Isifo hydatid: eqongeni. Umjikelo wobomi Echinococcus

Echinococcosis - enye usulelo ezinzima helminth ezondeleyo ebantwini, nto leyo ibangelwa yehagu iintlobo Echinococcus granulosus, ezizezi enye lwalukumanqanaba alo ubomi - ngumbungu. Ukususela kulo, ke, kukho loo ukubunjwa njengoko Finn emele kwiqamza, owawufikelela ubungakanani enkulu ngokwaneleyo, nobunzima neekhilogram eziliqela ngenxa ikhontenti yayo bolwelo.

host wethutyana yaye final

host esiPhakathi yale helminth babe ngabantu nje kuphela, kodwa iinkomo, iimpuku ezahlukeneyo kunye nezinye izilwanyana. Makhe siqwalasele umjikelo wobomi Echinococcus. Le Isidleli angaqala uphuhliso yayo phantse naliphi na iziko okanye izihlunu, kodwa uninzi le ndawo isibindi kunye nemiphunga. Njengomgaqo, isifo hydatid ifumaneka sele sikwinqanaba emva kwexesha zophuhliso, njengoko kungekho bungqina clinical alubonisi kwiminyaka yokuqala embalwa, oko kukuthi ngxaki iphambili yale sifo. Ngokwesini ntshulube abaqolileyo parasitize emathunjini of canids, ezifana iingcuka, leengcuka, sisikhundla seempungutye, izinja, ngoko ke umkhosi wayo esichazayo.

Inkcazelo emfutshane ye Echinococcus granulosus

Okokuqala, kufuneka uqonde into echinococcus, yaye ziziphi iimpawu nesakhiwo sayo. Ukusuka namanye amalungu iklasi yakhe encinane ngobukhulu, ukususela nge-2 ukuya kwi-11 mm - ubude strobila (chain uziziqwempu entshulube abadala). Kwakhona ngayo intamo, scolex (intloko), ifakelwe phehla kunye nkawu amagwegwe eentsika iilekese ezine ukhonza qhoboshela eludongeni emzimbeni. Strobila iquka proglottids ngokuqhelekileyo 3-4 kuphela (ingxenye), apho kuphela yokugqibela iquka vitellarium, oveza ukuya amaqanda 800.

Ungenwe Epidemiology

Man (host intermediate) gciwane ngomlomo. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba tapeworm kunayo waphawula kwimimandla esemazantsi. Australia lirekhode inani elininzi zizifo. Ukongeza nesimo sezulu, indima edlalwe imfuyo. Ngoko ke, ubuncinane esi sifo kwenzeka ku Kazakhstan, apho wokufama iigusha kuqhelekile. Kukho echinococcosis ekucaca ukuba abantu abasebenza kulo entsimini, besidla inyama ezingcolisekileyo okanye isibindi. Ukongeza, ungafumana bagula ngenxa ezingahlanjwanga iziqhamo nemifuno, ekrwada amanzi, nto leyo ukuze aphuhle amaqanda entshulube yehagu. Okwangoku, umzekelo, kwilizwe efana neyethu, abantu bayosuleleka ukunxibelelana nezinja, ingubo leyo isenokuba amaqanda amaphelo okanye iinxalenye isilwanyana emva defecation.

Umjikelo wobomi Echinococcus

Makhe sihlolisise lo mbuzo. Echinococcus (Scheme zalo zophuhliso) kwempilo elula. Yonke lento iqala nesibakala sokuba sisidleleli senzeka apha emathunjini amancinci izilwanyana akwi usapho canids (izinja, iingcuka kunqabile). Xa ndlovu kokuqola ngokupheleleyo, izahluko zayo leyo bayakwazi intshukumo ozimeleyo, ukwandisa ngaphandle ukusuka endleni wenkomo, ebangela ukuba ukurhawuzelela kakhulu. Kulo ceke, equlethe inani elikhulu amaqanda iintsuba. Ngenxa yoko, amaqanda amaphelo e-bume: kwi ingubo lesilwanyana, ingca, amanzi, izinto zendawo.

Qaphela ukuba amaqanda Echinococcus, kwakunye nezinye helminths ukumelana kokusingqongileyo lukunyamezele asezantsi obushushu yokomisa, kunye nokusebenza kwabo, umzekelo, engceni igcinwe ukuya kwiinyanga 1.5. Ngoko ke, ubomi mjikelo Echinococcus iqala ngo amaqanda, neziye zithi ke ngoko yeyela umntu okanye esinye isilwanyana emanzini, iziqhamo okanye ezingahlanjwanga ngezandla. Kumzimba owosulelekileyo lwenzeka inqanaba invasive - inqanaba lophuhliso, ophuma kwi host entsha. Apha, ukususela yeqanda ngalinye uyaphuma yile mibala, ebizwa hexacanth leyo uphelelwa isikhumba sayo lalingqingqwa kwaye namagwegwe azo kuqaliswa nge eludongeni obhityileyo inqanawa igazi, ukufumana egazini kwesibindi, ngoko emiphungeni. Emva koko ke Ukubolekisa hexacanth zenkqubo kusichukumisa kungena kwiziko, waya esihlunwini okanye ithambo.

