Imfundo e England. Inkqubo yemfundo England

kwinkqubo yemfundo UK ephuhliswa kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi, yaye namhlanje yenye intle kwihlabathi, ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho ephezulu umgangatho. Ukuze afezekise inkqubo yokufunda sele iphunyelelwe ukususela ulwamkelo lokuqala isenzo ebalulekileyo zomthetho kule ndawo, oko kukuthi i-Education Act 1944. Oku kwaqaliswa imbali ezukileyo.

Imfundo e England namhlanje kunyanzelekile ukuba bonke abemi abaneminyaka emihlanu ukuya elishumi elinesithandathu. amacandelo amabini ume ngaphandle kwisakhiwo kwenkqubo yemfundo: karhulumente (imfundo free) kunye zabucala (uqeqesho ihlawulwe). Ngokubanzi, kwi imeko zokusebenza ezimbini apho inkqubo yemfundo isekelwe: omnye kubo ukusebenza ngqo eNgilani, Northern Ireland kunye Wales, kwaye eyesibini - eSkotlani.

imfundo Secondary

ENgilani, izikolo zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Common ukuba wayekhwela izikolo, apho abafundi bafumana nje ulwazi, kodwa ukuba aphile. Ezi zikolo zibonakele eBritani kwixesha of the Ages Aphakathi ekuqaleni, ubukhulu becala ukuba kuvulwe nezigodlo. Kodwa ukususela kwinkulungwane yeshumi Pope laqalisa njengemfanelo zonke yoonongendi Imibono ukudala isikolo sa. Kamva, le mfundo baye baqalisa ukuba lihlasele.

Ekuqaleni, inkolelo kweyisa kwiintsapho yeengcungcu ukuba abantwana bafunda ngcono ekhaya kunokuba kwizikolo emishini, kodwa kwandula uqonde ukuba, kungakhathaliseki imvelaphi yabo, abantwana ukufumana ulwazi olungcono kunye noontanga babo. Lo mbono uye waba isiseko lokuqulunqa nokuphuhlisa pension ilungelo, ezinye zazo zisebenza unanamhla kwaye ngoku iminyaka engaphezu kwewaka yokufundisa nokukhulisa elite kuluntu lwanamhlanje British.

ngezigaba

kwinkqubo yemfundo UK ibandakanya:

1. enkulisa.

2. Izikolo-Umjikelo opheleleyo abantwana ukusuka kwiminyaka emithathu ukuya elinesibhozo.

3. Amaziko kubafundi omncinane azizahlulo Junior Izikolo neZikolo Primary.

• I-Junior Izikolo kuyo abantwana abaneminyaka ukusuka abasixhenxe ukuya alishumi elinesithathu. Babefundisa umjikelo eyodwa jikelele lokuqala lezinto iphela uqeqesho yoviwo, kukusweleka efunekayo ukuze ukubhalisa esikolweni samabanga aphakamileyo.
• Kwizikolo zaseprayimari ukwamkela abantwana abaminyaka ukusuka kwiminyaka emine ukuya elinanye ubudala. Kwiminyaka wesibini yesithandathu uqeqesho uya iimviwo SATS - bona, njengoko kunjalo odlulileyo, imfuno sokwamkelwa kwisikolo samabanga aphezulu.

4. Amaziko abafundi abadala zahlulwe Schools Senior, Secondary School failures School.

• Izikolo Senior kuba abantwana ilishumi ukuya kwiminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo. Xa izikolo ezinjalo, abafikisayo bafunda kwiminyaka emibini yokuqala, welani iimviwo GCSE, uze emva koko uye enye iprogram yoqeqesho iminyaka emibini.
• Secondary School ibonelela ngamathuba emfundo yabantwana iminyaka elishumi elinanye.
• I Igrama School kwakhona uqeqesho abantwana ukuya kwiminyaka elinanye, kodwa kukho olunzulu program. Kwisikolo esinjalo, ungenza nokuba ufumane ukulungiselela ngokupheleleyo ukuba bangene kwimfundo ephakamileyo.

5. Ukulungiselelwa izikolo needyunivesithi, zilungiselelwe abafikisayo abadala abaneminyaka iminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo ubudala.

Ukongeza, kwizikolo United Kingdom zihlelwa ngokuxhomekeke kwisini umfundi. Kukho izikolo eyahlukileyo amakhwenkwe kunye namantombazana, kwakunye nezikolo mixed. Eli lizwe ezininzi abaxhasi kwemfundo eyahlukileyo abantwana ngokwesini, abathi isikhundla sabo kukuba amakhwenkwe kunye namantombazana ukuphuhlisa ngokwahlukileyo emzimbeni nangokweemvakalelo, yaye kwimeko yemfundo eyahlukileyo azinayo ukuziqhelanisa omnye komnye.

imfundo Pre-school eNgilani

Luyafumaneka kuwo omabini amaziko emfundo abucala kunye noluntu. Ngokufuthi, amaNgesi ukuthumela abantwana babo zokukhulisa eziguqulweyo kwi kweminyaka iminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemine. imfundo Pre-school eNgilani kuqhubeka de umntwana efikelela kwiminyaka esixhenxe, kwaye luhlanganisa ukufundisa ukufunda, ukubhala, arithmetic. Njengoko umthetho, uphuhliso lwabantwana kwenzeka ngohlobo midlalo. Kwizikolo ezininzi zabucala kweli lizwe asebenza iiklasi ukulungiselela abantwana ukusuka kwiminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Xa ukuphela kwabo abantwana gqolo ukufumana imfundo yaseprayimari neyasesekondari kwizikolo efanayo.

