Imigodi inqaba Trongzund: idilesi, iifoto, amathuba

Iyamangalisa indlela elininzi imephu iindawo twisisaka eRussia kulala ngaphandle ezityhutyhayo kubakhenkethi engqushiweyo, iziza imbali, imihla ngemihla, ikhula ajike abe amanxuwa! Enye iindawo ezinjalo - inqaba Trongzund, ibekwe phezu ongaphandle kwidolophu encinane Vysotsk kwi iLeningrad Region Vyborg Bay.

Trongzund, walahleka emahlathini

uhlaza amahlathi ashinyeneyo ako phantse ngokupheleleyo yokutyiwa kwaloo iinqaba endala.

Kodwa kanye inqaba elinamandla wayezelwe uPetros Omkhulu ngexesha emNtla War. Wayefanele ukuba onamandla Fort ukuziphendulela Vyborg kunye nokwakha likomkhulu komlawuli, eSt Petersburg, ngabo bachasayo ezinokwenzeka. Ngoku bambalwa abantu bazi imbali yale enqaba iyingangamsha. ibali ubunzima eyimfihlakalo iqala kwinkulungwane XVIII.

"Intsimbi ngu uPetros"

Ngowe-1710, amajoni Russian ngexesha lephulo loburhalarhume wamajoni wathabatha Vyborg, nto leyo ngaphambili libe lilifa Swedish. Ngenxa yoko umkhosi Charles XII zisoloko zigrogriswa ikomkhulu oselula Russian, kwaye Ibanjiwe Vyborg waba ukuba uPeter imfuneko. Uloyiso kunye ngokutyikitya isivumelwano soxolo Nystadt ukuya elukakayini yoBukhosi baseRashiya kuncothulwa emhlabeni entsha ngobuchule ebalulekileyo adinga ukhuseleko oluthembekileyo. mlawuli Russian wagqiba ukwakha Trongzundskom Strait redoubt omzimba, leyo elwandle uza kuhlawulwa zibangwe Vyborg balwa.

Admiral Fedor Apraksin ekupheleni kukaMatshi 1710 wenza ingxelo kukumkani ukuba wafumana indawo apho utshaba kuya kuhlangatyezwana ngokwaneleyo.

Trongzund idolophu-inqaba kwakhiwa apho lexinene uba ububanzi 180 m. Kodwa utshaba kwezi ndawo akusekho poked kwaye ezinye izenzakalo kwakhokelela uPetros ukudlulisela ingqalelo ekomelezeni Kronstadt.

izisongelo New - ubomi obutsha nqaba

Ngexesha iCrimea War, imikhosi enamandla yale butho Anglo-French bebeke iinqanawa Baltic Sea Russian. Emva kweli phulo lweBaltic, urhulumente yoBukhosi baseRashiya ukuze ukuphepha izoyikiso ngakumbi amathuba kwicala yamagunya enkulu yaseYurophu wakubona kufanelekile ukuvuselela nokomeleza zokuzifaka apha tshembiseke lixesha kwi ngaphandle zikude eyinkunzi. Ngoko ke, endaweni izakhiwo ngamaxesha Trongzundskih uPetros gqira kwinkulungwane XIX uyibeke ukwakha iinqaba amatsha, yaye ogama amanxuwa baye basinda.

Ungaze zokulwa umlilo nqaba

zokwakha ezinkulu-iscale nesiza kaPetros Trongzunda Uuransaari kwi siqithi (ngoku - Vysotsky), esasungulwa ngo-1864. Le kumacala omane kwenqaba entsha pentagonal iibhetri kunaso zaye luqiniswe zakutshanje ngexesha nezixhobo - elide-uluhlu imipu ziphangwe, icala eyesihlanu umsele enamandla. Phantsi yalungisa warehouses ukutya redoubts, iimagazini powder, enqabeni yomkhosi, nekhitshi - amacandelo eyimfuneko a ukule yasemkhosini. Sokudityaniswa zonke iinxalenye zayo kwakhiwa imigudu - ngasentla ngaphantsi komhlaba.

