Indlela yokugcina iakhawunti yabanini-mveliso ngabanye: imiyalelo yesinyathelo-nge-nyathelo. I-Accountancy PI yabaqalayo

Kwinqanaba lokubhalisa, usomashishini kufuneka anqume inkqubo yokurhafisa kwixesha lakhe elizayo. Emva koko, umbuzo omnye obaluleke ngakumbi kufuneka ulungiswe: ngubani na omele anikwe uxanduva lolawulo lwemali. I-IP inokhetho oluninzi kwisisombululo sayo. Makhe siqwalasele ezinye zazo.

Akhawunti

I-IP inamathuba amaninzi:

1. Qedela isivumelwano kunye nenkampani ekhethekileyo ukuxhasa ingxelo. Le ndlela ithathwa njengeyona yindleko kwiimali. Nangona kunjalo, ngelo xesha, indlela eya ngaphandle kwimeko iphelisa ngokupheleleyo isidingo sokungena kwiingxelo ezivela kumnini we shishini. Iingcali ezinamava ezinenkampani ezifanelekileyo zihamba kunye nokunika ingxelo evela ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni, zimela iimfuno zoshishino kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.
2. Ukuqesha umntu ongenayo imali. Olu khetho alubizi njengexabiso elidlulileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kule meko kukho umngcipheko othile. Ukhetho lweengcali ezijongene nolwazi luya kuba yintlanzi kuphela. Namhlanje kunzima ukufumana umntu onokusebenza ekhaya aze ahlangabezane nemisebenzi ngokugqibeleleyo. Akulungele ukuzimisela ekuboneni kuqala inani lolwazi kunye nolwazi lweengcali. Kwiimeko ezinjalo kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise iziphakamiso zabahlobo okanye amaqabane oshishino.
3. Ukuziphendula. Le yindlela abaninzi abasomashishini, abashishini babo abasebenzisa iirhafu ezizodwa zerhafu, benze. I-Accounting PI kwi-USN kunye nezinye iinkqubo zinenkqubo elula. Ngaloo nto, i-amateur kule shishini iyakwazi ukujamelana nayo. Ukongezelela, kukho iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo, iinkcukacha ezithe zenziwa nge-IP (ngokomzekelo, kwi-intanethi ye-accounting 1C: iBusinessStart ngokukhethekileyo kubashishini ngaphandle komgcini-mali)

Ikhetho lokugqibela linamanani amaninzi angenakunqunqiswa kwabahwebi.

Indlela yokugcina i-akhawunti yomntu ngamnye osomashishini?

Umyalelo wezinyathelo-nge-nyathelo oosomashishini uqulethe zonke iinkcukacha eziyimfuneko, ezivumela ixesha elifutshane ukujongana nazo zonke iinguqu zeenkqubo. Njengoko kuchazwe ngasentla, iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zenziwe ukusiza umninimzi-shishini. Ukongezelela, usomashishini unokuya kwizifundo ezizodwa. Ezi zifundo ziya kunceda ukuhlaziya ulwazi olutholileyo. Ukukhetha olu khetho, umrhwebi usindisa imali yakhe. Nangona kunjalo, i-IP "yokukhulula" ingxelo ye-IP idinga ixesha. Oku kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuzingca kwimigaqo yokunika ingxelo, kufuneka ufunde ngokubaluleka kweengcamango zesiseko. Ziquka, ngokukodwa, inqobo yenkcazo ye-accounting, iirhulumente ezizodwa. Ngaphandle kokuqonda kwezi zinto, akunakwenzeka ukugcina iirejistara, ukucacisa inkcitho kunye neengeniso zengeniso, ukuhlawula umvuzo kubasebenzi, ukubala ukuncitshiswa kweerhafu, nokulungiselela amaxwebhu okunika ingxelo. Yonke le misebenzi kwi-akhawunti enzima kwi-enterprise.

