Kali Linux: imiyalelo ukusetyenziswa, uhlaziyo kunye nengxelo

Kwiimeko zokhuseleko yokusebenza wakha networks yeziko zisoloko le nkalo ibalulekileyo yolawulo. Kuba ekuxilongweni ubukho semngciphekweni kwafuneka ukuchitha umsebenzi omninzi, kwaye maxa wambi nkqu nasemva kokuba wahlala kroba lezihange. zazo ezinjalo lula kakhulu nokufika Kali Linux. Imiyalelo usebenzisa yona becala ifumaneka kuphela IsiNgesi. Loo nkqubo ezingafanelekanga ukuba ukusetyenziswa ikhaya isigxina, kokukhona ayikhuthazwa kwabasaqalayo. Esi sisixhobo professional ukufunda ukuyisebenzisa, kufuna kulungelelana. Kwaye oku kufuna amava ezaneleyo kunye nokuqonda ngokucokisekileyo ukuhamba.

izilumkiso ezibaluleke

Amathuba Kali Linux yokusebenza abanzi ukuze bonke iziyisebenzisayo ukuphucula ukhuseleko lweenkqubo zazo neendlela zazo. Amaxesha amaninzi, iba sisixhobo lula ngenxa yezenzo ezingekho mthethweni-mthetho. Ngako oko ke kubalulekile kusekwangoko ukuthandana ukuqonda ukuba zazo ezithile, nto leyo evumela ukuba enze inkqubo mthethweni. Nkqu ukufakelwa Kali Linux kunye nomsebenzi trial nayo iinjongo zoqeqesho kwamanye amazwe kungakhokhelela imiphumo ebuhlungu.

Njengoko ibhunga encinane kungabangela ingcebiso ukufaka le nkqubo umatshini virtual kwaye kutyhutyha VPN, ukuba awufuni ukuba kuphelele isifundo yayo ezibalulekile. Xa kwaqaliswa isixhobosovavanyo lwemifanekiso kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa izitshixo ukuba siphephe iingxaki kunye nomthetho.

Yintoni Kali Linux

Owandulela Kali kakhulu kakuhle-yaziwa ngezangqa ezincinane BackTrack Linux. Elesibini isekelwe kwi Debian, kwaye inikeza ngexhaso iiphakheji kunye izicelo ukulungiselela i Linux kwinkqubo yokusebenza ekuvumela ukuba wenze lo msebenzi kakhulu ntofontofo ngokusebenzisa izixhobo aqhelekileyo. ukufumana kuba kakhulu lula kwimeko ukuswela iprogram Kali Linux.

Ulwabiwo iquka ngezidingo ezahlukeneyo akuvumela ukuqhuba uphicotho epheleleyo zokhuseleko ukuthintela intrusions. Running iinkonzo, ukufikelela kwikhompyutha ngokusebenzisa uthungelwano osetyenziswa zizicelo ze web, kwaye iSADC ngakumbi kohlalutyo usebenzisa iyafumaneka izixhobo Kali Linux.

Njengoko sele igama libonisa, le nkqubo isekelwe kwi-Linux Kernel. Inguqulelo yokuqala lonikezelo yapapashwa kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama emibini eyadlulayo. Kuye wabaqokelela bonke ezininzi ezingundoqo, ugxininiso eziphambili phezu ukusebenza, kunokuba nomtsalane. Kodwa inkqubo ethandwa, ukusetyenziswa ngendlela ebonakalayo indawo yokusebenzela kukhokelele imfuneko utshintsho lonikezelo.

Ukubuyekezwa umsebenzisi of Kali becala ezintle. Le nkqubo iye yaba uzinze xa kuthelekiswa ne-BackTrack, uluhlu lweenkqubo eziluncedo eyandisiweyo, kodwa ezinye laptops ngamanye amaxesha indlela yokusebenza uyayeka ukubona eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi Wi-Fi-adaptha. Oku kwenzeka ngexesha usebenzisa Live-run evela USB drive, ingxaki lilungiswa usebenzisa i-adaptha lwangaphandle okanye ufaka indlela yokusebenza kwi-hard drive.

Utshintsho kwi version entsha

Ehlotyeni kade kunyaka ophelileyo wakhululwa Kali Linux 2. Ngenxa ngaphandle uhlaziyo inkqubo iye kakhulu ezinzile nomtsalane interface ukusebenza. Ukongeza, izinto eziluncedo zelayini enjalo elide ngemilinganiselo information technology waba elide ziphelelwe. Ukuba phambi kokuba uguqulelo entsha yimfuneko ukuba bakhangele kwaye ukufaka ngokwabo, kodwa ngoku umsebenzi lwenziwa yi yinkqubo obenza ukuba wazi ngaphandle kokusokola. Ngapha koko, le nkqubo sele usebenza ukuxhasa imo lonikezelo onenombolo.

