Iintlobo zeengqameko: iifoto kunye neengcamango

Ngokukwakha indawo yokuhlala, umntu uzama ukudala ingaphakathi kunye nococeko lwangaphakathi. Ukutshintshwa kwamagumbi namhlanje kuye kwaziwa kakhulu kunaphambili. Iingaphakathi zangoku zibonisa ukuguqulwa kwesiganeko kwelinye igumbi ukuya kwelinye, ngelixa liqhelekileyo ukusebenzisa izithuba zokuvula. Bangaba neefom ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, amaqela okudibanisa, kodwa ngelo xesha benze ukuba baxhomeke.

Iintlobo eziphambili zeentonga: ukusuka kwii-classic ukuya kwi-avant-garde

Ukuqwalasela iindidi zeengqameko, kufuneka ube nolwazi oluqhelekileyo kuzo zonke iintlobo zezakhiwo ezinjalo, phakathi kwazo kufuneka zihlukanise izinto ezinjalo:

• Iiklasi;
• Romance;
• Trapezium;
• Portal;
• Zanamhlanje;
• Ellipse;
• Iinqanaba.

Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo namhlanje yintlobo yokuqala, engayifaka ngempumelelo nayiphi na ingaphakathi. Ngokuphathelele ukutshatisa, ngoko le mihlathi inemilo emxholongwane, kunye neembombo ezijikelezayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iifolda kule style zifakiwe, ukuba kufuneka udwebe ngokubanzi.

I-trapezium iyathetha ngokwayo kwaye imele idizayini eyenziwa ngohlobo lwesibonakaliso. Ukuqwalasela iindidi zeengqameko, uya kukwazi ukuqonda ukuba phakathi kwezinye ii-portals eziqhelekileyo ziqhelekileyo, ezikulo lwakhiwo lweefowuni azicingeli iindleko zabasebenzi ezongezelelweyo. Kodwa simele sikhumbule ukuba lo mbuzo awuyi kulungeleka kuzo zonke izinto zangaphakathi.

Izinketho ezongezelelweyo

Ngandlela-thile umyinge phakathi kwee-portal kunye neeklasiki ziindawo ezikhoyo zanamhlanje, zinegumbi elijikelezayo elithathela kwikontane. Umda wesangqa ungahluka, kodwa ngaphezu kwesigamu ububanzi bokuvula. Olu hlobo lwamaqonga lubonakala luhle kumagumbi anezixhobo eziphantsi. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zeentsika zizo zikhankanywe ngasentla.

Kodwa ukuba ufuna ukwenza ingaphakathi engavamile, ngoko kufuneka ukhethe i-ellipse ene-radius enkulu. Umzekelo wee-arch asymmetric iya kuba yintsika. Enye inxalenye yayo iya kuphinda i-portal, ngelixa enye inxalenye iya kuba yinto yanamhlanje okanye uhlobo lwe-arch. Iingcali azicebisi ukuba zikhetyiwe eziklasini, ukuba igumbi linesilwanyana esiphantsi.

Ukufezekiswa kweengcamango: ukhetho lwezixhobo

Zonke iindidi zee-arches, ezikhankanywe ngasentla, zinokwenziwa ngezinto ezahlukeneyo, phakathi kwazo:

• Ilitye;
• Umthi;
• Drywall;
• Brick.

Enye yezona zininzi kakhulu ezinokuziphendulela, zithe zinyuka, kwaye xa zinyunyiweyo, loo nto iya kuthatha nayiphi na ifomu. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ulungise isakhiwo ngaphambi kokuba umile. Ukuguqula amaphepha e-drywall, unokubomeleza kwisakhelo esenziwe ngaphambili seprojekthi zetsimbi.

I-radius kufuneka ibe nokujikeleza okuthile. Kwizo ndawo apho amakhishithi afunyenwe khona, kufuneka ahlanganiswe nge-putty, kwaye kwinqanaba elilandelayo isiseko sikhuselekile ngezinto zokugqiba. Ukusebenza kunye neeshidi ze-drywall zilula. Yaye ukuba unamakhono athile, unokwenza i-arch ngokwakho.

Izixazululo ezithandekayo: iinqonga zokhuni

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuvulwa kwamaplanga kuqhathaniswa neminyango eqhelekileyo, kodwa okokuqala kukuhluke kwimizuzu emibini kuphela. Iingcango zangaphakathi zangaphakathi zinganika ukujonga kwangaphambili kuyo nayiphi na ingaphakathi. Phakathi kweenzuzo ezongezelelweyo kufuneka zigqitywe ngokufanelekileyo, kuba umphezulu uya kubonakala ungonakali. Ungakhethi ukhuni kwi-arch, ukuba igumbi lisoloko litshintshwa rhoqo kwiqondo lokushisa kunye nomswakama.