Iingcamango ezisisiseko

Ngaphambi kokuchaza indlela yokugcina i-akhawunti yabanini-mveliso ngabanye, umyalelo wesinyathelo-nge-nyathelo uquka inkcazelo yezinto eziphambili zenkqubo. Okokuqala, usomashishini kufuneka abhale ingxelo yekhomishini yazo zonke iintengiso. Kukho amaxwebhu okuphendula oku. Isetyenziswe kwizikhokelo ezintathu eziphambili:

1. Lawulo.
2. Rhafu.
3. Akhawunti.

Ulawulo lolawulo luhlalutyo lwengcaciso enikezelwe ngamaxwebhu emali. Ngokusekelwe kumrhwebi wakhe uvavanya ukusebenza kakuhle kweshishini, wenza izigqibo, izicwangciso kunye nokulungisa imisebenzi, ukulawula inkqubela yayo. Ukuphendula ingxelo kubandakanya ukulawulwa ngqo kweenkcukacha zemali zenkampani. Oku kwenziwa ngokwemiqathango yomthetho. Ierhafu zibizwa ngokuba yimisebenzi yokuphendula imali ekusetyenzisweni kweziseko zerhafu. Ngokusekelwe kula maxwebhu, ukubuyiswa kweerhafu kuqulunqwe, ngokubhekiselele kulo shishini libika kwiinkonzo zezemali.

OSHO

Cinga ngomzekelo wolawulo lwentlawulo ngokubanzi, indlela yokugcina i-accounting account of individual entrepreneur. Umyalelo wesinyathelo-nge-nyathelo uqulethe inkcazo yokuba ishishini kufuneka liqwalasele yonke imisebenzi yoqoqosho eyenziweyo. Ukuyilungisa, usebenzisa iNcwadi yeZindleko kunye neNgeniso. Ngokuhambelana nolwazi olukuyo, ekupheleni konyaka werhafu umrhwebi wenza isimemezelo kwi f. 3-NDFL kwaye idonsa irhafu ye-13%. Le ntlawulo kufuneka yenziwe phambi ko-Apreli 30. I-FLEG iphinda iqalise ukutsalwa kwe-VAT. Ukubala kwayo, zonke ii-invoyisi eziphumayo nezingenayo, ukuthengisa, ukuthenga kwiincwadi ezifanelekileyo zirekhodwa. Ngokusekelwe kwimiba equlethwe kuyo, isibhengezo sekota senziwa, irhafu ibalwa ngesantya se-18%. Iintlawulo zenziwe de kube ngomhla we-20 wekota entsha kwithuba langaphambili. Ukuba umsebenzi womrhwebi unxulumene nemali, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukugcina incwadi yemali kwaye uzalise i -oda yokuhlawula imali.

Abasebenzi

Ekubeni kubasebenzi, usomashishini kufuneka agcine iirekhodi zabasebenzi zabasebenzi. Usebenza njenge-arhente yerhafu. Usomashishini ubala kwaye unciphise irhafu yengeniso kubasebenzi, uhlawula iminikelo yomshuwalense kwi-FSS ne-FIU. Ngokwabasebenzi, iingxelo ze-IP:

1. Kwi-IFTS kumyinge wabafundi kunye nemali yabo (f. 2-NDFL). Uxwebhu lokuqala lufakwe ngaphambi kweJanuwari 20, okwesibini - de kube ngu-Apreli 1.
2. KwiFSS. Iingxelo zonyaka kunye nekota ngekota. FSS-4 kude kube ngumhla we-15 wenyanga, eqala emva kokuphela kwexesha lokunika ingxelo.
3. Kwi-MHIF ne-FIU. Ifomu le-RSV-1 linikezelwa kula maqumrhu phambi komhla we-15 lwenyanga yesibini ukususela ngomhla wokuphela konyaka kunye nekota nganye.

Ukuba umntu osomashishini usebenza yedwa kwaye engenzi njengomqeshi, kufuneka athathe uxhaso oluthile lwezonyango kunye nepension "ngokwakhe".

