Kerch Strait: ububanzi (ifoto)

Amanzi Kerch Strait, inwenwa kwisiqithi zaseTuzla, ehlanganisa kuLwandle Azov kunye noLwandle Black. Kunxweme olusentshona, bahlamba i Kerch peninsula, kwaye ukusuka empuma - elunxwemeni le Taman Peninsula. Izibuko ephambili kuthathwa Kerch.

amagama zembali

Ngenxa Ukumka kweminyaka Kerch Strait, ogama ububanzi ziyohluka ecaleni ubude balo lonke, ukutshintsha igama. Ngamakhoboka abantu bahlala phezu amazwe woLwandle mpuma Black, ebizwa kuye Bosporus (Bosphorus) Cimmerian.

Kwixesha elizayo, amagama abalawuli mida lizwe wanika ngendlela leyo lula kubo. Turks, isigwebo apha bamandulo, kwathiwa Taman Bogas. Kuthi kwakufika msetyenzana sushi Russian akukho nje igama. Kukho ukubhekisela Tauride, Yenikalsky, Kerch-Yenikalsky yaye ekugqibeleni Kerch Strait.

Ubukhulu ichibi

Yintoni na ububanzi Kerch Strait? Yintoni na ubude bayo, zinzulu njani? Kunika umdla ukwazi, kuqala kwiinto zonke, zejografi kunye noomatiloshe. Uphando lufumanise ukuba amanzi alo Wasolula yi km 42 ubude. Ububanzi Range Umfuno ngeekhilomitha 4-15.

Strait kubunzulu eliphezulu yaphunyezwa ngo wamanzi. Ukuya emazantsi kukho malunga-18 eemitha. Xa 70s yenkulungwane yokugqibela eyathi kukuqiniswa le fairway kumatshini emqoka. Nangona kunjalo, kubekho ukuhla intlenga awavumelekanga neenqanawa ezininzi olunzulu-ukuzoba ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo nge lexinene. On iinqanawa, zamazibuko okungena elandelayo Azov, ukuvelisa overload.

Le Yenikale Undoqo elibhaqiweyo ezinyaweni 12-14. Kufuphi Ak-umaphuli column amanzi efika iinyawo 18-23. Kummandla Kamysh-Burun ubunzulu isusela ezinyaweni 22-24. E Chongeleka zone, kanye phakathi kwayo ukuya kufika ezantsi, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukwehlela kubunzulu kweenyawo 42-45.

Isalathiso nokuxhuma Danagiyu Takil, umhlathi lwamanzi iinyawo 58-60 liye Kerchensky Strait. Ubunzulu nobubanzi kwechibi kummandla ngamnye zahluke. Apho kukho umgca Yenikale nzulu, wemba ubude umzila neekhilomitha ezintandathu. Ikholam amanzi kule dolophu - 18 iinyawo.

sezulu

Akukho mba apho kobubanzi Kerch Strait uneemeko, imozulu lonke ubude bayo efanayo. Amanzi baqale othe ekupheleni kukaMeyi, ubushushu phezu ithemometha ukuya kuma kwixesha lokumakisha kwi iqina C 24-25 °. Xa iingxaki zibonakala ukuchaphazela, entwasahlobo lufikelela ukuya kwiimitha ezili-10, yaye ixesha ehlotyeni kukho ukuhla kakhulu ukuba ezintathu emva koko ukuba ziimitha ezimbini.

Ebusika, amanzi kule ndawo wonxweme ifihle ngokuyinxenye ngumkhenkce nekhephu. Lexinene elide kufana intsimi ezigqunywe likhephu, kugcwele yimimoya enamandla efikelela 15 m / s, ukududulwa ice kunye kangangesiqingatha semitha wave. Heavy yokukhangela yemozulu (ifumaneka phantse unyaka wonke) abasarhoxisiweyo phezu ichibi.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, le budget wawusalathiswa kuLwandle Azov ukuya kuLwandle Black. Noko ke, ngabanye, umzekelo, ukuvela nje yimimoya enamandla lasemzantsi, uyakwazi ukutshintsha ukuhamba kwamanzi. Kunxweme iwela imvula kuphela oluncinane. Putin kungayanyaniswa ekupheleni ekwindla, ithatha iinyanga eziliqela.

Iimpawu Waterfront

Kerch Strait, ububanzi apho kungenxa kukuchaza elunxwemeni le yabakho imivalo intlabathi ephantsi, efanelekileyo sokhenketho. Coast wambumba Kerch usingasiqithi i intaba, kunye amawa enamatye. kwiinduli bavuke ngaphezu iilwandle apha usixhome phezu kwamanzi. Le ugu akhiwa Taman Peninsula, kwelinye icala, lisephantsi.