Kule meko, ukuvulwa kwamaplanga ngendlela ye-arch kungekudala kuya kuhlanganiswa ngeentambo. Ukuphelisa oku kubakho ngokucubungula izinto kunye namaqumrhu akhethekileyo. Iingqungquthela zamatye zanamhlanje zixhatshazwa kwiimpawu ezimbi, kuba zimelela izinto ezifakwe kwiibumba. Esi sombululo siya kuba esincinci, kodwa umgangatho awuyi kuba ngaphantsi kweenqanawa zomthi oqinileyo.

Isisombululo samanyathelo samanje: i-stone arch

Ukuba awunomdla kuzo naziphi na izinto ezilapha ngasentla, ungakhetha ilitye okanye isitena. Ummandla ongaphandle kwimeko yokugqibela ikhonkxwe ngetyil ekwazi ukulinganisa ilitye. Le ndlela ifanelekile ukuba uhlobise ukuvula okukhoyo.

Ukuba uceba ukutshintsha ukulungiswa kokuvula okanye ukulindele ukwenza imisebenzi efanayo yokulungisa i-large-scale, ke inxalenye yodonga olujikeleze umnqwanqwa awukwazi ukugutywa nge-plaster, ukushiya isitena phezu komhlaba. Njengesisombululo esinye isakhiwo esenziwe ngamatye.

Ukwenza umgca we-plasterboard

Emva kokuqwalasela iindidi zeengqameko, iifoto ozifumanayo kwinqaku, ungaqala ukwenza i-arch yakho. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abaphathi basekhaya basebenzisa i-drywall kule nto, njengoko ifikeleleka kwaye iyasebenza. Xa inkosi ingenawo amava, iingcali ziyamcebisa ukuba enze i-classic arch yomumo omsindo.

Ukwenza oku, lungiselela izinto ezithile kunye nezixhobo, phakathi kwazo:

• Drywall;
• Ulungelelaniso lwengxondorha;
• Iiprofayili zetsimbi;
• Hacksaw ngensimbi;
• Izikrini zokuzibamba;
• Ijig yombane yabona;
• Putty.

Xa uthenge iplassterboard, kuya kufuneka ukuba ubeke isitifiketi ezimbini, ububanzi bezinto ezi-1.2 m. Ubungakanani bufanele bube bufana no-12 mm. Ufuna ibhodi ye-gypsum edibeneyo ngobunzima be- 6.5 mm. Kule meko, kufuneka ukhethe i-drywall, eyenzelwe ukudala ii-arches. Le mfuneko ivela ngenxa yokuba le ngxelo kwindawo emanzi imisiwe. Ngokunceda unako ukufezekisa isimo esifanelekileyo.

Amakhonkco okugqitywa ngokuqiniswayo kufuneka alungiselelwe kwisixa semali emi-2, ngelixa iiprofayili zetsimbi - kwisixa semali e-5. Iine zazo zifanele zibe nemilinganiselo ye-27X28 mm, ziya kuhamba ukulungiselela izikhokelo. Omnye uza kwenza indima yeprofayili ye- rack-mount, kwaye ubukhulu bayo bube yi-27X60 mm. Le nto iyimfuneko yokwakhiwa kwesakhelo phantsi kwe-arch.

Ukusika isinyithi uya kufuna iimasi, kunye ne-hacksaw. Ukunyamekela ubukho bombhalo wokubhala okanye wokwakha. Zonke iindidi zeebhodi ze-plasterboard zenziwe ngokusebenzisa izikrini zokuzibamba, iimboli kunye nezibukovu, eziyimfuneko zokulungisa udonga lwesakhelo. Ukongeza, uya kufuneka kwakhona umbane wokugesi, kunye ne-jigsaw kagesi, ngaphandle koko ibhodi ye-gypsum iya kufuneka ihlulwe ngesandla. Ukuqhuba imisebenzi yokugqibela, lungisa i-putty, spatula kunye nopende.

