Iseva Mail on Linux: jikelele kunye yababini

E-mail kubantu abaninzi ikhangeleka ngathi website eqhelekileyo i umsebenzisi-friendly interface, apho uyakwazi ukubhala itekisi kakuhle, qhoboshela imifanekiso uze uthumele imiyalezo ukuba nabahlobo. Nakuba kunjalo, eneneni inzima kakhulu ngakumbi. Ukudlulisela data usebenzisa iiseva ze-imeyl kwi-Linux. Kuyinto abo benza ingonakali, ukunikezelwa kunye nomyalezo nomzila. Eli nqaku liza kuxubusha kakhulu ethandwa iiseva ze-imeyl kwi-Linux, kunye ukuqwalasela indlela abathile kubo.

Uhlaziyo lwezigqibo ukudala inkqubo yokuthumela nokufumana imiyalezo

Ngoncedo lwe-e-mail kwi umncedisi we Linux, ungenza ngokukhawuleza nangokulula nibafaka indlela yabo ukwamkela nokuthumela imiyalezo. I web unemisebenzi izisombululo esele zenziwe, ezo ungacwangcisa kuphela bit "Kugqityiwe." Phakathi kwabo, Kakade, kukho kwakhona anzima ngakumbi kwinkqubo yoqwalaselo, uqwalaselo yayo uboniswe kumzekelo olandelayo Postfix.

Sendmail - ethandwa and fast

Sendmail kungenziwa ngokuba uvulindlela phakathi abancedisi on Linux. Inguqulelo yokuqala wakhululwa emva ngo-1983. Ekubeni Sendmail ubuchule ezininzi kwizikhululo neendawo. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi unanamhla. Fast futhi eliphezulu umncedisi, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuhlangabezana imigangatho yokhuseleko mihla kwaye kakhulu nzima ukubeka up.

Postfix - bhetyebhetye, enamandla kwaye zithembeke

It ekuqaleni ukuze isetyenziswe ngaphakathi IBM Research Centre. imisebenzi emininzi kunye neempawu lathathwa Sendmail. Noko ke, ngokukhawuleza, kuba ikhuseleke kakhulu, kwaye yababini kuthatha ixesha nomgudu. Ingasetyenziswa njengomncedisi imeyile kwi Linux, MacOS, Solaris.

IredMail

Le server kubaluleke virulence enkulu isethi zeempendulo iifayile zoqwalaselo. Ngoncedo lwabo, ungenza ngokukhawuleza achole umncedisi weposi on Linux Web-based and free. It has inkxaso SMTP, POP3 kunye ne IMAP. Le nkqubo wofakelo ngokubanzi ukuthatha imizuzu ngaphezulu kwe-10, ngokuxhomekeke isakhono onomphathi.

Xa inkqubo emisela umncedisi weposi Linux- iRedMail ziya ngokuzenzekelayo efakwe indlela yokujongana iintsholongwane kunye spam. Ukongeza kwezi inokongezwa ukhuselo ngokuchasene amandla ezingenangqondo, analyzers ezahlukeneyo njalo njalo. A ukhetho olukhulu Umncedisi Linux-imeyile lilungile.

IndiMail

Luhlanganisa iiprotokoli ezininzi eyaziwa kunye nobuchwepheshe ukuphunyezwa ukudluliselwa imiyalezo email. Le nkqubo ihlanganiswe ukukwazi ukwenza unxulumano phakathi kwiindawo kothungelwano, umzekelo, lokwabelana ngumthombo imeyile kwiinkampani amasebe ezahlukeneyo. Le nkqubo iyakwazi ukukunyanzela loqwalaselo nezimo kakhulu. Oku kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ngokutsha eziguquguqukayo, apho umncedisi malunga 200. Oku kuyenzeka ukuba wenze ukuhamba komsebenzi IndiMail eziliqela ngaxeshanye.

ngokuxokozela

Postal Linux web-server ezibhaliweyo C ++. Kukho API eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi lokulawula ekudaleni izilinganiso. It has a lot of iimpawu kunye nokusebenza "ngaphandle kwebhokisi." Ixhaswe licandelo iinguqulelo ezaziwayo-kakuhle abaliqela ledatha. Ukuba oyifunayo, okanye kwakhona, ungenza ngokukhawuleza ushintshele ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwelinye. interfaces Umncedisi wababela amalungelo ukuya kwindawo ethile - abasebenzisi, abalawuli, kunye domain umncedisi.

