Ingaba nokungalali lwamalungelo ukungahlawulwa zezohlwayo yaqaliswa? Umthetho omtsha ukuhluthwa amalungelo ukungahlawulwa zezohlwayo

Ngokutsho manani, kwi-Russian Federation, kukho malunga ne-37% abaqhubi abanamatyala. Kumalunga 450 amawaka abemi. Makhe sibone kanye phezu oyilwayo, nto leyo ethetha ukuhluthwa amalungelo ngokusilela ukuhlawula imali.

malunga bill

Namhlanje, Ngokwezibalo, wonke umhlali wesithathu Russian Federation abe mvume lokuqhuba. Ukongeza isatifikethi, kukho abemi abaninzi kunye namatyala. ingaba nokungalali lwamalungelo ukungahlawulwa zezohlwayo yaqaliswa? Xa kunjalo, ukuba ityala ayihlawulwanga kwithuba ukususela ngoJanuwari 15, 2016 isininzi abanamatyala kufuneka zonke ithuba ahlale ngaphandle kwephepha-mvume, ngokunxulumene wokutyikitywa bill № 661379-6. Ngenxa kuye, izohlwayo yomelele kakhulu ukuba abaqhubi ngaphandle kwephepha-mvume. Ngokutsho masekela kaRhulumente Duma, lo mthetho uyilwayo omtsha iza kuba negalelo ekukhuleni nokuhlawulwa kwamatyala.

Ukuzikhupha ukuba ilayisensi yomqhubi ngokusilela ukuba ahlawule inkxaso umntwana?

October 17, 2015 urhulumente Russian isalelo № 661379-6 «On ukuqaliswa utshintsho kummiselo kazwelonke" On yeNkqubo yoLawulo "kunye nezenzo zomntu ngamnye of Russia". Kulo mba, kwimeko non-intlawulo yetyala isondlo ecikizekileyo ezibalaseleyo kakhulu engange amawaka alishumi, onetyala uya kuhluthwa-mvume lokuqhuba. Oku sisingisele izithuthi nje kuphela, kodwa kubo bonke ezinye iindlela zothutho.

Ngenxa oyilwayo entsha, bailiffs litigatory awususe amalungelo abo banamatyala xa imbuyiselo ukuya ukuba ityala isondlo ngokupheleleyo. Nokungalali amalungelo ngokusilela ukuhlawula izohlwayo zeziphoso zendlela ziya kuba kunqabile kakhulu ngenxa yokuba uninzi bawadibanise ayidluli isinyuko ubuncinane oyilwayo. Kunye nezinye iintlobo imeko ityala yahlukile, njengoko isikakhulu izohlwayo non-ukuhlawula isondlo, mboleko kunye neenkonzo zoluntu ezenza imali kunokuba enkulu. Umthetho on ukuhluthwa amalungelo ukungahlawulwa zezohlwayo kuya kubandakanya izilungiso imithetho yase kunye nezinye izenzo emisiweyo.

NgokoMthetho kokuthathwa-mvume lokuqhuba

Njengokuba besesitshilo, ombane siphambili kokuthathwa-mvume lokuqhuba - ityala engaphezu udibaniso engange ezingamawaka alishumi. An ngaphandle Kunokuba njalo kuphela xa loo mntu akanalo isixa semali ngexesha elithile ngesizathu esihle. Ukuba ndawo lokungahlawulwa kwemali yaba imeko wawunzima, ityala elo liya kuqwalaselwa ngamnye. Kulo mzekelo, kukho ithuba lokuba amalungelo bahlale kunye inkosi yazo.

Abemi, leyo, ngokutsho oyilwayo, akakwazi kwenza amalungelo abantu

Asinguye wonke umntu kungathatha amalungelo. Kukho udidi abantu ababhalelwayo phantse zinikiwe. amalungelo ngaphambili ukuba akwalikhanyela ukuba umoni ayihlawuli izohlwayo kunye isondlo obalaseleyo. Ngokomthetho omtsha, onetyala ayikwazi singayi kususwa mvume lokuqhuba, ukuba:

• Imali iyonke inkxaso umntwana ziqokelelwe nezohlwayo - ngaphantsi kwe ishumi lamawaka.
• iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba - owona mthombo womvuzo we sisuke. Ngokomzekelo, xa yena umqhubi weteksi.
• Kulo yokuhlala, apho onetyala ahlala, uthutho loluntu kwenza ukuthuthwa abemi okudodobalisa.
• Umntu kucingwa abakhubazekileyo, iyaziwa indlela ethile yomthetho.
• Kwilungiselelo yayo uhlala ummi ithathwa njenge didi ayisebenzi ngokusemthethweni engundoqo okanye yesibini.
• Yena unikwa ithuba lokuba uhlawule ityala ngezavenge. Kwimeko enjalo kusoloko uxwebhu iyakuqinisekisa oko.

