Intlawulo ye pension ukuya umhlala abasebenza Russia

Kule mithetho kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo iye yamkela uthotho nguqulelo ezachaphazela iintlawulo zomhlalaphantsi ukuba iindidi ezahlukeneyo abemi. Umzekelo, ukuba indexation kwentlawulo kwabo umhlala kwayekwa 2016, apho kuqhubeka umsebenzi wakhe. Noko ke, isenzo senziwa kunye sokumakishwa kwakhona, nto leyo ithi xa umntu ugqiba ekubeni ayeke imbali yakho yengqesho, zonke iintlawulo kwaye ukholelwa ukubuya indexation ziya ingahlawulwa. Nguwo lo ke umahluko omkhulu kakhulu. Ezinye intlawulo yomhlalaphantsi ukuba abadla umhlala abasebenza iveliswa phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo njengoko abo sele zigqityiwe umsebenzi wayo kwaye lweholide ngokusemthethweni kunye nokuqinisekisa urhulumente. Kodwa ngokuchasene uqikelelo, ezi ntlawulo ahlale. Phezu awohluke yokuhlawula ye pension ukuya umhlala zokusebenza kunye izibalo zayo eza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku. Ixesha elide kule ndawo iye yahlala izinzile, kodwa kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, ekuqaleni kwenziwe utshintsho oluphawulekayo.

Kakuhle eli kuhlaziyo lomhlala

Kakhulu utshintsho olubalulekileyo baqalisa ukuba bangenele umthetho ngo-2013. Yaba ngeli xesha, amaxwebhu amabini ezakha inqwanqwa elitsha lomthetho sele ityikityiwe. ithi lokuqala ukuba nawuphi na umntu ngokuxhomekeke inshorensi pension, kwaye eyesibini - ukuba inezizathu lonyuselo. Njengoko le mithetho exhaswa sisininzi, ukususela 2015 zonke Utshintsho ukuthatha isiphumo waza waqalisa ukusebenza kwinqanaba ngokusemthethweni. Ngako oko, le jikelele esisigxina ixabiso pension akasenawo.

Uninzi ziingcali oqhuba uhlalutyo imimiselo emitsha bathi okuqhelekileyo na elungileyo, abasayi kuyenza. Kwindawo yokuqala mandundu imeko yemali -mali karhulumente, njengoko neenkampani zabucala inshorensi kunye pension zinika iimeko ezithandwa kakhulu intsebenziswano kunye umhlala. Translation evela kurhulumente ezawo RF Pension Fund ithe isiba umkhwa ethandwayo. Ngokutsho iingcali ezininzi, lo mthetho uqulunqwayo phezu awohluke yokuhlawula ye pension ukuya umhlala zokusebenza - njengesiphumo ngokunciphisa oovimba RF Pension Fund. It ocetywayo ukuba ayeke isalathiso iingenelo, ukuthembela kubudala, ingakumbi abamkeli, abo uhlele umsebenzi.

Ngokutsho manani, abadla ukusebenza wamkela abantu malunga-220 000. Ke ukuba kurhoxiswe kweentlawulo pension ukuya umhlala zokusebenza ziya kusekwa ngumthetho, urhulumente uza kuba nako ukusindisa 16 billion engange. Emva kweminyaka embalwa nokusebenza komthetho, eli nani liya kuba-60 billion kakade.

Kwenzeka ntoni umhlalaphantsi emva kokuba bangene amandla kuphuculo elitsha?

Kangangoko kakhulu kuphuculo kufuneka ukwakha inkqubo entsha yokubala umhlala kunye nemiqathango kufuneka yabelwe phantsi kwayo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ukuba izibalo ziye zaziswa zobuhlali, ubungakanani elandelwayo exhomekeke kwimbali yomsebenzi yomntu: ubude iyonke yenkonzo, ukutsala emvuzweni kwingxowa irhafu. Ngokutsho komthetho-F3 400, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ifomula imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: SP (index figure insurance umhlalaphantsi) = IPK (inani lamanqaku) x CPC (iindleko ngokungqinelana ne-IEC) + PV (inxalenye esiqingqiweyo se-iintlawulo zomhlalaphantsi).

