Indlela yokwenza umlawuli wamandla kwisinyithi se-soldering? Umlawuli wamandla wokuchonga isinyithi ngesandla: imifanekiso kunye nemiyalelo

Izixhobo zokulungiswa kwinqanaba le-voltage elisetyenziswe kwi-element element yokufudumala zihlala zisetyenziselwa izixhobo zomsakazo ukukhusela ukutshatyalaliswa kwangaphambi kwesikhomba kunye nokuphucula umgangatho we-soldering. Izicwangciso eziqhelekileyo zokulawula izixhobo zentsimbi ye-soldering ziqukethe ukutshintshana kweendawo ezimbini kunye nezixhobo ze-trinistor ezifakwe kwindawo. Ezi zixhobo kunye nezinye izixhobo zinika amandla okukhetha umgangatho wamandla ofunekayo. Namhlanje ukufakela okwenziwe kunye nokufakelwa kwefektri kusetyenziswa.

Umlawuli onamandla olula wentsimbi yokuxubha

Ukuba udinga ukufumana ama-watts angama-40 ukusuka kwintsimbi yokukhangela i-watts eziyi-100, unokufaka isicelo kwisiphaluka kwi-triac BT 138-600. Umgaqo wokusebenza kukunciphisa i-sinusoid. Izinga lokukhupha kunye nokushisa okushisa kungenziwa utshintshwe usebenzisa ukuxhathisa R1. Ukukhanya kwe-Neon kusebenza njengesalathisi. Awunayo ukuyibeka. I-triac BT 138-600 ifakwe kwi-radiator.

ZeZindlu

Isiphaluka sonke kufuneka ukuba sibekwe kwizindlu zezindlu ezivaliweyo. Umnqweno wokwenza isixhobo esincinane asifanele sichaphazele ukhuseleko xa sisisebenzisa. Khumbula ukuba ifowuni isebenza kwimvelaphi ye-220 V.

Umlawuli wegunya likaTrinistor we-soldering iron

Ngokomzekelo, unokuqwalasela isilwanyana esenzelwe umthwalo wamatts ambalwa ukuya kwikhulu. Uluhlu lolawulo lwenani elilinganisiweyo leso sixhobo luyehluka kwi-50% ukuya kwi-97%. Ifowuni isebenzisa i-KU103B i-trinister ene-hold holding yangaphaya kwe-milliampere.

Ukuhamba nge-diode VD1, amaza angama-half-vol of pass voltage, ahlinzekela malunga nesiqingatha samandla onke esinyithi. Iyakwazi ukulawulwa ngu-trinistor VS1 ngexesha ngalinye elifanelekileyo le-half cycle. Ifowuni ivuliwe kwaye icime idiode VD1. I-transistor ilawulwa ngumgaqo-umgudu wesigaba. Ijeneretha yenza iipulisi zifikile kwi-electrode yokulawula ejikelezayo yesekethe ye-R5R6C1 kunye ne-univerction transistor.

Isikhundla sokubamba umxhasi we-R5 sinquma ixesha elivela kwisigidi-mpilo esihle. Isiphaluka somlawuli wesigqeba sidinga ukuzinza kweqondo lokushisa nokukhusela ingxolo yomzimba. Ukwenza oku, shunt ulawulo lwe-transition R1.

Ikhefu R2R3R4VT3

Ijenerethi inikwe amandla ngamapulisi yombane ukufika ku-7V kunye nobude be-10 ms eyenziwe yisekethe ye-R2R3R4VT3. Ukutshintshwa kwe-transistor VT3 yinto ezinzileyo. Iyajika kwindlela eyahlukileyo. Amandla anqanyulwa ngumsetyenzana we-R2-R4 wesigxina iya kuncitshiswa.

Isiphaluka somlawuli wesigqeba siquka i- capacitor C1KM5, abaxhatshazi-MLT kunye ne-R5-SP-0.4. I-transistor ingasetyenziswa nokuba.

Ibhodi kunye nezindlu zefowuni

Kwibandla yale fowuni, ibhodi yamaglasi e-foil fiberglass ene-36 mm nobubanzi obu-1 mm bufanelekile. Kwimeko, ungasebenzisa nayiphi na into, njengemibhobho yeplastiki okanye amatyala ezinto eziphathekayo. Uzakufuna isiseko sezinto zeeplagi. Kule nto, ezimbini iinantambo M 2,5 zinokuthengiswa kwi-foil ngendlela enokuba izikhonkwane zicine ibhodi ngokumelene nomzimba ngexesha lokuhlangana.

Iingxaki zabathathu be-trinistors KU202

Ukuba amandla esitrato sincinci, umgaqo unokwenzeka kuphela kwisiqingatha esincinci. Kuloo ndawo apho umbane wokugcina we-trinistor ubuncinci ophantsi kunomthwalo okhoyo. Ukuzinza kokushisa angeke kuphunyezwe ngokusebenzisa umlawuli onamandla wokuncibilika kwentsimbi.

Ukwandisa umlawuli

Ininzi yezixhobo zokushisa ukuzinza ukusebenza kuphela ukunciphisa amandla. I-voltage ingatshintshwa ukusuka kwi-50-100% okanye ukusuka kwi-0-100%. Amandla ensimbi yokuxubha ayinakwanela kwimeko yokunikezelwa kwamandla engaphantsi kwe-220 V okanye, umzekelo, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukukhupha ibhodi elidala.

Umbane osebenzayo uhlanjululwa ngumbane we-electrolytic, ukwandiswa ngamaxesha angama-1,41 kwaye uyondla isinyithi se-soldering. Amandla okuhlala ahlaziywe kwi-capacitor aya kufumana i-310 V kwi-220 V.