Yintoni ukwenza ntoni?

Kuthathwa ukuba wonke umntu onomdla algorithm onetyala ngayo izenzo apho ukuhluthwa amalungelo ukungahlawulwa zezohlwayo ayinako kubulawa ngenxa yezizathu ezinzima. Makhe sijonge ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi, yintoni na kuyenza loo ukufeza meko.

Ukuba umntu onetyala ukolu labo izigaba, nto leyo besesitshilo ngaphambili, into yokuqala ufuna ukungqina oko. Ngokomzekelo, umntu abakhubazekileyo kufuneka ukunika isiqinisekiso sokuba phansi yakhe eqinisekisiwe ngokusemthethweni. Ukuze wenze oku, ukwenza isibheno esibhaliweyo kunye iikopi kubameli zamaxwebhu ukuqinisekisa ekungakwazini ukuhlawula. Sicebisa ukuba ubhale isibheno iikopi ezimbini: omnye zentendelezo kunye enye kuwe xa zokulahleka Ekuqaleni.

Ukurhoxiswa kwe mvume lokuqhuba

Lamkele ummiselo enkulu kakhulu amagunya bailiffs litigatory njengoko kuyo ngokwayo okanye ngokunxulumene nesicelo sombangi for ukungahlawulwa kwamatyala ukuba wenze isigqibo malunga luthintelo ukusetyenziswa deadbeat indlela. Nangona kunjalo, oku kube kuphela ukuba ngaba onetyala phambi wanikela ngokuzithandela ukuhlawula ityala. Ekwenzeni umyalelo ijaji linyanzelekile ukuba ukunika ingcaciso onetyala malunga nokwenziwa kwemisebenzi kunye nengxelo uxanduva lolawulo elizayo. Lo Mthetho ekwavunyelwana igosa lamapolisa litigatory senior, kwaye iikopi ngosuku olufanayo kufuneka zisiwe kummangali, mntu onetyala kunye Ministry of endlela ngenjongo ukwenza umda kuyimfuneko ibe ledatha.

Ukuba isenzo akujongwa isisombululo litigatory okanye ukhutshwe, ngaphandle ebhekisela kuyo, ikomiti egwebayo ngokulinganayo kunye claimer unelungelo ukufaka isicelo ngokurhoxiswa mvume lokuqhuba kwe sisuke ukuba uhlawule ityala. Emva ukumiswa mvume iintsuku ezintlanu, onetyala unyanzelekile ukuba anikezele amalungelo abo. Ukuba sisuke kwi yothuba elithile ayiwenzi, ngoko ke unelungelo ukubatsalela kutshutshiso mthetho. Kufuneka kugxininiswe ukuba ayenzi ukuphelisa nokuhlawulwa kwamatyala.

Ukungaphumeleli ukukhupha ezo isohlwayo

Ngokuqinisekileyo onetyala ngalinye bezibuza into esongela ukuya ukungahlawulwa lemali divestment. kwemali kade amatyala - icala, ngokomthetho Russian, ezinkundleni isohlwayo yolawulo. Ukuba kwixesha elithile ziyatshintsha kwakhona iye bengahlawulwanga, oko sele ngosuku olulandelayo, umqhubi uyakwazi kutshutshiswa yi isohlwayo okanye kokubanjwa kangangeentsuku ukuya ku-15. Kwakhona sisohlwayo kunokwenzeka ngohlobo lwenkonzo zoluntu. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwiimeko ezinjalo maliqhutywe ukuqalela iiyure 50 imigodi. Ngoku uyazi kakuhle into esongela kwi non-ukuhlawula isohlwayo divestment. Ukuba otsizheno iintsuku 15 okanye esebenza ngaphandle inani elithile iiyure, onetyala sisasetyenziswayo linyanzelekile ukuba ukuhlawula amatyala abo. Siyaleza ngamandla ukuba usoloko uhlawule isohlwayo yokohlwaya ngexesha.