Zentyal

Mhlawumbi uloliwe ilula kakhulu lula yeposi Linux-server. Kuba phantse yonke imiyalelo ze enze useto ujongano ekhethekileyo lomzobo. Ngokusekelwe kumncedisi weposi Linux Ubuntu. Ukongeza imisebenzi okanye izakhono ngokufaka iimodyuli ezintsha. Nge kunokwenziwa amalungiselelo njengomncedisi imeyile yabucala kunye umzila okanye onegunya node phakathi ezintlanganweni eyintloko.

Axigen

Free, enamandla ziyavela umncedisi imeyile esisityebi. Ingasetyenziswa njengokuba kwathi interface layo web okanye ngokusebenzisa naliphi umxhasi e-mail. Yena uyakwazi ukuqokelela iiposi evela bhokisi yangaphandle, ukuvelisa impendulo ngokuzenzekela imiyalezo, lokucoca kubo, kwaye kananjalo elula ukungenisa CSV.

Uqwalaselo kunye Admistration interface yayo Web lakhe. Kubathandi imodeli yolawulo yamandulo - umsebenzi olukhoyo ugqitha umyalelo console.

Iseva ixhasa iintlobo kweenkqubo zokusebenza, kuquka umgca Windows. Inkqubo yokusebenza okubhalwe kakuhle kakhulu kwaye razyasnon imizekelo emininzi kwi website umqambi ngayo.

CommuniGate Pro

iseva Cross-platform bangasebenza imiyalezo ye-imeyile kunye nelizwi. Kuyenzeka ukudibanisa kuyo nge umxhasi e-mail okanye ujongano web kwindawo enye. Ngaba nokufezekisa umahluko kwamalungelo ukufikelela kubantu abambalwa akhawunti. Plugins kunceda ukuhlanganisa iinkqubo anti-virus ezahlukeneyo kunye nezisombululo.

Ukubeka umzekelo inkqubo

Emva kokuphonononga iiseva ze-imeyl kwi Linux kufuneka ukuzibekela enye ngokweenkcukacha ezingakumbi.

Ngokomzekelo, singakwazi ukubonisa ukuba ufake uze ulungiselele Postfix kwi Ubuntu ngayo. Kuthathwa ukuba iintsimbi sele ikhona kwaye indlela yokusebenza iyahlaziywa uguqulelo lakudala.

Into yokuqala ukuyenza - kukuba ukukhuphela kumncedisi ngokwayo. Iyafumaneka kwi koovimba ka-Ubuntu, ngoko ke terminal, uhlobo:

Ngexesha lofakelo, le nkqubo iya kucela ukuba igama lokugqitha elitsha kumsebenzisi ledatha phantsi kwityala lengcambu. Emva koko ke kufuneka liphindwe uqinisekise. Emva koko ke babuze ukuba uhlobo yofakelo anomdla. Emva koko, igama imeyile le nkqubo, apho ungakhankanya - some.server.ru.

Ngoku ke kufuneka ukuba ukudala uvimba ukuba umncedisi. Oku makwenziwe umyalelo:

iingcambu mysqladmin -u -p ukudala iposi.

Le apho imfuneko ukucacisa lokugqitha esibambekayo ledatha.

Ngoku ungaya kwi SQL yam isikhumba kakhulu umyalelo:

mysql -u ingcambu. kwakhona, le nkqubo iya kucela lokugqitha kuyimfuneko ukuba bangene.

Okulandelayo umthetho iseti, nto leyo eya kunceda ukudala umsebenzisi entsha ngamalungelo:

Kwakhona kufuneka amacwecwe database engundoqo, ukudala ngoko kubo unga:

Ngoku mysql console efunekayo akukho elide kwaye uphume kuyo.