Isigaba esitsha

Ngaphezu koko, umjikelo ubomi Echinococcus ongena kwisigaba esitsha, kwaye oncosphere ajikwa Finn. Finn i sinomoya ezele ulwelo equlathe scoleces imali enkulu. Apha Finn likhula, ukufumana izondlo esikule apho infests.

isifo Hydatid - sisifo esibangelwa lilo kuphuhliso yeqonga worm measled. Hydatid bubble isenokuba single-gumbi okanye multi-gumbi. Xa abantu kwenzeka isikakhulu uhlobo lokuqala zinomphezulu amaqamza ezincinane - abaxhasi. Ngenxa yoko, bubble hydatid zaphembelela inwebu ejikeleze unika nokusebenza ngokuchanekileyo asebumelwaneni izibilini enza izinto eziphilayo uvelisa ityhefu.

Kwakhona, iqamza unakho ndiziqhawule okanye baqalise ukuba kukhule, oko kuyingozi kakhulu kwaye nokuba kukhokelela ekufeni isigulane. Kanjalo wakhulula scolexes kunye amaqamza amancinci uya kunika nesifo zinabe kakhulu. Kuphela kweli nqanaba ngenxa ubukhulu kuyenzeka ukubona sifo. Kwi zigaba ngaphambi indlela entsha iyasetyenziswa, apho akunamsebenzi ubukhulu sisidleleli - tsepping.

Kuba baninzi iminyaka, utyando akahambanga ukuba iyeza, ukususela kulo mzekelo kukho ikhefu eFinland, uze ukunxila, okungabangela ukuba ngakumbi esinzulu, oko kukuthi ngokuqhelekileyo amaphela. Xa ingqalelo umjikelo Echinococcus ubomi obufutshane, kucacile ukuba nangabo emzimbeni zokugqibela (main) umkhosi esosulelwa esidla inyama eliphakathi apho afumaneka cyst hydatid.

Ngenxa yoko, emva kokungenisa yi umkhosi omkhulu, lwesinye upheliswe enzyme, apho scolexes abaninzi ekhululekile, yaye nge neendebe zayo sokufunxa ezimbini ziqhotyoshelwe kudonga isifo ethunjini. Kukho ndlovu UBA ngokwesondo aqolileyo, apho Ugqibezela helminth ubomi ngomjikelo. Ngenxa yoko, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba xa umkhosi eliphakathi wobuntu, umjikelo wobomi tapeworm iphuhliswe emzimbeni wakhe. Irubrikhi umthintele kumjikelo kuphuhliso tapeworm.

Iimpawu eziphambili clinical

Ukwandisa ingqiqo yintoni na echinococcus, umjikelo wobomi, isakhiwo, inkqubo yophuhliso layo, kubalulekile ukuchaza iimpawu helminthiasis. Yahlulwe ngezigaba ezithathu sifo, musa zixhomekeke kwasendaweni zokosuleleka amaphelo. Ubude ngqo ukuhamba isigaba zingenakuqinisekiswa ngenxa yokukhula ecothayo cysts tapeworm. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe kuphela ukuba enxulumene kwasendaweni yereyithi amaphelo sokukhula ezi mpawu. Ndizekela kwasentloko, okanye efukamileyo nazimpawu, inyathelo luqala ukungena kulo helminth emzimbeni (oncospheres lokuhlasela) kwaye sihlala kude ukubonakala iimpawu yokuqala, iimpawu echinococcosis. Luphawulwa kungekho naziphi na izikhalazo malunga nesigulane eso.

cysts Echinococcus bavame ezifumaneka kweli xesha ngengozi, umzekelo xa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, hayi ezinxulumene ne sisidleleli, okanye ihlolwe. Noko ke, maxa wambi abosulelwe sinjani kweenwele ngamaxesha athile, ngamanye urticaria okanye ezinye ukusabela oyityhefu komzimba jikelele, ebonisa Echinococcus, ogama isakhiwo kunye nobomi umjikelezo wophuhliso ezichazwe ngasentla.