Ngenxa yokunqaba kwemvula kunxweme Strait iquka izityalo kwaphela. Unxweme sinikezwe ngomgca jiko kakhulu. Kuhlukumeza zibe poluostrovkov ezininzi ezincinane kunye coves. Ekubeni unxweme olule emanzini amathe side sandy thema ngaphandle.

kumacandelo ezoqoqosho

Uphuhliso yokuloba kunye nokuthumela - isiseko uqoqosho lwengingqi lwengingqi. Izimbiwa lo mmandla esisityebi. Cape Iron Horn, ndazolulela kunxweme olusemazantsi ka Taman, kuphela luyagwagwisa iidipozithi zentsimbi ekrwada. Emva koko wafumana indawo ekhethekileyo kunye kwakhululwa yentsimbi ekrwada ngqo kumphezulu womhlaba. Le ekrwada ke nithi yentsimbi ngawo ku-33%. utsalo Industrial yentsimbi-1930 kule ndawo lwaqhutywa. Inani labemi yayingakwazi ekuqokeleleni nje iipleyiti, chips kweemaleko esikrwada lokwandisa emanzini anganzulwanga.

wokuweza

Pond kunye kumaxesha amandulo yayijongwa zento hub enomtsalane. Ngenxa yokukhetheka geographical zedolophu, ndazikhamela Intermedia yeelwandle, abantu bamandulo ezahlukeneyo yamilisela iiprojekthi namabhongo. kufika Greek yakhiwe apha isixeko Panticapaeum - ikomkhulu Bosporan yoBukumkani.

Antique Panticapaeum kunye Umthambo zayo ezinkulu zothutho kudala kunye ngamaXesha Aphakathi - i Silk Road - zange zimiselwe ukuze usinde, kwaye ngoku ummandla apho yena, wolula iqhawe-isixeko Kerch. Lokuqala rhoqo cross-ukunqumla ichibi yahlulahlulwe lolawulo Panticapaeum.

Settlement Porfmy wavumela ukuba ukuwela Strait kwempahla kunye nabantu. Izehlo waloyisa izitya ukuphehla iyingangamsha. Xa ukhetha indawo umzi, akukho nto ngengozi. Ukuphonononga oko ububanzi Kerch Strait kwindawo ethile, amaGrike ikwazile ukufumana indawo kwaza kwechibi, apho kamva akhiwa Porfmy.

Kule mihla Kerch Strait, ogama ububanzi kwingingqi malunga-5 khilomitha, lixhotyiswe izibuko "eCrimea". Ngenxa wokuweza wakwazi ukuseka amathuba izithuba ezisisigxina ayinalo izibuko "Kavkaz". zokuhlala yaMandulo Porfmy wenza njengoko ngere- le ngere- Kerch wokuweza yamandulo zembali.

Ukuwela iminyaka yemfazwe

iinzame ezinkulu ukudibanisa emideni Kuban kunye eCrimea bekwenziwe ngako 40 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela emkhosini. umyalelo German ahlala Kerch, ixabiso qhinga yesixeko kuthakazelelwa kakhulu. AmaJamani wayesazi ukuba oko ububanzi Kerch Strait, kodwa zange woyikise, yaye baxhotyiswe yomlambo isikhitshane ibhulorho, kakhulu ucuthe indlela eya kwimimandla oli-othwala abaseAfrika. Baye baphuhlisa iprojekthi ukuzibandakanya, ngamandla ukuqeqesha ukwakha ibhulorho. Ukuphumeza isicwangciso ukubanqanda imeko ezibalulekileyo emkhosini kufuphi Kerch. amajoni Soviet lowo wakhulula umzi, ukuzama ukusombulula lo mba emi efanayo ludlule: ubonelelo kwempahla zomkhosi zivela elunxwemeni eCaucasus kwi zibuko iCrimea.

Umgca ngaphambili yaqhutywa kufuphi dama, ngoko ke kakhulu bavele umkhosi zwilakhe. Oku kwathintela iintambo abazono ziziimfumba zothutho elwandle. Ekubeni ke akunakwenzeka ukuba kwakhiwe ibhulorho epheleleyo, wakha imoto USB, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuthumela phezu Akuse umthwalo imoto. Kwagqitywa ngenqanawa yonke imihla 300 iitoni zonke iintlobo zeemveliso. Kwaye kuphela xa ilizwe iCrimea kukhululwa ngokupheleleyo, kwaye kwaqalisa ukwakhiwa a unique ibhulorho kaloliwe ngezinto kwikhompyutha ngokusebenzisa Kerch Strait. Ububanzi kwebhulorho ukuba kube lula mahala zezithuthi kaloliwe.

Ezizihambelayo, abakwazi ledolomami, sahlala kancinane kakhulu. Ukwakha, abakwazi ukumelana uxinzelelo ngumkhenkce isigebenga yehla. Owenza ekubuyiselweni kwalo akazange, wasiphula kuphela emanxuweni into ngobuchule ebalulekileyo, zinthintela navigation.