Iimvumi ezinamandla ezinqabileyo azidingi abalawuli be-step-up.

Izixhobo ezifunekayo zesekethe

Ukuze uhlangane nomlawuli olawulayo ofanelekileyo wesinyithi esinezandla kunye nezandla zakho, ungasebenzisa indlela ephakamileyo yomhlaba kufuphi naso. Oku kufuna iinqununu ezincinci. Amandla omxhatshali omnye makangabi ngaphantsi kwe-2 W, kunye nezinye - 0,125 W.

Inkcazo yesiphaluka somlawuli wegunya

I-electrolytic capacitor C1 kunye nebhulothi iVD1 ifakwe i-rectifier yegalelo. I-voltage yayo yokusebenza ayifanele ibe ngaphantsi kwe-400 V. I-transferensi ye-IRF840 yentsimi yakha indlu yomlawuli. Ngale fowuni, ungasebenzisa isinyithi se-soldering ukuya kwi-65 W ngaphandle kwe-radiator. Basenokufudumala ngaphezulu kweqondo lokushisa elifunayo, nangona amandla athatywayo.

I-transistor ephambili efumaneka kwi-chip DD1 ilawulwa yi-oscillator ye-PWM, enezikhundla ezibekwe yi-capacitor C2. I-parametric stabilizer ifakwe kwiixhobo zeC3, R5 kunye neVD4. Ixhasa intambo yeDD1.

Ukukhusela umtshintshi wokuphuma kwi-self-induction, i-diode VD5 ifakwe. Iyakususwa xa i-regulator power regulator ingasetyenziswanga nezinye izixhobo zombane.

Inokwenzeka yokutshintsha indawo kwiilawuli

Inkqubo yeDD1 ingatshintshwa ne-K561LA7. Ibhuloho yokulungisa kwakhona idididi eyenzelwe ubuncinane ubuncinane be-2A. I-IRF740 ingasetyenziselwa njengento yokuguqulela. Isiphaluka ayifuni ukugqitywa, ukuba zonke iinxalenye zisebenza kwaye akukho ziphoso ebandleni.

Ezinye iinketho ezikhoyo ezinokutshabalalisa umbane

Izicwangciso ezilula zamagunya okulawula amandla ngensimbi yentsimbi, esebenza kwi-triacs KU208G, zidibene. Bonke ubuqili babo kwi-condenser ne-neon ukukhanya, okokutshintsha ukukhanya kwayo, kunokusebenza njengendlela yokubonisa amandla. Ulungiso olunokwenzeka luvela ku-0% ukuya ku-100%.

Xa kungabikho i-triac okanye i-bulb, i-thyristor KU202H ingasetyenziswa. Esi sixhobo esiqhelekileyo esinemifanekiso emininzi. Ngokusetyenziswa kwayo kunokwenzeka ukudibanisa isiphaluka esisebenzayo kwi-50% ukuya kwi-99% yamandla.

Isalathisi se-ferrite esivela kwintambo yekhompyutheni ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza i-loop yokucima ukuphazamiseka okubangelwa yi-triac okanye i-thyristor.

Umqondiso weArrow

Isalathisi sokudibanisa sinokudibaniswa kwi-soldering control power power control for use easier use. Akunzima ukwenza oku. Izixhobo zomsindo ezidlulileyo ezingasetyenziswa zinganceda ekufumaneni izinto ezinjalo. Izixhobo zilula ukufumana kwiimarike zendawo nakweyiphi na idolophu. Ewe, ukuba enye yalapha ekhaya ngaphandle komsebenzi.

Ngokomzekelo, makhe sicinge ngethuba lokuhlanganisa i-Indicator M68501 ngeentolo kunye namanqaku edijithali kumlawuli wamandla kwisitrato se-soldering, esasifakwe kwii-old tape recorders. Ubunqwenela bokumisela kukukhethwa kwe-R4. Ngokuqinisekileyo kuyimfuneko ukhethe i-R3 yefowuni, ngaphezu koko, ukuba kukho enye isalathisi isetyenziswe. Kubalulekile ukugcina ibhalansi efanelekileyo yokuxhatshazwa xa inkunkuma ye-soldering iyancipha. Inyaniso kukuba utolo lwenkcazo lunokubonisa ukunciphisa amandla okwi-10-20% xa ukusetyenziswa kwe-iron-soldering yintsimbi ye-50%, oko kukuthi, isiqingatha esingaphantsi.

Isiphelo

Umlawuli wegunya lokuncibilika kwesebe unokuhlanganiswa, ukhokelwa yimiyalelo yemigaqo kunye nemimiselo ngemimiselo ekhoyo yezicwangciso ezahlukeneyo. Ukusuka kubathengi abafanelekileyo, i-fluxes kunye neqondo lokushisa kwezinto ezishushu, umgangatho wokubambelela kuncike kakhulu. Izixhobo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuzinzisa okanye ukuhlanganiswa kokuqala kwezididi zingasetyenziselwa ukuhlanganisa izixhobo ezifunekayo ukulawula umbane ozayo.

Izixhobo ezinjalo zisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa, kunye nokwandisa amandla anikezelwe kumbane wokufudumala wesinyithi esinyukayo ukusuka kwi-0% ukuya kwi-141%. Kulula kakhulu. Kukhona ithuba lokwenene lokusebenza kwimizi engaphantsi kwe-220 V. Kwiimarike zanamhlanje, iikhompyutheni eziphezulu zikhoyo, zixhotyiswe ngabalawuli abakhethekileyo. Iifayili ze-Factory zisebenza kuphela ukunciphisa amandla. Ukwandisa umlawuli kuya kufuneka kuqokelelwe ngokuzimela.