Iilwimi zi ... I candelo leelwimi lithetha ulwimi

Ulwimi ngalunye luhlukile kwindlela yaso, enhle kwaye luyinkimbinkimbi yokuqonda nokufunda. Abantu abacinga ukuba iintlanga zaseAfrika zinesigama samagama amaninzi ziphosakeleyo. IsiRashiya, isiNgesi, isiJamani, isiTshayina, isiFrentshi - umntu akanakutsho ukuba enye ilula kunomnye. Umntu owazi ezininzi iilwimi unesihluthulelo kubuncwane obungenakubalwa, kuba abantu ngabanye baneenkcubeko zabo, amasiko, abanomdla wokufunda. Umlawuli waseRoma uCharles V uthe ukuba ngesiFrentshi kufuneka uxoxe nabahlobo, ngesiJamani - kunye neentshaba, ngesiSpanish - kunye noThixo, nangesiTaliyane - kunye nabasetyhini.

Ziziphi iilwimi?

Iilwimi zenzululwazi. Ngamaxesha onke, izazinzulu ziye zafunda iimpawu zeelwimi, zafanisa iingxoxo zabameli beentlanga ezahlukeneyo. Iilwimi ziyinxalenye yeelwimi ezijongene nokufunda iimpawu zolwimi oluthethiweyo. Ucwaningo lwezesayensi phakathi kweelwimi, amacandelo abo ababuthathaka nabomeleleyo, abantu abahlukeneyo. Iilwimi ziqwalasela iimpawu zegrama, isakhiwo samagama. Bonke abaphengululi bayavuma ukuba iilwimi zinesiseko esifanayo, ziyinkimbinkimbi ngokulinganayo, de kube umntu eqonda ukuba yintoni imfundiso abayifundisayo, yintoni ekufuneka ihlawule ngakumbi. Ziqukethe isethi yezandi kunye namagama, ukuhlela ukuba ngumyalelo othile, umntu ufumana indlela ekhethekileyo yokudala inani elikhulu lamagama. Umlimi ngumntu ophonononga iilwimi, uphuhliso lwazo, utshintsho kwixesha.

Izigaba eziphambili zeelwimi

Icandelo leelwimi, kwakhona lidibene ngamacandelwana amaninzi: i-theory, isetyenziswe kwaye iyasebenza. Ngamnye ulungisa iingxaki zawo. Iilwimi zeengcali zijongene nokufundiswa kwemithetho yeelwimi, ukudala iingcamango nemithetho. Kuyiyo emgangathweni kwaye iyimfuneko. Eyokuqala ichaza intetho njengoko kunjalo, kwaye yesibini ibonisa indlela yokuthetha ngayo. Abaphengululi beelwimi bafunda iilwimi, bafumane ukufana phakathi kwabo, bavelise amaqela anxulumene nabo, bafune iilwimi zendalo, njalonjalo.

Iilwimi ezisetyenziswayo zijongene nokuqaliswa kwemisebenzi yolwimi kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yomsebenzi wabantu. Ingaba ukuphuhliswa kwezixhobo ezikhethekileyo ekuguquleleni intetho, ukulungiswa kokusebenza kwenkqubo yolwimi, ukudala iikhowudi zokubhala, njl njl. Ulwimi olusebenzayo lujongene nolwazi lolwimi, ukudluliselwa kolwazi kwabanye. Oku kufanele kufake ukufundiswa kwentetho yabantwana basekhaya nabangaphandle, ukuguqulela, ukwenza i-artistic kunye nokwenza amagama ngamaxesha onke, lingvokonstrukirovanie. Iilwimi ezisebenzayo zifumene isicelo kwiingcamango ezidala icandelwana elifunyenweyo lweelwimi.

Ngubani o elwimi?

Iilwimi ziye zahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezininzi, kodwa zonke zinomgomo omnye - ukufundisisa ngokubanzi impawu yentetho. Umlimi ngumntu ohlola uphuhliso, uphuhliso kunye nokutshintsha kolwimi oluthile okanye iqela elipheleleyo kwicandelo lobugcisa. Ingcali ingasebenzisa ulwazi lwakhe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zesayensi kunye nemfundo. Emazweni ahlukeneyo kukho iziko ezizodwa apho iilwimi zenza iirejista ezahlukeneyo, izichazili, kwaye zihlolisise izihlomelo zabantu ezingaziwa ngaphambili.

Iingcali ziyakwazi ukubandakanya ukuguqulwa kwengcali kweetekisi, ukufundisa abantwana kunye nabantu abadala ukuba basebenzise iilwimi ezisemthonyalini nakwamanye amazwe. Banceda abantwana baqonde kwaye bakhumbule imithetho eyintloko yokwakha intetho, amagama abhaliweyo.

Ziziphi iilwimi ezikhoyo?

Zonke iilwimi kufuneka zihlulwe zibe ziindidi eziphambili. Okokuqala kufuneka kubhekiswe kwiilwimi ezifunda ulwimi olunye. Unako ukuzalwa kunye nolunye amazwe. Ezi zengcali azihlakazeki kwimisebenzi emininzi, kodwa ngokukhawuleza zichitha ixesha labo ekufundeni iimpawu zentetho yabantu abathile. Udidi lwesibini lubandakanya iilwimi zanamhlanje ezifunda iimpawu zeqela elithile leelwimi. Phakathi kwabo kukho iindibano zeMongolologists, izaveli, iiJamani kunye nezinye iingcali. Iqela lesithathu liquka abaqeqeshi abafunda iilwimi zengingqi. Zi-Afrikanist, Asiatists, Amerika kunye nabanye. Ulwalathiso lwezenzo zeelwimi luyahluke kwizinto kunye namacandelo. Umzekelo, ukwahlula i-morphologists, i-syntaxists, i-semantists, ii-phonetists.