Neze kule minyaka yasemva kwemfazwe

Ngo-1950, ulwakhiwo ichibi kwi phenyane yaqala. Ukwakhiwa, oqale ukusebenza ngo-1954, esebenza ngayo namhlanje. It fumene meko umgca ngamazwe apho ukuwela abakhweli, izithuthi kunye noololiwe. A ububanzi olukhulu Kerch Strait (photo thaca kweli nqaku) Uyekile ukwenza njengomqobo gqithi.

Okokuqala lifaka 2 wokuweza, ukuthatha nokhwele iimoto imithwalo emgceni. Ke iinqanawa iqelana kunye nabo (uyilo vagonopriemnikov uhlehlisiwe), ukuthuthwa oololiwe abasetyenziswa luluntu. Ezi zithuthi ezibekwe kwiindawo simahla wendibano uloliwe, umphunga okanye ngenqanawa ngokupheleleyo, ngaphandle ukubeka iinqwelo. iinqwelo Knurling wokuweza yakho usebenzisa zikaloliwe ezimbini.

Ngo-1970, kwibhulorho yafakwa ne motor-ezimbini icebreakers wokuweza. Inkangeleko yalo, bambalwa kakhulu abantu baye babe nomdla yintoni na ububanzi Kerch Strait, ngokuba ezi mpahla ezisetyenziswa nkqu ebusika ngaphandle naziphi na iingxaki kwixesha egubungele umkhenkce phezu kwamanzi. Omnye neziye, ice-amaza wakhokela kugqitywe le fairway komkhenkce, yaye ekugqibeleni yesibini kumgca. Kule yee- emva kwexesha, zangamawele, zithabathela ngomnye avtoparom.

ukunqumla umsebenzi emva kokuwa USSR

Izitya ukusebenza iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amane, esibi udinga ngokwala maxesha. ubunzima kwezoqoqosho kunye nezopolitiko eyalandela Ukuwa kweUSSR, waba ukuphela yonxibelelwano kaloliwe ngokusebenzisa Kerch Strait. Ububanzi umzimba ngamanzi kwakhona abe sisithintelo gqithi ngenxa yokuba i neziye abadala icinywe ezindala, neenqanawa amatsha awuthunyelwanga.

Action wokuweza, limise kude 2004, saqalisa emva kokuba ukulungiswa ngokutsha kwecandelo kaloliwe kunye nonikezelo yayo inqanawa enye. I yokuqala ferry womthwalo loliwe zibuyiselwe. Ngowe-2005, oko baxhotyiswa nenye wokuweza kaloliwe.

Ukusebenza kweziko kwiziganeko ezaziwayo-kakuhle wenziwe ngexesha elinye mazwe mabini - Ukraine naseRashiya. Co-nolawulo kulawulwa izivumelwano kurhulumente. Zokuhamba oololiwe uloliwe, iimoto kunye nabantu lwenziwa imini nobusuku.

Ngoku uphuhliso ezithembisayo ngokuphathelele kwibhulorho, yenzelwe ukuba nkulu ukuhamba kwempahla zonganyelwe ububanzi omkhulu Kerch Strait. Neziye kunye nezinye iimpahla kufuneka kuxhomekeka ifoun, nto leyo eya kuphucula inkqubo yokuphatha ukuphucula inkonzo zabakhweli. Kukholelwa ukuba uphuhliso uya kwandisa olukhupha umthamo kwibhulorho, ingakumbi ehlotyeni xa ukuhamba abakhweli kunye nezithuthi kwandisa kakhulu.

Uqhagamshelo Transport ne wokuweza

Kerch Bus - bekhululekile hub yezothutho. Wabeka Inani lweendlela ibhasi ukuba uthathe abakhweli kwizibuko "eCrimea", Yalta, Sevastopol, Simferopol kunye nezinye izixeko iCrimea. Ngenxa yoko yenziwa umyalezo ipoma kungekuphela nje apha kuphuma iindlela ezininzi ezisezidolophini. Center City inxibelelane ezingqonge iidolophu enkosi intshukumo kweebhasi, ngeebhasi kunye ukusebenza umgca ebhasini. Platz Train Station imi emnyango Kerch.

Kerch ibhulorho

Uphuhliso ngokukuko Umthambo zothutho lommandla linxulunyaniswa ulwakhiwo kwebhulorho. Abahlaziyi bakholelwa ukuba indlela ukuthuthwa rhoqo edibanisa Kuban kunye eCrimea, kuya kukhuthaza uphuhliso loqoqosho lwengingqi.

Ngelo xesha langoku, akunamsebenzi nokuba yintoni na ububanzi Kerch Strait kwindawo ethile kwi ichibi ubaleka ngeenxa ezilikhulu impahla. column Amanzi ukufihla intshukumo kwezixa zentlanzi kunye iimfihlelo enamandla izixeko ayenamandla yamandulo, ezikhumbuzo kunye ezininzi iinqanawa ezazikayo of ngamaxesha ahlukahlukeneyo womhlaba.