Intandane: amalungelo kunye nenkxaso. Housing intandane

Ngelishwa, kwilizwe lethu kukho abantwana abaninzi ngenxa yezizathu okanye omnye abanazo nabazali. Kweli nqaku endifuna ukuthetha ngayo amalungelo umntwana intandane ngubani onoxanduva lokuphumeza yabo.

Ezingembono

Okokuqala ngokuqinisekileyo isigqibo malunga nezimaphambili ezingundoqo, nto leyo eya kusebenza kuwo i-nqaku. Ngoko ke, makhe sibone ukuba ngubani kufuneka ngokuba wayeyinkedama. Ngabo aba abantwana abangakhange eminyakeni yobudala emntaneni, okt. E. eyi-18 ubudala, yaye abazali (elinye okanye zombini) abaye bafa. Nangona kunjalo, kukho abantwana ngasekhohlo ngaphandle ukulondolozwa ngabazali. Olu didi lungaquka abo abantwana abanabazali musa ukulufezekisa uxanduva lwabo ngenxa yesizathu esithile (uvalelo lwakhe, zanyamalala, unyango kumaziko ezizodwa, njalo-njalo. D.) Okanye evinjwa amalungelo lobuzali. Le asinto wayeyinkedama. Musa ukubhidanisa ezi magama mabini.

nokuqashwa

Ngenxa umntwana yinkedama usenokuvakalelwa kukuba amalungelo abo akhuselekile? Ethatha inxaxheba kule ezizodwa amaqumrhu karhulumente. Ngoko ke, iya kuba:

• ukugada trusteeship;
• Ministry of Protection loLuntu;
• ikhomishini ezindabeni abangabantwana;
• Ombudsman for Children.

Kufuneka wathi imisebenzi yazo zonke ezi iinkonzo ngokusondeleyo zilandelayo ofisi yomtshutshisi, liqhuba uhlolo ngamaxesha. Abantu musa besenza umsebenzi wabo, uya kuphindezelwa ngokomthetho.

amalungelo substantive

Ngoko ke, amalungelo wenza umntwana yinkedama? Kuthiwa ukuba yahlulwe iindidi ezimbini: ezibonakalayo kunye nezo zingabonakaliyo (ilungelo lemfundo, lokuphola, umsebenzi, njl ...). Ke ukuba inxenye umntwana zonke eziyimfuneko ukhona, ngoko ke bafanele ukufumana indawo kumaziko emfundo zokuhlala, kwakunye kwisondlo ongenayo-free. Kwakhona, kabini ngonyaka, umntwana kufuneka ahlolwe axilongwe ngokupheleleyo. Urhulumente ubophelelekile ukuba unike isiphumo ngokupheleleyo kule kids iimpahla kwaye zonke ezi zinto ziyimfuneko izinto zokufunda. Yaye ukukhululwa kwisikolo esibhodisayo ukuba banelungelo lokufumana imali ethile isixhobo lobomi bakhe. Kubalulekile bekuya kuba yinto yokuba iinkedama kufuneka kuhlawulwa ngenxa ezinomsebenzi obewenziwe phakathi internship okanye ukuqeqeshelwa. Kwakhona abafundi wayekhwela banelungelo ukuhamba simahla kwizithuthi zikawonke (ngaphandle itaxi), banakho ukufumana amatikiti simahla ezahlukeneyo kumaziko ezempilo kunye neenkampu zempilo. Kakade ke, emva kokukhululwa umntwana zokubhoda inkedama unelungelo lokufumana lwezindlu zoluntu free.