Postfix uqwalaselo

Okokuqala kufuneka ubonise kumncedisi, ukufikelela kweziko ledatha, ukuba khangela njani kulo amaxabiso kuyimfuneko. Ukuze benze oku, kuya kuba iifayile ezininzi apho. Basenokuba ibekwe kulawulo / etc / postfix. Nanga amagama abo:

Kufuneka ziqulathe imixholo zilandelayo, phakathi apho umtya lombuzo ifayile nganye iya kuba sisiganeko esahlukileyo:

Igama lomsebenzisi = admin elikhankanyiweyo xa kudalwa itafile;

password = ;

dbname = igama sedata wadalwa;

umbuzo = umbuzo, ngamnye kwifayile ethile;

onke = 127.0.01.

Okunye Ukukhalazela iifayiler:

Ezi fayile uya kumisa lokugqitha ukuze ungene kwi-database, kangangokuba ukufikelela kubo umele ukuba ngandlel 'ukunciphisa. Umzekelo, ilungelo nje, siqine.

Ngoku ke kufuneka ukuba ukongeza ezinye iinketho ku Postfix. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba le layini ilandelayo, endaweni some.server.ru le domain lokwenene.

izitifiketi zokhuseleko

Okokuqala, kuya kufuneka ukudala igunya lokukhutshwa kwezatifiketi, nto leyo eza kuqinisekisa ukuthembeka zonke ezi zatifikethi.

Yenziwe efayilini ngevenkile:

mkdir ~ / CA_new

Kunye yoqwalaselo lwefayile. It iphatha ikhowudi ilandelayo:

A ingcaciso encinane kulo:

• variable C - apha kufuneka ukhankanye lizwe ifomati unobumba-mbini, umzekelo, iRashiya - UR;
• ST - lithetha kummandla othile okanye indawo;
• L - umzi;
• O - igama lenkampani;
• CN - apha kufuneka ucacise domain esijolise isitshixo;
• Idilesi ye-imeyile.

Wadala kwaye isitshixo ngokwayo:

sudo OpenSSL genrsa -des3 Abaxinezelekileyo ca.key 4096

Le nkqubo ekwenza iphasiwedi lweqhosha, nto leyo kuyo nayiphi na imeko kukulibala ntoni.

Ngoku ke kufuneka ukuba uvule Version iqhosha:

OpenSSL Ken -new -x509 -nodes -sha1 -days 3650 -key ca.key Abaxinezelekileyo ca.crt -config ca.conf

Kuya kufuneka ukuba ufake ipasiwedi wadala ngaphambili lweqhosha labucala.

Ngoku ke isiqinisekiso:

OpenSSL pkcs12 -export -ukuze ca.cer -inkey ca.key Abaxinezelekileyo ca.pfx

Okulandelayo ufuna ukwenza weefayili apho ukugcina zonke izitshixo eyenziwe. ulawulo yakhe ichazwa lomncedisi nganye.

mkdir izenzo zesev

mkdir zesev / some.domen.ru

Kwaye udale uqwalaselo yabo;

nano zesev / some.domen.ru / openssl.conf

Ngaphakathi kuyo ifanele ibe izicwangciso ezicaciswe ngezantsi. Bafana ukuya kwabo sele wadala.

Ukujikelezisa isitshixo, sebenzisa umyalelo:

sudo OpenSSL genrsa -passout kudlula: 1234 -des3 Abaxinezelekileyo zesev / some.server.ru / server.key.1 2048

Lo mgca isebenzisa igama 1234. Oku ezifunekayo kwexesha elithile.

Igama lokugqitha ngoku asuswe iqela:

OpenSSL RSA -passin kudlula: 1234 zesev -ukuze / some.server.ru / server.key.1 Abaxinezelekileyo zesev / some.server.ru/server.key

Ngoku kufuneka utyikitye iqhosha:

SERV /some.server.ru/ openssl.conf -new -key SERV /some.server.ru/ server.key -out SERV /some.server.ru/ server.csr OpenSSL Ken -config zesev /some.server.ru/ openssl.conf -new -key zesev /some.server.ru/ server.key Abaxinezelekileyo zesev /some.server.ru/ server.csr

rm -f SERV/ some.server.ru/server.key.1 Uze ususe okwethutyana: rm -f zesev / some.server.ru/server.key.1

