Indlela ukwenza abstract?

Yintoni athile? igama Scientific - kuba sisishwankathelo esibhaliweyo emfutshane ingxelo okanye uhlobo ezinomthamo zoluntu umsebenzi ogqityiweyo uncwadi yenzululwazi okanye isihloko echongiweyo. Ngamafutshane, le abstract - oko yenzululwazi kunye nophando komsebenzi self-abaqeqeshwe lomfundi, apho uchaza eyona zokufunda kwi iingxaki kunye noqeqesha umbandela inophawu ingxaki-weendawo. Izincoko nayo ibonisa izimvo ezahlukeneyo noluvo yabo umbhali le ngxaki.

Indlela ukwenza abstract? iziphakamiso kuya kunceda ekuphenduleni lo mbuzo. Khumbula ukuba umxholo wayo kufuneka ibe nengqondo. Uvunyelwe ubude athile ngomlinganiselo ezintlanu elinesihlanu amaphepha ashicilelweyo.

Indlela ukuba bazobe ikhava sheet le abstract? Ukuze wenze oku ngokuchanekileyo kakuhle, kufuneka ukwazi ngokucacileyo iimfuneko ngqo isikolo sakho - kuyenzeka okanye awuzukusebenzisa uyilo graphic, okanye kuvunyelwa kuphela ubeko engqongqo, njl Ngokubanzi kukho ethile, eyenzelwe ngokungqongqo ukucoca titulnika ku Izicatshulwa. Phezulu kwephepha (indawo encwadi), qiniseka ukuba ukhankanya igama elipheleleyo lesikolo sakho. Xa iziko ebhalwe igama sakhethwa kunye Igama lesihloko, kancinane apha ngezantsi igama yomfundi. Emva koko chaza igama yecandelo kunye namaqela emfutshane cipher. Kwikona esezantsi ekunene ubukhulu sheet A4 ngokuqhelekileyo ushiye indawo nomhla lokuhanjiswa umsebenzi ngokuqinisekisa, kwakunye umgca ngenxa utyikityo notitshala uvandlakanyo, nokuba ngezantsi ibonisa igama ngutitshala, kwaye iphepha ezantsi embindini - igama laloo mzi.

Indlela ukwenza abstract? Isampulu ungabona kwi Internet - namhlanje sites ezininzi ukunceda ukusombulula ukhetho problemu.Pered lwezihloko sesincoko icace kakhulu, yintoni ingxaki ethile uya ukubaleka kwenu umdla ngakumbi, kuba imfuno ukufunda ngokunzulu ngokwaneleyo ukuqulunqa umxholo engundaba. Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise ukubhala isincoko sakho, kufuneka wenze isicwangciso esincinane, uze ukhethe uncwadi ahambelanayo. Nika imiyalelo uncwadi, nekucetyiswa yi kwikharityhulam umgangatho ekupheleni kuluhlu, ungenza ukwandisa uluhlu imithombo, lo gama ngokungasilibali ukusetyenziswa iimagazini abstract ezizodwa ezichaza ulwazi lwenzululwazi yakutshanje.

Indlela yokwenza iphepha: isakhiwo

• ukufihla sheet;
• itheyibhile yokuqulathiweyo, isicwangciso;
• intshayelelo. Oku kuphakamisa umbuzo, izizathu ze ezikhethiweyo umxholo, ukubaluleka kunye ukufaneleka kwayo namhlanje. Kwakhona, eyona nto uyifunayo kukuba imisebenzi abstract kwaye ezibambekayo kule nxalenye lesincoko, kwaye uphawu iincwadi ispolzovananv inkqubo yokubhala;
• the main okuyingxenye. Kufuneka kubekho amacandelo eziliqela. Ngamnye kubo (i core inxalenye) uchaza ingxaki ethile okanye indlela ethile kwaye kokuqhubekayo ubhalo lwe candelo wangaphambili;
• Ekugcineni. It ishwankathela isincoko okanye ukunika isiphelo nolahlo ngokubanzi kwisihloko yakhe, kwaye linika iingcebiso ebalulekileyo;
• noluhlu lweencwadi (uluhlu lwe iimbekiselo).

Sebenzisa kwi kuyilo abstract ubuncinane ezisibhozo, kunye nemithombo iincwadi ezahlukeneyo kukhethwa ezilishumi. Iitafile, iigrafu kunye nemizobo zivumelekile.

Izicatshulwa Ngokuqhelekileyo e ifomu eshicilelweyo kwelinye icala sheet A4-ubukhulu; zasendle kufuneka nazo: eludinini ekhohlo - mathathu mm, ekunene - elinesihlanu mm, kwaye ezantsi top ezingamashumi amabini anesihlanu mm.

Sele ukwazi ukuba sisondele njani athile, kwaye kuqikelelwa?

Xa kuhlolwa umsebenzi wakho utitshala utsalela ingqalelo:

• ethelekisa ukuseta umxholo;
• ubunzulu ukufunda indaba;
• ephelele, kanti ukuchaneka nokusetyenziswa kwemithombo;
• kanye design kwisincoko.

Izicatshulwa Ready ngokwengqiqo yentloko ukuze iyakuviwa kwaye kuxoxwa nakwiisemina. Kusenokwenzeka kwakhona abafundi ngamnye udliwano-ndlebe nootitshala yenziwe.

Ngoko ke ndiye ndafunda ukuba sisondele njani athile.