Ngeminyaka, ukomeleza Uhlaziyo redoubt waqhubeka: yakhiwa indlela yangaphakathi, amandla ekulweni kuqiniswe kunye izixhobo ezitsha. Kodwa yee--qhinga wokhuselo Baltic sele kakhulu sele lulungiswe, kwaye Trongzund inqaba kwakhona ingqalelo lixesha, lingenako ukuhlangabezana neemfuno kwexesha. Kwiminyaka yokuqala kwenkulungwane XX, solo zigcinwe imo ukulwa, kodwa iimfazwe leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi akazange bemchukumisa.

Impi ebusika

ilizwe Vyborg kunye Trongzund inqaba, wayesele kudala zalala, bafudukela eFinland ngowe-1918. Kwadlula iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20. Ebusika ka-1939-1940 kummandla enqabeni lixesha kuphela kwimbali yonke ikhona wayedlala ngaphandle nokulwa phakathi amajoni Finnish kunye Soviet. EFinland ngamandla wasivuna zezikaYe- kubo Uuras (ukuba ke igama kule ndawo), kodwa inxalenye Red Army ikwazile ukwaphula ukumelana zabo, kwaye ndawo iye kwakhona abe Russian, okt. E. I Soviet.

Ngexesha lezi amadabi abaziingwanyalala wenza zobugorha feat gunner Kuzma Vysotsky, athanda ukuyibeka embekweni Finnish Uuras kwi novalo emva kwexesha ulinike ukuba Vysotsk. Kwiminyaka engamashumi amane emva koko, kude kube sekupheleni yee-, Trongzund inqaba njengento inkampu umda bhala ikampu. Ke imixholo kaNdikhoyo ekampini ithathwa okungeyomfuneko, yaye ekugqibeleni ethatyathwe kwezi ndawo. Le nqaba waqala ukuba ngokuthe ngcembe ndoyenza amanxuwa, kwaye inani Vysotsk - ngokuthe ngcembe ukwehla. Inani abemi Vysotsk mihla ngakumbi kancinane abantu 1,000.

uPeter noPawulos

Ngubani na ngokukhawuleza ehlabathini nokonakala Trongzund kwizisele enqabeni yomkhosi, ngeempahla rock shaft, iimagazini ibe luthuthu izitena amanqugwala iipaseji etsala abo umphefumlo abagulayo yelifa ngembali eli lizwe.

Iingcali yesayensi zokuzifaka apha Russian ukonwabela ukohluka le kwinqaba iShushan, yakhiwe kwaye nezixhotyiswe ngeteknoloji entsha yamajoni gqira kunye ngeminyaka benkulungwane XIX. Bakholelwa ukuba Trongzund waliseka phezu siseko efanayo njengoko odumileyo uPetros noPawulos St. Petersburg inqaba: indawo igumbi lomboniso uhlolo (ifihliwe izicatshulwa komhlaba ekhokelela ngaphandle kwenqaba), caponiers (izakhiwo angaphantsi, sise ezantsi okwabangela), iimagazini umgubo kuzo zombini iinqaba ezifana efanayo. Ekudaleni Trongzunda eziqulethwe kwimpumelelo ilungileyo ingcamango zobunjineli ixesha lakhe.