ilungelo engaphathekiyo

Abantwana abaye abaziinkedama, kwaye kananjalo babe uluhlu lwamalungelo ezingaphathekiyo. Olokuqala unelungelo lemfundo. Oku kuthetha ukuba umntwana, nantoni na ke isimo sakhe, kufuneka afumane imfundo yinxalenye ezikumgangatho ophezulu (kuquka zokubhoda). Kwakhona, xa ukwamkelwa kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo, abantwana abanjalo banelungelo kwiikhosi zoqeqesho, bona banamalungelo athile phezu nabanye abantwana (ngexesha wokwamkelwa). Kufuneka kwakhona wathi abantwana abazinkedama ukufumana imfundo ephakamileyo simahla kubo bonke kuhlawulwa ngurhulumente. Ukongeza, ukuba banelungelo lokufumana mali ekhethekileyo, kungakhathaliseki amanqaku. Yintoni enye kuni ilungelo kweenkedama? Kakade ke, ilungelo lokusebenza. Inokuthetha ntoni? Ummi okwesihlandlo sokuqala ndifuna umsebenzi kwaye zibhaliswe inkonzo emsebenzini, uvumelekile ukufumana kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala uphendlo umvuzo avareji ekuhlaleni. Ukuba emsebenzini, apho inkedama imisebenzi, kukho unciphiso, umqeshi unyanzelekile ukuba ukuphinda-ukufundisa ilungu labasebenzi ukuba aqhubeke amalungiselelo okukhethekile yakhe kwindawo entsha emsebenzini.

Ilungelo kwizindlu

Qiniseka ukuba athi ukuba iinkedama banelungelo kwizindlu, nto leyo kunyanzelekile ukuba ukunika ukuba kurhulumente. Le yenye iziqinisekiso zentlalo ukuba inika le labemi. Namhlanje, Noko ke, kukho ngomahluko igunya ngumthetho, owabakhoyo, ngasizathu sithile, yaguquka noko.

Zinguquko zomthetho

Ngoko njani namhlanje enikiweyo indawo iinkedama? Ukuba kwafuneka ukuba baphume ke Mogi ezamahala ubude square phantsi kwesivumelwano zokuqasha lwentlalo nangoko emva kokushiya iindonga amaziko emfundo ahlukeneyo (kwakunye ekupheleni, inkonzo yamabanjwa emkhosini, njalo njalo. D.), kodwa namhlanje akukho ilula kakhulu. Umthetho ezithile zilungiso notshintsho kwenziwa ukuze afezekise inkqubo yokufumana nepropati bantu. Ukuba iinkedama ngaphambili ukuba ngoko nangoko emva kokufumana ukuze bathengise indawo yabo yokuhlala, namhlanje akunakwenzeka. yezikwere zikhutshwa phantsi kwesibophelelo yokugaya ezizodwa kwiminyaka ukuya ku-5. Ngelo xesha kukho ezinye bokuqonda: le izindlu ayikwazi ukuthatha, ukuthengisa, ukudlulisela lilifa zabanye abantu, ukuba batshintshe baze bathengise.

Izizathu zotshintsho

Kutheni le nto yonke ke wajika, kuba yintoni injongo kwenziwe utshintsho ezinjalo? Oku kungenxa yokuba abantu abatsha, ngubani na iinkedama, anqunyulwe amakhaya abo ngenxa yokungabi namava, ulutsha, emfamekile, kwaye maxa wambi nobudenge. Kwaye ngoko ke kwakhona athi uluntu mahala yezikwere. Ukuze siphephe iimeko ezinjalo, kwaye wenza utshintsho. Ngoku yintandane akukho umnini epheleleyo yesakhiwo apho ke abudlayo, yaye ke ngoko nako ukumenza ethile ukuxhaphaza, kangangokuba kwayo kusala esitratweni.

Ebekelwa lwezindlu

Qaphela ukuba isiseko Russian leenkedama omkhulu ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba yonke loo ndawo ephilileyo. Ngoko ke, kukho uludwe lwabantu kubo urhulumente angabonelela kuzimele square ukuze baziphilise. It Intandane ngaphantsi kweminyaka engama-23 ubudala nangaphezulu abangazange ngaphambili zinikwe lwezindlu. Noko ke, akukho mfuneko yokuba ukudubula elinye igumbi okanye ngamalungu osapho eziqeshe (umzekelo, ukuba yinkedama ndafumana, sele intsapho yakhe entsha). Kwakhona unalo ilungelo lokuba izindlu kunye nabantwana - iinkedama zentlalo (hayi zonke, iindidi ezizodwa), apho, xa abazali babesaphila ngaphandle kwenkxaso.

