Sikhethekileyo zeteknoloji - Apocalypse Code

elithi lwekamva "sikhethekileyo zeteknoloji" yinxalenye olukhulu ebomini bethu. Ngokutsho kuqikellelo ezininzi ophambene izazinzulu kunye neengcali ezahlukeneyo, ungadlulanga umhla wama-2030, unyaka ingqiqo ziya kuba yinxalenye lethu. Ngoko ke yintoni na eli binzana twisiseni? Amaninzi encyclopedia sikhethekileyo zobugcisa zale mihla ithathwa njenge ixesha yezinto xa phambili zobugcisa bafumane isantya kangaka nezintsonkothe eziya itshixwe ukuqonda kwabantu.

Ngamafutshane, intelligence yokufakelwa iya kufikelela inqanaba lophuhliso apho umntu ubandezele eyolukileyo nkqu eziyingozi "smart" izidalwa elektroniki. Kuba eminyaka futurists kunye ababhali yakusasa boyikisa kunokwenzeka ukuba "izithuthi uqhushululu." Kodwa kuphela kakhulu kutshanje le ngxaki ezingenzeka baqala ukuxoxa kakhulu kuluntu lwezenzululwazi.

Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala elithi «lobuchwepheshe sikhethekileyo» ixilongo kwi umbhali inqaku kwezezibalo Vernor Vinge, ngo-1993, kunyaka kule simpoziyam, eyayibanjelwe ngokudibene ne-NASA Aerospace Institute Ohio State. Kungekudala iziganeko kwangaphambili oosonzululwazi kunye enokuthelekiseka, ngokokubona kwayo, kunye kanye yimbonakalo yomntu phezu emhlabeni, yaqala ukuza yinyaniso.

Nokubonakaliswa lokuqala isitshixo kunye neziganeko elithile-ukwenza ezifana sikhethekileyo zeteknoloji, kungekudala ukuza. Ingongoma yinguquko uphuhliso loluntu kunye ezingqondweni zabantu zaba ngo-1997 kunyaka wokuqala. NgoMeyi waloo nyaka, eyenzelwe ziingcali evela IBM, polutoratonny elektroniki "ngwenya» Deep Blue, baxhotyiswa iziqhubekisi 250-th, in nzima yaye olunzulu wechess umdlalo lowo woyisa unangoku obengazi ukoyiswa ntshatsheli UGarry Kasparov. Kweli nqanaba kwacaca ukuba ihlabathi liya kuze kube efanayo kwakhona ...

Ikhosi ye kwalo umdlalo, mhlawumbi eliphikisayo ezininzi ezinzima kwimbali yempucuko, kufuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Nebhetshi yokuqala nguGrandmaster azuzeke ngaphandle naziphi na iingxaki. Ekuqaleni Kasparov, ezama ngamandla ukuba sime utshaba kuloo mgibe elektroniki wengcibi yokuluka, wamana ebingelela pawns ezimbini.

Deep Blue ngeli xesha yokucinga (ukuba uyakwazi bakubize) ixesha elide ngokungaqhelekanga - phantse ikota yeyure. Nangona ukuya kule izigqibo ndachitha akukho ngaphezu kwemizuzu emithathu. Yaba kuphela xa sijamelene isoyikiso ukuba phantsi koxinzelelo xesha, imoto wenza inyathelo ukuziphindiselela. Umphumo waba nolusizi ukuba ingqondo yomntu. Lo matshini akazange ayamkele imibingelelo, wafumana umdlalo ...

Three yaphelela draw. Kodwa nebhetshi entsha computer iphumelele ngendlela brilliant, eshiya indoda akukho ithuba. It nje Deep Blue oyisa nguGrandmaster enkulu. Ngenxa yoko, abantu uye wafunda isizukulwana esitsha oomatshini elektroniki, obuphakamileyo ingqondo zabantu. Yaye ngubani na ukufunda nje ezimangalisayo.

cars Modern iye yenza. Iingcaphephe bathi ukuba amandla azo lobuchopho bomntu imalunga elikhulu elinamanci triliyoni imisebenzi ngomzuzu. Ukubana umntu oqhelekileyo nje imemori abazi nto gigabytes emibini enesiqingatha. A isantya abayisebenzisayo isantya sangoku computer ngu 115 ezigidi. Njengokuba indawo yokugcina kwaye awukwazi ukusasaza. Ngelo xesha linye abazi ukudinwa, izifo, intandabuzo, phezulu, ezinye ubuthathaka babantu. Ngoko ke, zekamva bakholelwa ukuba sikhethekileyo lobuchwepheshe ayinakuphepheka.

Kakade ke, biotechnology esetyenziswayo kakhulu unako ukunika uluntu kunye neendlela zokuphucula ubuchule bemvelo ngokwasengqondweni. Leyo eya kukhokelela ukuvela iziganeko ezifana sikhethekileyo sezingqondweni. Kulo mzekelo, umntu umngcipheko babe yinxalenye umatshini-human interface. Kwaye ngoko ukuqikelela uphuhliso phambili impucuko yethu, esekelwe phezu kwemimiselo yokuhlalisana kunye nezithethe ukusoloko yokuziphatha, kuya kuba nzima. Le meko ufumana nje ngaphandle kolawulo lomntu ngengqiqo yemveli.