Ikomkhulu Benin - Porto Novo. The Republic of Benin - lizwe a kwiNtshona Afrika

isimo West Afrika Benin asiyondlela ichanileyo kuyo yokhenketho. It ayiqondakali kuphuhliswa iziseko, kunye nesabelo yengonyama sabantu abaphila phantsi imithetho efanayo kunye neenkolelo kwiminyaka 100-200 eyadlulayo. Noko ke, kuya kuba umdla kuyo ukusuka kwindawo yezembali umbono, kuba uyakwazi ukubona Afrika wokwenene, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ungubani abantu bayo, namasiko alo uyazibuza.

malunga lizwe

Asinguye wonke umntu oya kuba nako ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza umbuzo iphi na Benin. Abaninzi, mhlawumbi, eli lizwe akusoloko eziqhelekileyo. Okwangoku, urhulumente na ezihlangwini Ngokwembali kumaxesha Afrika imfundo karhulumente sakuba enamandla waseDahomey.

The Republic of Benin imi kwiNtshona Afrika, kufutshane Gulf of Guinea. Ukususela imida ngasentla kunye Niger Burkina Faso, entshona - kunye Togo ngasempuma - kunye Nigeria. Ummandla urhulumente wahlulwe elinambini amasebe olawulo: Alibori, Atlantic, Atakora, Borgou, Collines, Couffo, Dongo, Littoral, Mono, Ouémé, Plateau, Zou. Bonke bephela, nayo, wohlukana 77 communes.

capital obungu Benin yi Porto-Novo, eneneni, zonke ii-ofisi zikarhulumente, akwamanye amazwe e Coston. inkqubo State - republic lukamongameli kunye nenkqubo monopartiynoy. UMongameli zombini yintloko karhulumente, leyo ubonisa amandla olawulo. Benin, umgaqo-siseko ngoku yamkelwa ngo-1990.

Kukho ulwimi ezine ezixhaphakileyo: imvelaphi, Yoruba, Sombo kunye French, nto leyo urhulumente. Economy of Benin esekelwe ngokupheleleyo kwezolimo zendalo (yam, umbona, tapioca) kunye zokulinywa komqhaphu. Xa izibilini amasimi oyile negesi langoku, kodwa abayi lusebenziseke. madlana Isixa negolide yeyam, intsimbi, ilitye phosphate, naziiperile.

Climate and nemvelo

Ukuba ujonga imaphu, uya kuphawula ukuba Benin (Afrika) sine-side nakuLwandle lweAtlantiki embindini kweli lizwekazi. Oku kucacisa into yokuba urhulumente ibekwe imimandla emibini zemozulu. Kumazantsi esilawulwa imozulu sentshinyela neyayo iqala ngexesha lemvula ukususela ngoMatshi ukuya Julayi ukususela ngoSeptemba ukuya ekuqaleni kukaNovemba. Inxalenye esemantla Benin ise ibhanti subequatorial. Apho ke unyaka amaxesha amabini sho: owomileyo (Disemba - Epreli, uMeyi) kunye nemvula (ngoJuni - November). Imvula ngaphantsi kakhulu apha emzantsi. Elona xesha lilungileyo ukuhamba xa oko kutyelelwa ikomkhulu Benin, kwenzeka ukususela ngoDisemba ukuya kuMatshi, isimo sezulu kakhulu ukhululekile ngeli xesha, kwaye kweli lizwe kukho imithendeleko ezininzi kunye nemibhiyozo.

Xa lizwe lonke ikuye ehlathini. Ngoku ke nje ngokupheleleyo ezisagcinwe embindini karhulumente, kodwa ngokubanzi phantse ukugawula imithi kuphela zingafunyanwa kule ngingqi. Le zezilwanyana imelwe ziintaka, amarhamncwa ezinkulu (izingwe, iingwenya) kunye uhlaza (iindlovu, buffaloes, antelopes).

angumfanekiso zembali

Kummandla Benin mihla Wayeyinxalenye ubukumkani enkulu zamaxesha aphakathi kwe waseDahomey, nekomkhulu yayo kwisixeko Abomey (ngoku iziko yolawulo kwisebe Zou).

Abantu abaye baphila kula mazwe ukususela Paleolithic kunye Neolithic. Kingdom of waseDahomey yasekwa ngenkulungwane ye-17. Ngeli xesha ulwazi yokuqala malunga nhloko Porto-Novo. Ngemvelaphi ye-lizwe hamba uye aja kwisizwe, ukuze ahlale kaRhulumente Allada unxweme. Bahlala ngasentla yaye ngokuthe ngcembe yaye yayingeyonxalenye kunye nabantu basekuhlaleni.

