Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo intsholongwane computer na iimpawu?

Iintsholongwane, impembelelo engentle kwiinkqubo zekhompyutha namhlanje into entsha. Kodwa nantsi ukuba baqaphele indlela ngozi kwexesha, nokuba ngaphandle phambi software zokhuseleko ezifakwe kwisistim, ukwazi oko akubantwini bonke. iimpawu ezikhethekileyo zentsholongwane lezekhompuyutha nemisebenzi embalwa ezingundoqo, nto leyo ke kuya kuxoxwa.

Yintoni computer

Wonke umntu usebenzisa ikhompyutha okanye ifowuni kubomi bemihla ngemihla, kufuneka uyazi into okuthathwa iintsholongwane.

Ukuba ukhangela le ngozi ngokubanzi, ukuba iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo, applets, okanye iifayile ikhowudi ephunyeziweyo, akhokelela ukungasebenzi kwezixhobo ngokwabo, ubusela okanye ukutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo lwe data yomsebenzisi. Kukho uhlobo olwahlukileyo zentsholongwane ransomware kuqala ngemfihlo iifayile ze emva koko bafune intlawulo decrypting.

virus Ikhompyutha: ngempembelelo kweentlobo

Phakathi zonke iintlobo ezinobungozi ezaziwa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho iiklasi ezininzi ezinkulu, apho iintsholongwane computer zidibene ngokungqinelana iqondo nendlela nefuthe kwinkqubo.

Ungenza phezu kwesi siseko ukuhlelwa iintsholongwane. Kodwa xa kuyimfuneko bathi uluhlu luya kuba engenasizathu kakhulu. Around ibukeka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• usongo nyelwe (iimpawu ezikhethekileyo lwegciwane computer lunciphiso indawo yokubeka kwi-hard drive kunye nokusetyenziswa isixa esikhulu kakhulu imemori ngokuncama self-phindana);
• iintsholongwane ebubonisayo (ubukhulu becala imemori ngaphandle nezishunqulelo isebenzisa imiphumela okanye isandi ebonwayo);
• malware (ikhokelela ukuxhoma iinkqubo zekhompyutha kunye ukungasebenzi non-kakhulu);
• izicelo eziyingozi kakhulu kwaye applets (kuthetha ukurhoxiswa epheleleyo ukusilela kwinkqubo, ukutshatyalaliswa okanye utshintsho ulwazi, yokufomatha ihard diski okanye ngezinto zokwahlula ubhalo, ubusela lolwazi oluyimfihlo).

Ukuhlelwa iintsholongwane kwi yokuhlala

Kukho yokuhlela enye. Uhlalutyo computer mihla ikuvumela ukuba uhambise enye kuluhlu:

• izisongelo beefayile buguqulelwa kuqaliswa kumaxwebhu okanye iinkqubo;
• iintsholongwane yokuqalelisa ezichaphazela Boot-amacandelo Iindlela zokusebenza;
• macro, esebenzisa imiyalelo eziphumezekayo, applets kunye imacros zesikocan kumaxwebhu ofisi, nokosulela i template eqhelekileyo;
• network ezinobungozi abaneka nge-intanethi kunye nothungelwano ekuhlaleni.

Ezona mpawu ziphambili ze computer

Ngoku badlule umbuzo malunga iimpawu zezi izisongelo ngoko nangoko. Njengoko umthetho, isici olwahlula yintsholongwane khompyutha ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• imali encinane ikhowudi ephunyeziweyo okanye ifayile isicelo;
• ukusetyenziswa yokuzithiba oluzenzekelayo;
• ikopi ikhowudi esisigxina efakelweyo ukuze ngezakhi;
• uphazamiseko nenkqubo yomsebenzi kunye namacandelo PC "yentsimbi '.

ukuskena nemithi

Ngokusekelwe yokuba iimpawu eziphambili yintsholongwane computer yeyona nkalo zingasentla, kunokwenzeka ukuba banikezele imigca embalwa iindlela zokukhusela nxamnye nabo.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, abasebenzi okanye yabavavanyi eziphathwayo kuphuhliswa ngokwaneleyo. Ukuba sithethe ngayo iintsholongwane kunye software unqulo, oko kuqatshelwe oxhaphakileyo kwi iimveliso zophuhliso software emarikeni ezifana "Kaspersky Lab», Dr. Web, Eset njl Kodwa iiphakheji loo nto ezamahala, nangona kukho ithuba usebenzisa kwetyala-uguqulelo kunye lokuvula esisigxina kangangeentsuku ezingama-30.

Free ezibalulekile arab nazo kusetyenziswa, kodwa ke ngamanye amaxesha musa ukuhlangabezana neemfuneko zokhuseleko kwaye bayakwazi Kwathi ingozi gaze engenayo, kodwa inokubangela ungquzulwano kwi-hardware ne-software level (ukunqongophala inkxaso abanye abaqhubi, kususa-firewall isicelo, okanye "intsimbi" firewall) nje kuphela .

Ukongeza, iinkqubo ezinjalo kufuneka ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo ukusebenza. Abanye bayakwazi ukubhaqa yokungenelela iintsholongwane ikhowudi ephunyeziweyo waphule umsebenzi OS, abanye kukuvumela ukuba balahle kubathengisi okanye lweleta zentengiso abaninzi. Kwaye nto ibuhlungu kukuba akukho mveliso eyaziwa ngoku ukuphatha i khowudi yasiwa kumbhalo lweefayile zomsebenzisi, lona wenza intsholongwane ransomware usebenzisa iteknoloji AES 1024. Oku kuqatshelwe nokuba kwi "Kaspersky Lab".

Yintoni ukusebenzisa ukuze sikhuseleke? Kungcono ukufaka ezi phakheji ihlawulwe. Apha uyakwazi unokuqiniseka yi-99,9%, nto leyo isoyikiso ibanjiwe ngendlela kwangexesha yaye akukho kakubi inkqubo okanye umsebenzisi ulwazi.

Ukuba kufuneka scan ngexesha elinye-ubukho umnwe nangemiqondiso ezicacileyo zosulelo, ezifanelekileyo ezamahala eliluncedo ephathekayo okanye izicelo ezizodwa kunye negama eqhelekileyo Rescue Disk. Nje wona kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba ukuqalisa yokulayisha indlela yokusebenza kunye balibone ezo izisongelo leyo ayikwazi ukubonwa ngendlela eqhelekileyo.

kunokuba nesiphumo

Njengoko ubona, isici olwahlula yintsholongwane lezekhompuyutha imiqondiso ephawulekayo (nje mhlawumbi umntu zange ukunikela ingqalelo kubo). Noko ke, olu lwazi ngokufutshane iya kuba yanele ukuzibona iimpawu zokuqala usulelo ukuba le software inkqubo anti-virus unganikezelwanga, nangona ke kungcono ukuba. Kwaye ngokuchanekileyo leyo iphakheji ukukhetha, ixhomekeke kumsebenzisi, umlawuli we computer okanye inethiwekhi. Eneneni, iinkqubo zale mihla sebenzisa ubukhulu becala uhlalutyo heuristic, kunye neenkcazelo intsholongwane ezihlaziyiweyo nokuba izihlandlo eziliqela ngemini.