Time Travel

Ngexesha iqhubheka mpikiswano olungenasiphelo malunga into yexabiso, federal okanye lommandla, le iinqaba zokubonisela, oko cwaka babulawa ekwimimandla emelene Vysotsk. romance Ambalwa,, apho umdla kuphela isithuba kodwa ngexesha close kutyelela Trongzund inqaba. Indlela ukuya cwaka Vysotsk, ibekwe neekhilomitha ezili-120 ukusuka kwikomkhulu emantla, ukuba uyazazi zonke izinto, kodwa ke ukuba nifunyanwe kuye etyholweni zasendle waya kungena ezweni iintsalela iinqaba kanye ezinamandla silwe, kufuneka ube nomonde nizilumkele ke kunene. Ekubeni shi ehlathini, ukuya kummandla ongaphandle kwedolophu, ungenza kukhubeka phezu iintsalela i enkwalini endala kwabayilwileyo eweni imigodi zokuzifaka apha. A umgama omfutshane kude kuyo, phezu ingca, kukho ukusilela eshiyekileyo ifunyanwa ngawo emhlabeni, ekhokelela kwitonela phantsi komhlaba. Yambethe isibane, abahambi kwehla, yaye, emva kokuba sicatshulwa komhlaba, kuwa ezindaweni ezilulwalwa. It inika imibono Trongzund - inqaba, apho umsele kakuhle agcinwe, ogama iindonga zazizaliswe nezinkulu igranite apho usenokubona amasango ukufikelela enhle, iintsalela beendonga ngezitena kunye iiwindow, nongqameko uzive le mveliso wangaphambili.

Potato yokugcina

Ehla kwizisele amanqugwala Trongzunda yedwa kwaye ngaphandle isibane into engakhuselekanga. Imigangatho yeplanga kudala ngumhlwa ube, wokwakha uyawa, balapha sebenzisa amabhodlo njengoko inkunkuma, kodwa ngenxa yeendonga amatye lokusinda izixhobo iigaraji.

abakhenkethi bayathatheka, kanye kwizisele ezimnyama kwaye zicacisa neengqameko inakho eyênziwa mzuzu yokuqala - kwiindawo ezininzi ukusuka chain yophahla nesisitheliso. Iindwendwe bathi ngobungqola nangoko enza umfanekiso eyoyikekayo ngemibuzo, ukungcungcuthekiswa kunye nesohlwayo nabuntu. Nangona kunjalo, akukho kukududuzela loo wayengekho ngoxolo Trongzund Fort. Fortress eRussia kwi siqithi Vysotsky wayengazi umlo kunye, ngokwahlukileyo kumzalwana wakhe omdala, le nqaba ze entolongweni. Kwaye ijinga isilingi sabamnyama nasemagumbini chain - ukuba omnye, njengoko iimpawu nemiba yokugcina iitapile: kumaxesha Soviet, neegalari komhlaba zakhiwo wamajoni lesikhumbuzo esetyenziselwa ukugcina iitapile.

Gcina singenakwaphulwa ...

Vysotsk ebumelwaneni - indalo onobungangamsha emantla, amahlathi nespruce lunobumnyama, amanzi ezolileyo le Strait, onjalo emxinwa ukuba ngandlel efanayo emlanjeni, zokuqubha zesanti. Kule Trongzund ye ngakumbi shi. Nqaba, ephethe ifoto kutyelela abakhenkethi yakhe, imihla bazinikele mini aba phantsi koxinzelelo yehlathi kunye nokungahoywa kwabantu. mbali ochaphazelekayo benza imigudu ukulondoloza le lesikhumbuzo, ebiza ukuba ayeke intshabalalo yayo. Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, kwaqhutywa iimviwo zikarhulumente into, kwaye wenza ngokusekelwe kweziphumo zayo iyadanisa. Iindonga shaft, amatye aqingqiweyo ukusuka lenyengane, akanako ukuma ngxi amashumi ambalwa, kodwa neegalari izitena-amanqugwala kutshatyalaliswa yonke imihla.

Ngelishwa, ukudideka kwaye ingenalo novelwano akavumeli ukuba nenxaxheba nzulu ekubuyiselweni ingcwele, kwainqaba, enyanisweni, uvuselela emva kwakhe ebomini, ayikwazanga kumiselwa phezu kwimephu Leningrad Olu kwaye ulwazi kunye izakhi abakhenkethi indlela ngokuqatha Uuras-Vysotsk Trongzund inqaba.