features technical

Isiseko lonikezelo entsha ye Linux Kernel version 4.0 ifakwe kwi Debian uJessie ukukhululwa. Njengoko imbonakalo-mfanekiso yeprogram elungele njengangoku lusetyenziselwa Gnome 3.14, kunye Yazana nendawo yakho iye yazuza ngesimbo ezihlaziyiweyo kunye interface, le menu ezitshintshileyo kwezinye iindawo.

ibandla ekhoyo

Okwangoku, kukho yezinikezelo ezahlukeneyo, kulula ukusebenza phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Omnye lula ukufumana Live-indibano bemifanekiso ezithandwayo oomatshini virtual, iipakethe ufakelo. Okunye okukhoyo imiyalelo unako ukulandela ukulungiselela ibandla ngokwakho. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, kufuneka umfanekiso eyiyo eqokelelwe ukusetyenziswa ngengalo, umsebenzi nale zibukeke kakuhle igcinwa, ngokubonelela inkqubo multi-eqongeni. Oku kuya kuba kunokwenzeka, umzekelo, ukufakelwa Kali Linux kwi elucwecweni okanye smart.

Kwabo sele unayo inguqulo yokuqala sele ifakiwe, kunokwenzeka ukunyusela owesibini ngaphakathi kwinkqubo. Lwanele ukusebenzisa iseti imiyalelo, kuquka ukwenza unikezelo entsha ufakelo. Iinkcukacha zingafumaneka kule amaxwebhu asemthethweni ahamba.

Ukuqalisa le nkqubo. izisekelo senkolelo

Namakhono enabileyo kwinkqubela-nkqubo kunzima ukwazi ngaphandle ukufunda amaxwebhu Kali Linux. Imiyalelo yokusebenzisa, ngelishwa, ngokohlobo iincwadi eneenkcukacha kwi kulungelelana iyafumaneka kwi indawo esemthethweni ikakhulu IsiNgesi, njengoko ezininzi neminye imithombo. Nangona kunjalo, inani elikhulu abalandeli usinike ekuchithekeni ukuvela ifomu oluneenkcukacha loluntu kweencwadana Russian-lwimi, esekelezwe kwimisebenzi yabo. Ukongeza, kukho iikhosi zoqeqesho Russian njengoko entry-level eliphezulu kakhulu, ngokuba lomsebenzi umsebenzi.

uphuhliso practical

Ukuze ukufunda inkqubo ngokwaneleyo ukuyifaka nangayiphi na indlela ekhoyo kwaye ukhululekile kakhulu, ngokukodwa njengoko iintlobo ngeentlobo ezikhoyo izinikezelo Kali Linux 2 ikuvumela oko. Noko ke, ukulungiselela iinjongo zemfundo, ingakumbi kwinqanaba lokuqala, kungcono ukuba kusetyenziswe kumatshini onesiqhamo. Oku kuya kuba ngokwaneleyo ukuze bafunde iseti izixhobo, nto leyo ziyingxenye, ukuba kusetyenziswa i-interface yomsebenzisi, qala ngokuzithemba indlela le nkqubo.

Ngexesha lokuziqeqesha imiyalelo Kali Linux ukusetyenziswa nakanjani kuyimfuneko. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba OS inomsebenzisi-osisityebi, kunzima ukufunda ngaphandle naluphi na uxwebhu, xa lifakwe iya kufuna ulwenziwo, nto leyo evumela ukuba sizisebenzise kakuhle.

izixhobo zokubhekisa phambili Practical kungcono yenziwe kwi izixhobo ukuthintela iingxaki kunokwenzeka umthetho ukuba amanyathelo ziya kwenziwa ukuba abaphikayo, kwaye ngandlela ubunyani ukuphunyezwa kwazo ziya kubhengezwa amaqela esithathu.

Ukususela ngenduku

Emva kokugqitywa kwesigaba yophuhliso kumsebenzi nenkqubo ufuna ukusebenzisa yona uhlalutyo ukhuseleko kunye nokupheliswa ubuthathaka ibonakele kuthungelwano ezikhoyo kule nkampani okanye ekhaya. Indlela elula ukufaka Kali Linux kwi flash drive, ukuze xa kuyimfuneko, umntu ukulungele ukuqhuba unikezelo bekusoloko c. Yinto kakhulu Kulula ukwenza ukuba uthatha udelelo lo iinkqubo ezizodwa ukuze ukusebenza kwenkqubo yokusebenza, umzekelo, uRufus. Amaxesha amaninzi, kusenokuba luncedo ukuba ugcine iifayile kwi inkqubo yenkxaso efakwe kwi-USB-drive, kwaye kwangoko uqalele. Le ithuba nazo zibonelelwe, kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba imo ukuzingisa echazwe ekuqaleni umxokozelo ngamnye kufuneka uchaze indlela efanelekileyo ethe esingaqalwanga ukuba usebenzise indlela eqhelekileyo live. Ukongeza, ukuba ngobuwena elula ngokwaneleyo ukunamathela 2GB, kwimeko yokugqibela isithuba eyongezelelweyo iyafuneka ukudala icandelo elahlukileyo, apho ukugcina iinkcukacha eziyimfuneko.