Into kufuneka ukuba isithuba ophilileyo?

Kuthiwa ukuba abasemagunyeni nokulindwa banoluhlu iinkedama ekufuneka zibonelelwe lwezindlu. Ukuba umntwana yinkedama ubanga ezi mitha azimki, kuya kuqala kufuneka ufumanise ukuba ingaba yena kule luhlu. Enye caveat: kuluhlu ngokuzenzekelayo ukufumana abantwana abaye eneminyaka engama-14 ubudala; ukuba yintandane ngaphezu kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala, naye kufuneka ubhale ingxelo yabo. Iphepha nazo kufuneka ukuba afake iseti yamaxwebhu:

• isitifiketi sokuzalwa;
• ikopi yencwadana yokundwendwela;
• iikopi zamaxwebhu, leyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana lowo wayeyinkedama.

bokuqonda

Kukho iimeko apho ziye abaziinkedama abantwana, kodwa emva kwabo esisigxina yokuhlala, nto leyo ke, abanako baphile. Kwimeko enjalo ke kuyimfuneko ukuba angenise amaxwebhu afanelekileyo. Kukho ngokuqinisekileyo baya kudinga ikopi izigqibo zenkundla ngokuphathelele into yokuba umntwana akakwazi ukuhlala kule ndawo. Izizathu oku kuba ubomi embalwa:

• Ukungafani izindlu imigangatho yococeko;
• ohlala abantu abaphethwe zinezigulo ezingapheliyo kakhulu (ingxelo yezonyango);
• nakwenzeka ngokuhlalisana esekelwe kwiziphumo ikhomishini kwamasebe.

Kananjalo kufuneka bakwazi ukunika kunye yokundwendwela yobugcisa izibonelelo kunye nebar isatifiketi sobhaliso karhulumente.

Nini yaye phi?

Xa libonelela ngenkxaso yeenkedama, ukuba umntwana ufuna indawo yokuhlala? Ngoko ke, lo kuzimele square inokunikwa ukuya yobudala emntaneni, ukuba umntu uthe wafumana amandla osemthethweni ngokupheleleyo. Kwaye emva kokuba umntwana ushiye indawo yokufunda, apho wanikwa yokuhlala. Yiyiphi imithetho zikhethiwe izindlu yeenkedama? Kuxhomekeka ngokuzimisela leenkedama, ukuze kulungiselelwa:

• nendawo yokuhlala;
• lokuzazisa Primary kwindawo ethile (apho umntwana bafika kwizintlu eluvalelweni kuqala);
• esekelwe kwi indawo kwiziko lemfundo, leyo wayigqiba umntwana uyintandane;
• kwindawo yengqesho;
• indawo iintsapho host.

yezimfuneko izindlu

Kuyimfuneko ukuba kuthi ukuba iinkedama kufuneka anganikwa izindlu ukuba nayo yonke imigangatho yezempilo. Ngaloo ndlela, kunokuba mhlawumbi indlu okanye iiflethi, ezinye iindidi iindawo abavumelekanga ukuba ahlale. Izindlu kufuneka ohlayo (hayi kubi ngaphezu zikamasipala izibonelelo, iidolophu, iilali). Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba inani square metres, okuthiwa ukuba umntu ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Kwakhona ayamkelekanga ukuba igumbi kumgangatho ongaphantsi okanye imbala, ngendlela ezidilikileyo okanye kuyingozi ukuhlala ekhaya. Kukwasebenza kwanjalo kuyo endlwini eyodwa - kodwa akufuneki abe kwimeko eyingozi.