Ngoncedo yokuntlokothiswa eyenziweyo iya kuba umncedisi weposi Ungathumela kuphela kwaye ufumane imiyalezo. Ukongeza engundoqo, kukho ezinye iimodyuli ingafakwa ukwandisa ukusebenza. Oku kuya kudala iseva-mvo ngokupheleleyo imeyile kwi Linux ukuba lweshishini.

iimpawu ezongezelelweyo

Iminqongo ilandelayo ingasetyenziswa ukwandisa izakhono womncedisi imeyile, ezifana "spam" okanye ukuhanjiswa kweenkonzo.

• Hlokondiba. interface web kanye umsebenzisi-friendly imeyile. Ukongeza umsebenzi wayo ophambili iye ikhalenda eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi, imisebenzi, kunye nabo. It has a uqwalaselo wasele yesekethe lula.
• Amavisd-entsha. Iqhuba indima ndlela yesango kwaye isetyenziswa ikakhulu ngenxa kokufika ubugcisa ezahlukeneyo. Amavisd-entsha ifumana, okucoca oko kugqiba enoba oko kunokuba yingozi, kwaye ifaka imisebenzi eyongezelelweyo yezinye iimodyuli ukuze ingqinwe.
• SpamAssassin. Nanjengoko igama layo lixela, iyunithi yendela oonobumba ngokungqinelana nemithetho ethile, ukubala spam. Ingasetyenziswa ngokwahlukeneyo kwaye njengenxalenye zeedemon ezahlukeneyo.
• ClamAV. Popular Linux-bume unqulo. It is a software free. Kukwazi ukusebenza iiseva ezininzi ezahlukeneyo mail ukuvavanya iifayile kunye nemiyalezo 'kubhabho'.
• Razor. ostfix. Lo mnqongo igcina checksums imiyalezo spam kwaye anxibelelana ngqo kunye P ostfix.
• Pyzor - esinye isixhobo ukujonga imiyalezo iphathe okanye engento ikhowudi umsebenzisi.
• Fail2ban. A isixhobo ekhusela umsebenzisi akhawunti nxamnye uyamxhaxha passwords amandla ndisisilo. Emva inani elithile amaxesha a IP-idilesi ezithile ivaliwe okwethutyana.
• Weposi. Indlela elula ukwakha uluhlu lokuposa ngokusebenzisa i-interface Web.
• Munin. Isixhobo for yokusebenza kumncedisi iliso. Kuye inani elikhulu plug-in esele zenziwe ukuba ukwandisa izakhono zalo. umsebenzi Izivumelwano Network kungaba ukulandela kwi ishedyuli lula.

isiphelo

Njengoko kubonakala nqaku, ufakelo uqwalaselo lwe umncedisi yinxalenye imeyile ngesandla - umsebenzi elide yaye kunzima. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela iya jikelele ukuqonda indlela esebenza ngayo le nkqubo kwaye bazi amandla ayo kunye semngciphekweni. Kwimeko yeengxaki eziqulunqwe umlawuli uya kukwazi ukufumana ngokukhawuleza yaye alungise le ngxaki. Ingakumbi afanelekileyo ngayo kwiinkampani ezinkulu umsebenzi wakhe uxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwisantya yokuthumela nokufumana imiyalezo kubaxhasi okanye amaqabane. Kuba networks ezincinane kakhulu isisombululo esifanelekileyo "ngaphandle kwebhokisi", kuqashwe nabanako ngokukhawuleza usebenzisa umsebenzisi-friendly interface.

Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthe kwakho ukusilela kumncedisi kuba ixesha elide ukungena nokuqonda inkqubo le yunithi. Eli nqaku phezu umzekelo kumncedisi weposi Postfix ibonisa iindlela ezisisiseko kunye nobuchule ukuseta umsebenzi zaseprayimari. Kunye nenani elikhulu zeemodyuli, plug-ins kunye add-ons iya kudala isixhobo esinamandla kwaye zithembekile yokuthumela nokufumana imiyalezo.