsk. ukuphakama kwayo kweemitha 2.5. Kuye mayixhotyiswe lwedama elunxwemeni akhiwe ezintandathu adjustable.

On Klyazma na amanzi kunye nothungelwano lwemijelo iinkqubo ezininzi: Nut-Zuevskaya, Pavlovsky Posad, Noginsk, Obukhov, Shchelkovskaya. Ngaphezu koko, kummandla eMoscow na phantsi koqwalaselo rhoqo amagumbi nemin Environmental Centre Monitoring kwindawo eMoscow meteorology. Kukho ezintathu point zombane chemical: Pavlovsky Posad, Schelkovo kunye Orekhovo-.

ukuloba

A indawo olukhulu abathandi ukuloba limi lomlambo Klyazma. Iimfesi kwezi ndawo mkhulu. Amanzi zifumaneka phantse bonke abameli izilwanyana esemlanjeni ngundoqo lizwe. iziphumo ezintle kakhulu ixesha - entwasahlobo. Kwaba ngoko emlanjeni ukusuka ichibi aqale izikolo usiya yeentlanzi. Spring nimbhaqe iintambo IDE, Pike zahlala wabamba kwi bokusonta bream kunye Roach - on edadayo yokuwisa zakidushka. Ehlotyeni kuyenzeka ukubamba neKubhi, zeCARP, bream, zeCARP crucian, tench. Va amanzi esezantsi ebanjwe burbot. Ukuveliswa ezinqabileyo zexabiso kwi Klyazma - sturgeon.

"Intsimbi yehashe"

Vladimir kummandla mephu ibonisa ukuba Klyazma aqukuqela emdeni wayo ikakhulu emasimini, manqaphanqapha esendleleni kukho zamahlathi. Umhlaba phezu kweenxweme mmandla zentlabathi kunye nodongwe. Abaninzi phezu amawa kunye Spits emlanjeni isanti, Klyazma uyakuthanda kumoya pan ngeendawo ezahlukeneyo umdla. "Intsimbi yehashe" - yinto isenzeko ukwazi ukuba kwenzeka xa umlambo ngesiquphe ajike 180 degrees kwaye uqala ukugeleza ngokungathi kwicala elahlukileyo. Imigama phakathi amajelo omlambo inye ukufikelela iikhilomitha. Emva koko, imisonto ezimbini ngcembe idityaniswe omnye komnye kwaye enze kwisiqithi ebukekayo. Lo ngumfanekiso omhle kakhulu. Ukongeza, ezi ndawo esisityebi kunene iintlanzi ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ekuqaleni kokuba besihlawule wephimpi, uthabathe indawo perches kunye Pike. Bandula namytyh esantini wamtshicela kunye snags ubangel liqala ukuwa catfish kunye sisinkantazi. Emanzini acocekileyo, hayi sene utyani emazantsi livela phantse zonke iintlanzi: .. iphezulu, Roach, neKubhi, garters, bream, njl Ekuhambeni kwexesha, i "intsimbi yehashe" igcwele ingca, kumgxobhozo eninzi, kodwa kufuneka ukuya kwiminyaka engaphezu kweshumi. Kwiminyaka yokuqala ikhona, indawo enjalo - yiparadesi yokwenene kubathandi lokuloba.

zolonwabo

Klyazma River (kummandla Vladimir) - indawo olukhulu ukuhlala elithozamisayo emaphandleni. Ngenxa yangoku strong apha exutyiweyo kwi Kayak. Ixesha lokuba imisebenzi ongaphandle ezifana iqala ngoMeyi iphela ngoSeptemba. Yiza Klyazma kunokwenzeka kwaye nje ukuba sibe namanxweme zalo ezintle, ayegqunyelelwe iingcongolo kunye Emingculubeni, iingcongolo, cattails, alisma, ihlathi geranium, kunye ezihlangwini amathathu kunye nezinye uhlaza. River amanzi zinokuhonjiswa hornwort, waterweed eKhanada, nesisu, neenyibiba zamanzi, duckweed kunye neendidi ezahlukeneyo pondweed.

beach leeholide

Kwiinyanga ezifudumeleyo, ungaya ukuphumla elunxwemeni. Phezu komlambo Klyazma of ukuhlalisa inani elikhulu. esimhlophe zikamasipala zicocwe rhoqo, oogqirha emsebenzini kunye nenkonzo nokusindisa isebenza. Phezu ayo, endingowakhe kwezinye ikhaya leeholide, umzekelo, indawo yokuhlala eqeshisayo "Klyazma" kwi dama enye, esebenza catamarans irenti, izikhephe, nasemkhenkceni jet kunye amaphenyane. Kukho loungers ilanga kunye neambrela, zokudlela nemivalo. Inikeza uhambo umfula imikhumbi iza ahonjiswe kwi indlela frigates ezindala kunye nezinye izithuthi ezingaqhelekanga. Imeko kokusingqongileyo amanzi obandayo Klyazma iingcali ngeso elibukhali. Ngoko ke, ukudada kumlambo ayikho kuphela mnandi, kodwa ekhuselekileyo.