Umsebenzi wokulungiselela

Ukuqwalasela iindidi zamatye kwi-gypsum cardboard, kucetyiswa ukuba uhlolisise iifoto zezakhiwo ezisele zadalwa kuqala, kuba ziya kukuvumela ukuba uqonde indlela ukuvula kuza kubonakala ngayo emva kokuvula imisebenzi. Ngaphambi kokuqala oko kucetyiswa ukuba usebenze kwiphepha elincinane lekhadibhodi. Le mfuneko iyasebenza kubaqalisi abangakhange bahlangabezane neendlela zokusetyenziswa kuzo iibhodi ze-gypsum.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo kukuqala ukulinganisa ububanzi bomnyango. Emva koko, ububanzi bulinganiswa kwiphepha elilodwa lomaphepha onomgca ochanekileyo. Isiqunto sokunene sinqunyulwa. Ngokomgaqo ofanayo, isondo lesibini sele silungiselelwe. Ukunquma kwe-drywall kufuneka kwenziwe nge- knife ebhaliweyo, kodwa ke iingcali zihlala zisebenzisa ukwakha. Ukwenza oku, umgca ukhankanywe kwicala elingalunganga, emva kokuba umshicileli uphenduka uze uphuphe kwi-notch. Imijikelo ingakunqandwa ngommese.

Ukukhupha umrhumo

Kwiimitha zokunquma, kuyimfuneko ukuphawula i-center ye-axis. Ukuze ufumane i-semicircle, ungasebenzisa ikhampasi okanye umqhubi. Unokwenza i-compasss ngokwakho, ngenxa yoko usebenzisa i-self-tapping screw kunye nomtya oqhotyoshelwe kuyo. Ekupheleni kwetambo ipencilisi icwangcisiweyo. Ubungakanani bentsimbi kufuneka ihambelane nesiqingatha ububanzi bephepha lewomileyo, oku kuya kwenza ukuba ukwazi ukufumana i-semicircle yesimo esifanelekileyo.

Izindlela zomsebenzi

Emva kokuba uhlolisise iindidi zemigodi yesango, unokuqonda into enokukhetha. Kwinqanaba elilandelayo, kufuneka unqumle isisigidi ngokumakisha, kwaye ungasebenzisa i-jigsaw kagesi kule nto. Ukumakishwa kwe-stencil kwenziwa kwaye enye ifomu ichithwe kwenye ingxowa. Ukusebenzisa izikrini zetsimbi, kufuneka ulungiselele iiprofayili zesikhokelo. Baya kuqinisa ii-sheets ze-drywall.

Xa iiprofayili zilungele, ziyaqiniswa eludongeni. Ukulungiswa kufuneka kuqhutywe ngeyathelo eli-20 mm ukusuka kumda wokuvula. Ukusebenzisa oku kufuna iilwimi. Kule nto sinokucinga ukuba isakhelo sokulungela silungile. Abamakhosi abazimeleyo namhlanje basebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamagumbi ehostlwini, iifoto ziya kukuvumela ukuba uqonde ukuba yeyiphi ifomu efanelekileyo yokukhetha. Kulo mzekelo, itraki yeklasi iyaqwalaselwa.

Ngokukhawuleza ukuba isakhelo silungile, kunokwenzeka ukuba ubeke phezu kwazo iingubo zeplaterboard, ezifakwe kwi-scraws zetsimbi. Umgama phakathi kwabo kufuneka ube ngu-150 mm. Izikhiti zeHat zidinga i-utaplivat encinane. Ukuze wenze isakhelo sangaphakathi sogqityiweyo, isinyathelo esilandelayo kukufakwa kwiprofayili yesikhokelo. Ukuba isikhokelo asikhombisi, kufuneka utywetshwe ngokusebenzisa iisisi zensimbi.

Kwimiphetho ye-plasterboard kufakwe i-jumpers efakwe kwisixa semali engama-7. Ukomeleza ukuyila ezifakwe kwii-self-tapping screws, ziya kukhangela njenge-screed for sheets. Ngoku unokuvala umnqamlezo. Ukwenza oku, ubude nobubanzi besiqendu sexesha elizayo lilinganiswa, kwaye umgca wobukhulu obuchanekileyo bunqunywe kwibhodi ye-gypsum. Umgca wokugqiba umgca ugxininiswa nezilwanyana zokuzibetha kwi-5 cm increments. Emva koko i-shpak shades, kwaye emva kokuba umgca omile, kunokwenzeka ukuqala ukucwangciswa kokugqibela.

Isiphelo

Emva kokuba ufunde zonke iindidi ezikhoyo ezikhoyo eludongeni olusekelwe kwinqaku lethu, uya kukwazi ukukhetha ukuba yeyiphi enye into efanelekileyo kuyo yonke indlu yakho okanye indlu. Ezi ziyilo zi nobuninzi beendlela, kwaye isisombululo sokugqibela siya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezikhethiweyo zeemidlalo. Njengezinye izisombululo, ezinye iincwadi zisebenza ngamanye amaxesha, phakathi kwazo zensimbi, i-chipboard kunye ne-MDF, kodwa kule meko iindawo eziqhelekileyo zithengiswa ngokulungelelaniswa okanye zenziwe ngokwenza isiko.