Ngenkulungwane ye-17. IsiFrentshi, Dutch kunye isiPhuthukezi kunxweme lizwe Kwasekwa yokuqala ekwahlala yaseYurophu zorhwebo. King babengabarhwebeli makhoboka kutshintshiselwano izixhobo, nto leyo zasetyenziselwa lokunabisa ngokungaphaya. BaseYurophu lwaba nomtsalane izithethe zasekuhlaleni kunye nezithethe. Ingakumbi engaqhelekanga kuba kubo ubukho ukwakheka yomkhosi amabhinqa - Amazons waseDahomey. Baye kubonakalise ukuba amajoni lithemba, nesibindi kunye nobungcali ngexesha lokuQala nakoLwesibini Franco-Dahomean War.

WaseDahomey waze ngenkulungwane ye-19. Xa iMbasa imikhosi isiFrentshi evela eSenegal. Okulandelayo yaba ukulawula uBukumkani ukuya yaseFransi West Afrika ngo-1904 I-bamathanga ngokuyinxenye negalelo kuphuhliso mmandla: ekuqaleni ukwakhiwa kweendlela, izityalo mveliso.

Ngowe-1946, waseDahomey watshintsha isimo yayo waza waba kumhlaba lwangaphesheya France. Iyilesile ke irhuluneli, ukuba silawule ilizwe, waqalisa ukusebenza iBhunga Jikelele, eyayiyinxalenye nezazi wengingqi kunye noohlohlesakhe.

Ukuzimela Republic of waseDahomey wafumana Agasti 1, 1960 umongameli lokuqala yaba M. K. Yuber, eneneni iseke ngeqhudu lobuqu. Ukususela ngowe-1963 ukuya 1972, eli lizwe zafumana babhukuqwa ezine emkhosini. Ngenxa yoko le yokugqibela beza amandla M. Kerekou, ndimiswe ngubani na inkqubo-iqela elinye kunye abangabaxhasi bakaMarx-Leninist ideology. Ngowe-1989 sazilahla nemigaqo yakhe, zabamba unyulo lokuqala simahla, yaye urhulumente labizwa ngokuba Republic of Benin.

Benin abantu

Ngokutsho Iingxelo zakutshanje, kubemi ngayo abantu kwizigidi ezi-8,3, umlinganiselo wokuphila siphantsi engama-54. Eli lizwe imeko ngokwanelisayo ezinzima nge amayeza, wenzala ukufa, ingakumbi phakathi kwabantwana. Malunga ne-1.9% yabantu ezi abathwali HIV.

Benin yimeko beentlanga, ummandla wayo umiwe iintlanga kwe-60 kunye namaqela eentlanga 42. isizwe Largest ngemvelaphi (malunga 65%), ezinxulumene Ewe. Oku ikakhulu kusiwa ngasezantsi kunye nakwiindawo ezikufutshane kumazwe angabamelwane. Inani - million 3.5 abantu, ubukhulu becala nokugcina iinkolelo zesithethe, yaye kuphela inxalenye bobabo ubuKristu. Isikakhulu ke belimiwe ikomkhulu Benin. Imvelaphi i core nobuhlanga waseDahomey.

Ukongeza, abantu abaqhelekileyo barba nama 1/10 yabemi lonke eli lizwe. Bathi ukukholelwa ikakhulu bemveli, inxalenye encinane - amaSilamsi Cartoon. E Benin, izizwe inkulu ubomi abantu Sombo kunye Yoruba bead.

isimo Capital

Le mithombo kubhalwa kuqala ezikhankanya ikomkhulu Benin, ilungu kwenkulungwane ye-17. Umhla ngqo loseko ayaziwa, kodwa kucingelwa ukuba kuye kwenzeka ngenkulungwane ye-18. Ngelo xesha kwi Portuguese kuhlala, ngenxa kuyo yaba liziko kokurhweba ngamakhoboka. Waye wavakalisa ikomkhulu karhulumente ukususela yokufumana inkululeko ngo-1960,

Porto-Novo - yenye kumazibuko Gulf of Guinea, ibekwe mpuma kweli lizwe. Yena imali yayo wesiqhelo kunye yokuhlala yesibini ngobukhulu emva kokuba iziko eyona Conton. Le yokugqibela kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba urhulumente njengenqaku ngokwenkcubeko imbono kwanokuvela yezopolitiko. Xa ubomi eyinkunzi, ngokutsho 2002, 223 552 abantu.

iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo capital

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ikomkhulu Benin liyi inqanaba eliphezulu intuthuzelo iindwendwe kunye elikhulu ubukhulu, oko umdla ukusuka kwindawo ngenxa kwimbali yamandulo. Ukuze nabakhenkethi baza kuba nomdla ezinomtsalane zilandelayo:

• Cathedral kwinkulungwane XVIII., Yakhelwe yi-Portuguese.
• Ngenkcazo Museum, equlethe isixa elingu yezinto Yoruba yehlelo, kwakunye namaxwebhu nembali ziyalungiswa.
• Da Silva Museum, enikelwe ubudlelane phakathi Afrika ne-Brazil, kunye bhanyabhanya ezivulelekileyo, ilayibrari ehotele.
• IRoyal Palace, iselithwasile nenyanga yokuhlala kaKumkani Roy toffee.