Kutheni kuluncedo ukusebenzisa Kali Linux?

Abahlaseli emsebenzini wabo basebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ukuba unga nciphisa ngokubaluleka ofunekayo ukufikelela olungagunyaziswanga kwinethiwekhi ngoku. Ngokomzekelo, ngoncedo Kali Linux uyamxhaxha kube lula yaye lula kakhulu, ngakumbi xa musa ukutshintsha passwords, izicwangciso iintsimbi ukuba zifakelwe khutyaziswe ngokungagqibekanga. Ngelishwa, nkqu iinkampani ezinkulu yenzeka kaninzi. Emva koko, ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha eziyimfuneko - izixhobo zoshishino, inkqubo yonke ayikho nzima kakhulu umntu abanezakhono. Zonke kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba basebenzise izixhobo efanayo ukufumanisa ukuba semngciphekweni ezithethelela ukuba nzima umsebenzi kubantu abanjalo. Umzekelo elula esebenzayo ye uyamxhaxha Wi-FI-imizila zifakwa namhlanje phantse yonke indlu, singasathethi ke imibutho.

Ukungena kulo network nge Wi-Fi

Ukuzivula Wi-Fi-umzila ngokwaneleyo ukuze ukucwangcisa nokuhlela zokuvula. Kwangalo izixhobo-ngesantya esiphezulu kuthatha ixesha elininzi. imizila Modern asebenza kwi protocol WSP yenzelwe lula isakhelo somsebenzi womnatha. Asingabo bonke abasebenzisi baqonde ukhuseleko iinethiwekhi ze-wireless, kufuneka bonke uncedo kunokwenzeka hlengiso zabo. Ukusebenzisa lo protocol, akusafuneki ukuba izicwangciso WPA / WEP encryption, ekukhuseleni ngokuchasene ufikelelo olungagunyaziswanga, ngesandla, ukuba, njengoko igama womnatha, ngokuzenzekelayo yi ukucinezela iqhosha kwi umzila. Great, kubonakala, ingcamango, kodwa, njengoko kudla ngokwenzeka, uze emva koko wafumana sesichengeni usebenzisa ukuba igama nga aqhekekileyo ngeeyure ezimbalwa.

Asikuko kuphela ukuba khowudi WSP PIN iqulathe abalinganiswa 8, owokugqibela apho i checksum, izimamva ezinokuthelekiswa uwuqwalasele iibhloko kunokuba yonke, kunye result ukuba inani lwendibaniso ezenzekayo lifinyele ku 10998. Usebenzisa Kali Linux, Wi-Fi-network nge WSP ifakiwe lomnqweno yimfumba kuyinto elula, yaye akuyomfuneko ukuba ixesha elininzi. eliluncedo ezaneleyo, nto leyo eya kujongana iliso womnatha, yaye enye into ephathelele umhlola PIN. Ecacileyo omkhulu, sinokubona indlela kulula kwaye fast kuyenzeka kwi umzila ekhaya.

Ngoko ke, ukuba uzikhusele ngokwakho, kungcono ukuba ukhubaze WSP kwi zendlela, apho olu khetho lukwazile khutyaziswe ngokungagqibekanga. Kungenjalo, wonke ummelwane, nokuba umfundi uya kuba nako ukudibanisa kwinethiwekhi niwaxhaphaze kuyo. Imiyalelo yokusebenzisa ilula, yenye umzekelo zixhaphakileyo zonke izinto ezisingelwe kule nkqubo yokusebenza.

Kali Linux WiFi: lokubulala

Ngokufutshane, usebenzisa umyalelo iwconfig imisela ukufumaneka umsebenzisi womnatha (idla ibizwa ngokuba wlan0, kodwa inokuba nomahluko).

Emva koko siqala iliso interface esebenzayo:

airmon-ngstartwlan0

Ukuze ufumanise ukuba yeyiphi Inethiwekhi ngakumbi, baleka lo myalelo ulandelayo:

airodump-ngmon0

Apho mon0 - ligama ngaphambili kuphehlelelwa esweni.

Kuzo zonke kuluhlu ubonakala unomdla kuphela kwezo networks ukuba uwafakile WSP. Ukuze ubone kubo, sebenzisa umyalelo

Zokuhlamba-Imon0 -C

Ngoku ungakhetha nawuphi na oyithandayo ekujoliswe kwaye uqala nokukhethwa ikhowudi PIN:

Reaver -I mon0 -b -a -vv

Kukho BSSID ebhaliweyo evela ngenxa umyalelo wangaphambili. Ukuba yenziwe ngendlela eyiyo, ekuqaleni amandla ndisisilo. Kwi-avareji, uthungelwano echitha iiyure ezine ukuya kwezintandathu. Ke ezinye iimodeli ezintsha zendlela babe ukhuseleko ngokuchasene nohlaselo kwi-WSP, wamnqamla kakhulu emva inani elithile yokuzama akuphumelelanga.

Kwaye nje le yenye kwicala Kali Linux. Imiyalelo zokusetyenziswa ziza kunika imbono yenkqubo.