Luhlobo luni lwemfundo oluyimfuneko?

Iingcali zengcali ziqeqeshwe ngolwazi olukhethekileyo lweelwimi okanye i-philological. Kodwa, njengoko iingcali zivuma, kwiimeko ezininzi imfundo ayanele. IsiLinguist - ubuntu obunemisebenzi eninzi, rhoqo ukukhangela ulwazi olutsha. Ukuze ube ngutitshala wenyaniso kwintsimi yakhe, ngaphezu kokufumana idiploma yemfundo ephezulu ye-philological, kufuneka ugqibe ukufundiswa kwe-postgraduate, internship okanye izifundo zoogqirha. Ukongeza, kufuneka uzalise rhoqo ulwazi lwakho ngolwazi olutsha, ngokuba awukwazi konke, kwaye iilwimi azimi, kodwa utshintshe.

Iimpawu eziphambili zeelwimi

Ukugqithisa kakuhle, ukunyamezela, ukuphumelela okuphezulu, ukunyamezela, ukukhwabanisa, imfundo, ukunyamekela, ukunyamekela, ukuqeqeshwa yizona iimpawu eziphambili ezifunekayo. Ingcali yolwimi kunoma yiphina imeko kufuneka ihlale isithemba, cinga ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ngokwakha. Ubungcali boshishino lwakhe alulona ulwimi kuphela, kodwa naye uhlalutyi. Iilwimi kufuneka zikhumbule ulwazi oluninzi, qaphela ingcaciso encinci. Iingcali ngokuqhelekileyo ziyazi indlela yokwenza kakuhle kwaye zichaze ngokucacileyo iingcamango zabo, zibonisa ukuthambekela kophando. Intsingiselo yegama elithi "ilwimi" ibonisa ukuba umntu onjalo kufuneka azi kakuhle ulwimi olufundiswayo. Kule nto kufuneka abe nokubuza, ube neendlebe ezilungileyo kunye nenkumbulo yamagama kunye nenjongo yombhalo.

Ziziphi iilwimi ezisetyenziswayo?

Kungekudala, lo msebenzi awuthandwanga kakhulu, njengoko abantu abatsha bakholelwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba kwixesha elizayo balinde iingxaki zomsebenzi. Nangona kunjalo, iingcali zesiRashiya zingasebenzisa ulwazi lwabo kwiinkalo zentlalo, isayensi, imfundo. Ngolu diploma, unokufumana umsebenzi njengomfundisi kwiziko, kwiikholeji okanye kwisikolo. Ezinye iingcali zikhetha ukwenza umsebenzi wesayensi. Kule meko, kufuneka uzenzele kumaziko ophando apho ungafunda khona iimpawu kunye nezigaba zophuhliso lolwimi. Iingcali ngokubhekiselele kuphando oluqhutywayo bhala amanqaku ezenzululwazi, imisebenzi, ukwenza iikhomputha, ukuthatha inxaxheba ekwakheni nasekudalweni kweencwadi zezifundo zabantwana bezilwanyana, izikolo kunye namaziko aphakamileyo emfundo.

Ukuphuhliswa nokusabalaliswa kobuchwepheshe bekhompyutheni kuye kwanda kakhulu ububanzi bemisebenzi yeelwimi. Ngoku iingcali ezinjalo zithatha inxaxheba ekuphuhliseni nasekudalweni kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo, ngokufanelekileyo zifake inzuzo yokuthetha. Iilwimi liyinkosi yelizwi, yintoni enye into enokuyenza kuyo, kungekhona kwimibuchwephetshe yolwazi? Abaqeqeshi abalungileyo baxabisa ubunzima begolide kwiintengiso, imidiya yoluntu, ubudlelwane boluntu.

Abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ufikelele kwisinyathelo esona siphezulu kwinqanaba lomsebenzi, ube yintloko yeSebe okanye umphathi weziko kwiziko leyunivesithi. Amathemba anjalo awawathandeki, kuba umvuzo wezesayensi uncinci. Abantu abancinci abatsha banokuzama isandla sabo kwishishini, umzekelo, ekubeni ngutokiki okanye ukuchasana kwinkampani yamazwe ngamazwe. Loo msebenzi uhlawulelwa ngaphezu kokufanelekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukufumana umsebenzi weelwimi akuyona ingxaki, kuyimfuneko kuphela ukuba ube yingcali enezakhono zokuphila.

Ingaba umsebenzi ufunekile?

Ngokuqhelekileyo iilwimi zifumana lula umsebenzi. Lo msebenzi awukwazi ukubizwa ngokuba wandiwe kwaye uyabalulekile, kodwa kwezinye iindawo zomsebenzi ontle iingcali zihlawulwa imivuzo efanelekileyo. Iilwimi zikwazi ukuzibonakalisa njengososayensi, umphandi, utitshala, umhumushi, umxhasi, inkcazo yezobuchwepheshe, umcebisi weprogram yekhompyutha. Ngokuxhomekeka kwizinto ozikhethile kunye namathuba, kufuneka ukhethe umsebenzi wakho.