Isigaba esilandelayo

Oku kulandelwa ebizwa ngokuba yi-step uhlaselo iimpawu, nto leyo luphawulwa uneempawu eziphakathi osulelo sisidleleli. Kukho cyst liye lubekho kakhulu ngobukhulu, oko Oluma inyama osecaleni, nto leyo ekhokelela iimpawu esihambelanayo: Ukuphazamiseka dyspeptic kunye, ukuba wosuleleko localized, njengaxa esibindini blunt ngamaxesha okuwisa iintlungu kunye wesibindi nokwanda (gipatomegaliya). Ngaloo ndlela esizibonakalisa lokuqala echinococcosis. Yintoni na ke, iintlobo lomjikelo wobomi helminths, uthintelo livela - iimpendulo zale mibuzo kuxoxwe ngazo kweli nqaku.

Okulandelayo kuza nqanaba zophuhliso iingxaki, iphawulwa iimpawu injongo iqapheleka ukuba kwenzeka 10-15% amatyala zizifo. Njengokuba kuye kwachazwa ngasentla, oko kungabangela suppuration echinococcus isinyi (cyst), kukho umsantsa ezinomthamo hit ezi zivamvo ezibuhlazarha osecaleni okanye kwisisu peritoneal. Kusenokwenzeka kwakhona ikhatshwe senyongo obstructive, ezenzeka ngenxa nezithintelo ngayo ibile ducts, portal lwegazi kunye nezinye iimpawu, leyo ixhomekeke zalapha ekhaya kwabo helminth (emiphungeni, isibindi, ubuchopho). Umzekelo, ukuba sisidleleli sifakwe esibindini, ukuze kuqatshelwe ukwehla kobunzima, ukungabi namdla, ukugabha, heartburn kunye eructation.

Uphetha it bonke nzima Isigaba lokuhlasela.

imilo

Eqonda ukuba echinococcus, isifo hydatid, iqonga yophuhliso helminthiasis, kuyimfuneko ukuba achaze iintlobo yayo. Kukho iindidi ezimbini tapeworm: hydatid kunye alveolar. Hydatid ivame isibindi futhi yakha lwesinye egumbini elinye. Alveolar, ke, ichaphazela emiphungeni kwaye kwiqamza multi-gumbi. Symptomatology echinococcosis komntu akuxhomekekanga ekuzithandeleni imilo esi sifo: kuyo nayiphi helminth kwimeko luphuhlisa kwaye usebenzisa uxinzelelo amalungu ezikufutshane, ukwandisa ubukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kuyaziwa ukuba ngenxa isakhiwo yayo elula జాబితా IiNkcukacha cysts lula ukuba ukunyanga. Ukuze ayibulale multi-gumbi isinyi ifuna utyando, impumelelo elandelwayo exhomekeke iqondo kweziqu esinganyangekiyo.

unyango echinococcosis

Phakathi iindlela eziphambili unyango zezi zilandelayo: utyando, antiparasitic kunye nonyango nomqondiso. Xa utyando isigulane isuswe bladders hydatid, ngoko buyisela organ okanye inyama abachaphazelekayo. Kulo mzekelo ezinkulu echinococcectomy indlela apho cyst kukuthi ngokupheleleyo ezisusiweyo kunye ezinezikhondo esingxotyeni.

Maxa wambi cysts lokuvula ngqo, ngokususa zonke engamanzi magciwane ngononophelo kwaye ukucoca lweHo- kunye izihlunu ochaphazelekayo ngaphambili, ukuphepha ngokuphindaphindiweyo sesichengeni, wonke ngakumbi. Kwimeko yokusebenza enkulu umonakalo amalungu akwenziwanga. Endaweni yoko, atyumbe unyango antiparasitic kwiziyobisi ezikhethekileyo. Ngaphezu koko, ekunciphiseni iimpawu zesifo usebenzisa antihistamines, antitussives kunye nezinye ngokuxhomekeke uhlobo echinococcosis.

Phakathi kwiminyaka 8-10 emva kokuba umsebenzi kufuneka uhlole-up ubuncinane ezimbini zonyango kanye ngonyaka.

unyango Echinococcus

Ukuze ukufunda kabanzi echinococcus kunye nophuhliso iimpawu zesifo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba sifo kulula ukuthintela, ulandele iingcebiso kuthintelo. Ukulungiselela le njongo, ukuphumeza amanyathelo lwezilwanyana ezithile ukuthintela ukosuleleka kwezilwanyana. Kuyimfuneko ukuba anikele ingqalelo ekhethekileyo abantu abasemngciphekweni, okt abazingeli, abasebenzi slaughterhouse, amafama emfuyo kunye nabanye. Njengoko i Uthintelo ngamnye kwindawo yokuqala kufuneka bangayeku ucoceko buqu, ukuba usele kuphela evela kwimithombo ethembekileyo, wahlamba ngononophelo phambi kokuba uzitye imifuno, iziqhamo kunye namaqunube, kwakunye ukunciphisa wena adibane nezinja singawi.