Phantsi imithetho emitsha eyamkelwe umthetho lwangoku, ngomhla wokungenela ukusebenza iimfuno ezintsha ze ubungakanani kweentlawulo pension ukuba zibalwe ngokutsha ngokwefomyula eyenzelwe iseti. Noko ke, urhulumente ugcina ukuba zonke iimeko ngaphambili waqukumbela, uya ihlonitshwe kwaye ithathelwe ingqalelo xa ekubumbeni intlawulo yokugqibela yenyanga.

Ethetha wayenemfuyo, singatsho ukuba ukuyilwa imali ethile ngenyanga aliguqukanga. Zonke inguquko ajongene kakhulu kwicala lomthetho, kuba wadalwa uxwebhu olunye emisiweyo apho onke amalungiselelo afanelekileyo babesele emiselweyo.

I-inshorensi yinxalenye umhlala zokusebenza

Phantsi komthetho wezabasebenzi wangoku, kwimeko apho umntu unelungelo lokuba umhlalaphantsi ngokusesikweni, kodwa akazange akwenze oko ngenxa yezizathu sabo, ukuba uyakwazi phinda imali yabo. Iyakwalela Ukuba umsebenzi onjalo xa kuqala karhulumente ubudala-ezifane akayi. Kodwa ngoku ngokutsha inkqubo, njengoko apho intlawulo yenziwe yomhlala ukuba umhlala zokusebenza, izicwangciso zakhe. Ukuba sithethe ngayo inxalenye inshorensi, indlela yokubala yayo unenzondelelo iinguqu ezibalulekileyo. Ngoko ke, ukuba phambi komthetho omtsha enza asset pension elide okanye eyinkunzi, ukuba umhla, bonke indices baguquka ibe amanqaku.

Le ngxabano Inqaku le-18 lomThetho Federal "On umhlala labour", nto leyo ithi ukuba accrual-inshorensi inxalenye senziwa ngokwesiseko data ekhoyo kwi umntu kwi-RF Pension Fund. Noko ke, xa kusenziwa kukho ingxelo ngamnye, nto leyo yenza isiseko kubungakanani bentlawulo. iindlela zifuna indlela ngamnye kunye nocazululo imeko ngasinye ngokwahlukeneyo. Le nkqubo iye yaba lula kakhulu nokufika iinkqubo ngekhompyutha ekwaziyo ukwenza zonke izibalo ngendlela oluzenzekelayo.

Ukubala we pension oluqhelekileyo

inxalenye exhaswayo asithatyathwa ngenxa yesizathu. Enyanisweni, ubonelela ubomi nabantu ngokwabo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ukuba umahluko phakathi kweendlela ezintathu yokuhlawula inxalenye ezongezelelekileyo: inkqubo ngexesha elinye-, ezingxamisekileyo (ngokuqhelekileyo luqhutywa ngokusebenzisa isicelo esithile) kunye inxalenye inkxaso (apho ihlawulwa ngurhulumente ubomi emva kweminyaka yomhlala-phantsi). intlawulo nganye iya kwenziwa kuphela ngamnye, kwaye abanye bokuqonda. Umbuzo ibinjani inkqubo sele iintsilelo kujongwana kwimeko nganye.

Ukwenziwa kwezilungiso izinto kwakhona ukuba ihlawulwe njenge ipension

Emva ekuqaleni 2015 urhulumente yaphakamisa umbuzo njani kuyacetyiswa ukuphumeza inkqubo ukuqokelelana pension kwabo abancinane, owazalwa ngo-1967. Noko ke, kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba abo bantu baye bagqiba ukuba kusilungele, ukuba ukudlulisela pension yabo imibutho engekho phantsi korhulumente, baye bakwazi ukuyila inkqubo yokugcina. Abantu abaye akasifakanga naziphi na amabango agcinwa ngokuzenzekelayo inxaxheba kwinkqubo beqokelela pension.

Njengomgaqo, nayiphi na inxalenye Iintlawulo zomhlalaphantsi zilungiswe ngokungqinelana neenguqu kwinkalo zentlalo okanye ezoqoqosho zobomi. Kaninzi oku kwenzeka ngo-Agasti kunyaka ngamnye, nto leyo ubala kwaye computes inxalenye engakhange abhalwe ngaphambili. Kwimeko ye Pension Fund kaRhulumente igqibe ukunyenyisa ubungakanani iintlawulo kwimeko ngamnye, isixa-mali esisashiyekileyo ufumana umntu emva kokuba isibini kweenyanga ukususela kumhla wokufakwa kwesicelo.