IPSN IP

Imisebenzi yomrhwebi usebenzisa inkqubo elula iquka ukugcwalisa iNcwadi ye-Accounting ngolwazi ngemali engenayo kwisiseko kwi-6% kunye neerithi kunye neendleko kunye nentlawulo ye-15%. Xa usebenzisa i-USN, i-IP kufuneka ifake irhafu yentlawulo ngaphambi ko-Apreli 30. Ukunika ingxelo kunye neminikelo yabasebenzi phantsi kwalo mbuso iyafana nalawo ase-OCHA. Iipropati (ngabanye) kunye neerhafu zerhafu ahlawulwa. Inkqubo yerhafu elula ithathwa njengeyona ethandwa kakhulu kubarhwebi. Xa usebenzisa, kulula kakhulu ukuba ufunde indlela yokugcina isebe le-accounting ye-PI ngokwakho. Umyalelo wesinyathelo-nge-nyathelo uqulethe amanqaku ambalwa ukulandela. Inkqubo elula yile ndlela ifanelekileyo kakhulu kumashishini amancinci naphakathi.

UTII

Le ndlela, kunye ne "lula", ifakwe kwicandelo elithile elikhethekileyo, olukhethiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, xa usebenzisa i-UTII, ukubalwa kwengxelo kubaqalayo kuya kuba nzima. Kule cwangciso, akukho mfuneko yokuthatha iindleko kunye neengeniso. Usomashishini kufuneka abhale kuphela iimpawu zomzimba walo msebenzi. Phakathi kwabo, umzekelo, indawo yendawo ehlala kuyo ivenkile, inani leeyunithi kwizithuthi zothutho kunye nomnye. Zonke iinguqu kwizibonakaliso zomzimba kulo nyaka kufuneka zichazwe xa zibala irhafu kwinyanga apho zenzeke khona. Intlawulo enyanzelekileyo ibalwa ngokuhambelana nenzuzo engundoqo kwintlobo ethile yomsebenzi. Isibonakaliso sichazwe ngamagunya ogunyaziwe asekuhlaleni. Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukwazi i-coefficients deflator. Le ngongoma ephambili, equka ukubalwa kwe-IP. Kwabaqeshisi bokuqala, kukho amaziko okucebisa. Ukucacisa ezi zinto okanye ezinye izinto ezinokuthi zenzeke ngokuthe ngqo kwiinkonzo zerhafu.

Umzuzu obalulekileyo

Xa usebenzisa i-UTII, usomashishini kufuneka abike yonke ikota de kube ngumhla wama-20 wenyanga apho kuqaliswa ixesha elitsha lokubika. Irhafu iyahlawulwa de kube ngumhla wama-25. Abashishini abasebenzisa i-UTII akudingeki ukuba bagcine iiirekhodi. Nangona kunjalo, oku akubavumeli ukuba bahambelane neemfuno zeemali kunye nomyalelo apho kwenziwa imali. Ngaloo ndlela, usomashishini kufuneka abe neCash Book, amaxwebhu angundoqo aqinisekisa ukutshintshwa kwemali. Umsebenzi wokwenza iintlawulo ze-inshurensi kunye nokuphendula kwabasebenzi kubakho.

Isiphelo

Naliphi na inkqubo yerhafu umrhwebi okhethayo, icebo liya kuthatha ixesha lokufunda. Ngexesha elifanayo, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ingqalelo ukuba iibill, iziphakamiso, izinto zokwenza izinto zilungiswa ngokukhawuleza, okufuneka zibekwe iliso. Kucebise ukufaka isofthiwe evumela ukubalwa kwemali kwimodi ye-automated. Ingakumbi ukwenzela ukuba amagosa erhafu avume iingxelo ngekhompyutha. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuhlaziywa kweenkqubo kwenziwa ngokuhambelana nemimiselo esemthethweni. Oku kuvumela ukuba usomashishini ahlale eqaphela iinguqu kwaye enze amaphepha afanelekileyo. Ngokubanzi, ukufundwa kwezicwangciso zeerhafu akukona kunzima. Iingcali zincoma ukuqala ngokulula, ukhetho olukhethekileyo.