kwisikolo samabanga

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, uninzi lwabazali ukuthatha abantwana babo esikolweni kwasekuqaleni kwiminyaka emihlanu (kwiiklasi yokuzilungiselela). Ngokubanzi, imfundo yamabanga kwi UK iqala ukususela kwiminyaka esixhenxe yaye baqhubeka bade oonyana iminyaka elishumi elinanye. Emva koko, abantwana baye esikolweni samabanga aphakamileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphakathi kwiziko elinye. Ngale ndlela, imfundo eRashiya England ayikho eyahlukileyo kakhulu. Kule klasi lokuqala abantwana bafunde izibalo, IsiNgesi, umculo, geography, imbali, ubugcisa kunye nobuchwepheshe mveliso. izinto ezifunekayo abazali bakhethe ezabo.

kwisikolo samaba-

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba imfundo oluqhutywa eNgilani IsiNgesi, nabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu ubudala, oko kuyimfuneko. Izikolo eziziisekondari bafundisa abantu abaselula abaneminyaka ephakathi elinanye elinesithandathu leminyaka ubudala kunye abalungiselele kokufumana isiqinisekiso jikelele yemfundo lesibini (GCSE) okanye isiqinisekiso kazwelonke zemfundo yoqeqesho (GNVQ).

imfundo Secondary eNgilani njengomnye wemisebenzi yalo ebaluleke kakhulu inoxanduva ukuyilwa ukuzithemba, abantu abazimeleyo, ubugcisa. Esikolweni, abafundi bafunda umjikelo yemfundo jikelele ezizodwa kwizifundo ezahlukeneyo, ilandelwe yi iimviwo. Ukuze Kwathi ngempumelelo iimviwo (kwizifundo ezisixhenxe ukuya ezisithoba), apho kuyimfuneko sokwamkelwa kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, abafundi baqala ukulungiselela ukususela kwiminyaka elinesine.

School ukulungiselela eyunivesithi

Emva kokugqitywa elinesithandathu boys umjikelo imfundo esisinyanzelo kunye namantombazana nokuba angaya emsebenzini okanye ukuqhubeka nezifundo zabo leSithandathu Form - isikolo apho uqeqesho yokungena eyunivesithi. Abantu abanomdla wacela ukuba kakuhle unyaka-emibini-amanqanaba A, nto leyo ithetha unikezelo kweemviwo ezimbini: kunyaka wokuqala wezifundo - AS, emva ngomnyaka wesibini wezifundo - A2-amanqanaba. izifundo ezine okanye ezihlanu izifundo kunyaka wokuqala, kwaye eyesibini - ezintathu okanye ezine. Kwangaxeshanye, abafundi bakhethe ezabo ukusuka elinesihlanu ukuya kumashumi amabini iinketho ecetywayo, izifundo ezifunekayo azifumaneki. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abaselula ukuchaza yesifundo elizayo, nto leyo kwixesha elizayo siya kuzinikela iminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu yokufunda kwiziko lemfundo ephakamileyo.

abafundi angaphandle ngokuqhelekileyo ukuqala imfundo yabo UK kunye kwiminyaka emibini ye-A amanqanaba.

Vocational nemfundo ephakamileyo

IBrithani iye iiyunivesithi ngaphezulu kwe amathandathu, anamakhulu labucala kunye noluntu kunye neekholeji apho abantu abatsha banakho ukufumana umsebenzi. Izikolo ezifundisa ezahlukeneyo iinkqubo zoqeqesho. Passage kwezi khosi zokuzilungiselela A-amanqanaba unika abafundi ithuba lokuba afumane okanye imfundo professional okanye ngaphezulu eNgilani. Eyokuqala uphuhliso ikhosi yoqeqesho yezandla kweli okukhethekile ekhethiweyo, kwaye eyesibini sele iquka zidanga, owaphumelela, degree doctoral kunye MBA.

yokufundiswa

Imfundo e England ukuhlawula kubemi zabo kwaye ngokuba abasemzini, kodwa ngenxa yokugqibela iindleko iphezulu kakhulu. abemi lizwe babe nethuba lokufunda anamatyala, urhulumente inyanzelisa lobuyiso kuphela xa, emva kokuphumelela umntu angafumana umsebenzi ongahlawuli ubuncinane 21.000 neekhilogram ngonyaka. Kungenjalo, ityala akanyanzelekanga ukuba ibuyiselwe. Kutsha nje, i-mpikiswano iPalamente yaseBritani kuqhubeka malunga nokuba okanye ukunyusa iindleko kwezemfundo, kunye ePalamente amaninzi akathandi ukukholelwa ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuyandisa.

International Assessment of ezisemgangathweni kweenkonzo zemfundo

izifundo ngamazwe oluqhubekayo lubonisa ukuba kule minyaka ilishumi idluleyo, umgangatho wemfundo zamabanga England ombi ngokuphathelele kumalungiselelo Abaphumelele University School. Kwimfundo ephakamileyo, iireyithingi ngamazwe kumaziko aphakamileyo emfundo ye-UK ngokwemveli esimiyo phezu kwindawo yesibini okanye yesithathu.