Isigqibo ukuvala isalathiso ukulungiselela umhlala didi ukusebenza

Ngowe-2016, phezu liphulo Ministry of Labour, kwaye kwagqitywa ekubeni ukwenza indexation yezibonelelo kwabo sele ifikelele yobudala yomhlala-phantsi, kodwa uqhubeke ukusebenza. Ukongeza, lo mthetho ngokusemthethweni kude kube ngu-2019. Lelo lungiselelo liye lasekwa isekelwe kwinto yokuba abantu abafumana umvuzo, akunjalo kakubi ezifuna indexation oluqhubekayo, ngenxa yokuba kukho umthombo wengeniso.

Ukongeza, umthetho phezu intlawulo yomhlalaphantsi ukuba abadla umhlala zokusebenza inikeza:

1. Imbuyekezo emva umhlala-phantsi.
2. Ukunyuka isixa esiqingqiweyo intlawulo kwimeko umntu ngumgadi okanye umzali womntwana egulayo.
3. Yandisa kwiinzuzo phambili afike kwiminyaka engamashumi asibhozo.
4. Zibalwe ngokutsha xa ukukhubazeka okanye amava omsebenzi ezongezelelweyo, nto leyo kuthathelwa ngqalelo ngaphambili.

Kuyinto yimpazamo ukucinga ukuba umthetho omtsha ukuhlawulwa pension ukuya umhlala zokusebenza ziyakupheliswa. Oku kurhoxiswa kuphela isalathiso yayo. A kunokwenzeka phantsi kweemeko ezithile kunye recalculation.

Imali yomhlalaphantsi emva nokugxothwa

Ke kaloku kamsinya nje 2016 PF kufuneka babhale into yokuba umntu emva kweminyaka ethile ukuze uqhubeke usebenza. ulwazi olongeziweyo malunga umsebenzi kufuneka anikwe umyalelo olusisinyanzelo umhlalaphantsi. Kwimeko apho lo nto ngesizathu esithile umntu ugqiba ukuba unelungelo lokuba ukwandisa ipension, kungafikelelwa qho ngamnye ukuba isicelo ngokutsha kunye recalculation le mali ekhoyo.

Ukongeza, ukuba lowo udla umhlala sele umhlala kwaye isicwangciso akusekho ukusebenza, kufuneka nazo zingenise le ngcaciso isebe pension, indawo yokuhlala, kuba ngaphandle kwalo akukho nto ukuqala indexed ngokuzenzekelayo. Njengomgaqo, nezikhokelo usoloko kunceda ukunyusa ubungakanani intlawulo iinzuzo zomhlalaphantsi. Le recalculations eziyimfuneko kwenziwa ekupheleni kwekota. Ekufumaniseni ukuba ingaba umsebenzi umntu yotsalo ethile yobudala indexation unganikezelwanga.

Ngaba intlawulo pension ukuya umhlala zokusebenza ukurhoxisa?

Ngenxa uphuhliso lwakutsha nje kule intsimi, umba inkxalabo kwabaninzi. Lo Mthetho osaYilwayo yokuhlawula ipension ukuba umhlala zokusebenza kubonelelwa kuphela ukupheliswa indexation. Nokukhutshwa kwezibonelelo zemali ngokunxulumene imbuyekezo kwixesha elizayo akayi kucinywa. Nangona Ministry of Labour iye ecetywayo intlawulo pension entsha umhlala zokusebenza, ngokwendlela leyo, ukufumana kubo abantu abafanelekileyo, kuhlenga ngenxa yokuba ingeniso zazo eziphambili ayidluli engange million 1 ngonyaka. Kodwa lo siphakamiso 76% iivoti ezimbi xa ucinga ingxoxo yoluntu. Ngoko ke, lo mthetho uqulunqwayo phezu awohluke yokuhlawula ye pension ukuya umhlala zokusebenza iye yamkelwa.

isiphelo

Kuba 2017 intlawulo yomhlalaphantsi ukuba abadla umhlala ukusebenza belingana nabantu abaye benqaba ukwenza imisebenzi umsebenzi. Ekuphela mahluko - ekumeni indexation. Kodwa uRhulumente, ngokukhawuleza nje umntu ugqiba ukuphelisa imisebenzi yayo, siya kuba nelungelo lokufumana imbuyekezo.