Lo mthetho oyilwayo kwamanye amazwe

Phambi ukuyilwa oyilwayo, nto leyo ethetha ukuhluthwa mvume lokuqhuba ngokusilela ukuhlawula imali, i-Russian Federation, amasekela axilongwe zihlalutywe amava kumazwe angaphandle. Umzekelo, e-Great Britain wadala iziko eyodwa ejongene izohlwayo ukukhulisa abantwana. Umbutho ufumana neye esweni okuhlawula amatyala phantsi isondlo. Kwakhona Iziko unelungelo lokuba enze isicelo esibhaliweyo enkundleni ukuhluthwa amalungelo ngokusilela ukuhlawula imali.

KwaSirayeli, kwakunye kwi Russian Federation, ukuvalwa okuqhuba isicelo ukungahlawulwa zezohlwayo esinokwenziwa ukuba umntu ngumntu okhubazekileyo okanye isalamane sakhe. Oku kukwasebenza kwakhona kwabo abamkela ngokusebenzisa iziqinisekiso. Kwi-US, umthetho oyilwayo siyasebenza esebenzayo, obonelela ekunqunyanyisweni mvume lokuqhuba.

Nakuba kunjalo, kufanele kugxininiswe ukuba yonke kummandla izilungiso nezongezelelo leyo yomthetho. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba oyilwayo, nto leyo ethetha ukuhluthwa amalungelo ngokusilela ukuhlawula izohlwayo, inkxaso umntwana, kwaye iyasebenza kumazwe angabamelwane belizwe eli Russian Federation. Umzekelo, e Belarus ukususela-2012 usebenza umthetho phezu nemiqathango elawula ulawulo limaxhaphetshu lori iminyaka emihlanu xa amatyala, yaye Kazakhstan kukho umlomo kunikezelo mvume ukususela ngo-2010. Esebenza de intlawulo epheleleyo sisuke kwetyala.

Kuba oko kungathatha mvume lokuqhuba?

Nokungalali lwamalungelo ukungahlawulwa izohlwayo ingenziwa kwezi meko zilandelayo:

1. Ukuba ngummi akukho ahlawule inkxaso umntwana, kunye nemali yetyala idlula amawaka 10.
2. Xa kuyimfuneko ukuba ahlawule isixa esithile semali lwempilo umonakalo yomnye umntu.
3. Ukuba ungummi eye yabangela eziphathekayo okanye umonakalo yokuziphatha nakubani na.
4. Xa ummi amatyala ngenxa eziluncedo kunye nezohlwayo.

izibalo

Kulo nyaka uphelileyo, uphando lwezenhlalo lwaqhutywa kwizixeko Russian Federation. injongo yakhe - ukucacisa ubudlelwane labemi lo mthetho uyilwayo entsha. Ngokutsho manani, 53% of abahlali musa ukuxhasa isigqibo State Duma. Abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba lo oyilwayo akuyi kunceda ekunciphiseni inani abanamatyala. Kwakhona, ngokoluvo lwabo, lo myalelo kakhulu esilungiselelwe inxalenye labantu ohlala ingeniso oluphakathi okanye ephantsi, kuba abanye angavumelana ijaji ukuba "ngabanye".

47% yabemi abaxhasa oyilwayo bakholelwa ukuba iza kunceda kuyibuyisela kule ndawo yonke amatyala kwaye ndingabasindisi. Inye kuphela into udidayo: uya kubuya ngasekunene emva kokuba lokuhlawula ityala? Ngexesha elifutshane, urhulumente Russian uthembisa ukucacisa umthetho ukuba balisebenzise ngokupheleleyo.

Ngamafuphi

Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo ngenkuthalo kusetyenziswa inqaku 67 lomThetho Federal "On Inkqubo yoLawulo", othintela non-abangahlawuliyo ukuba zindwendwele phesheya. Kuphela kunyaka ngaphambili, Ngokwezibalo ezikhutshiweyo malunga 300 lamawaka. Ii-odolo. Umalunga abaqhubi kunye namatyala. Kulo nyaka, non-abangahlawuliyo uhlawule engange kwesiqingatha billion. Kule nkalo, kufuneka kuqondwe kusenokwenzeka ukuba bafumana imiyalelo ukumisa mvume lokuqhuba, Kakade ke, iya kuba nempumelelo kakhulu.