Icon ngokungummangaliso nguMama kaThixo Kolomenskoye

Phakathi izinto zasekhaya yaseByzantium loMlawuli kuAndroniko III Palaeologus, luhlala itrone ukusuka kwiminyaka 1328 no 1341, i-ezingummangaliso sidumisa icon, ngokutsho legend, omnye ezintathu ezibhaliweyo kanye uSt Luke. Igama isicoco umniniyo wayinika igama, kwaye kwinkulungwane elandelayo Kwazeka oko njengoko icon ye nguMama kaThixo Kolomenskoye.

Icon, silondolozwe emlilweni

Ngaphambi nje kokufa kwakhe, * uKhesare (umfanekiso wakhe ngezantsi) pripodnos njengesipho kwanakumGrike Monastery ekummandla iPeloponnese lizwe. Apho, phantsi Iingqameko woonongendi yamandulo Kolomenskoye icon ye Umama wayehlala phambi ayehlasela Turks, echaziweyo 1821, usingasiqithi wayichitha weemonki.

Boyisa Ottoman bayiphanga zonke izinto ezixabisekileyo igcinwe woonongendi, baza ababa nako ukuma ngomlilo. Ngokungummangaliso wasinda kuphela i icon, isipho xa umlawuli lamaByzantine. Uye sihlangulwe ezandleni amaRoma Abbot uBishop Agapios. Esichengeni ubomi babo, Wayizisa free engcweleni kubahlaseli kwisixeko Patras (Patras igama mihla), kwaye kukho wayinika nomzala wakhe, Unozakuzaku Russian AN Vlassopulo.

Ibhalwe kwi ibhodi icon somthi waba ubungakanani encinane kakhulu ─ 35 cm x 25 cm. UMama oyiNgcwele kaThixo kuboniswa kuyo ngaphandle omnye umntwana wakhe obunguNaphakade. A phawu uphawu umfanekiso inxeba ukopha kwi entanyeni Virgin, wemka emva betha umkhonto, kwabona kwinkulungwane VIII, xa i-Emphaya baseByzantium ingene yi iconoclasm ngomlilo.

Indlela eya Russia

Ngowe-1839, i icon ye nguMama kaThixo Kolomenskoye wathunyelwa evela eGrisi eSt Petersburg, unyana kunye yindlalifa ubhubhileyo yi ngexesha le unozakuzaku. Phezu ukufika ikomkhulu loBukhosi Russian, loo ndawo yonqulo de 1868 owayephakathi kwalo ibandla kwikhaya lakwaWinter Palace, kwaye ke ixesha - Emnye Cathedral, ibekwe kwi kwicala Petrograd. Kukholelwa ukuba ngaloo minyaka efanayo, zabuya zarholelwa akathist Kolomenskoye icon ye nguMama kaThixo.

Ngo-Epreli 1877 umfanekiso oyingcwele ithunyelwe kwi Volochok enyangweni, apho ndibulisa iimbeko engaqhelekanga abefundisi zasekuhlaleni kunye bale dolophu. Emva kokuba inkonzo esindilisekileyo Kazan Cathedral, umngcelele amanqugwala safudukela kwisixeko ayikho kude loonongendi, owasekwa ngo-imbeko Kazan Icon ye nguMama kaThixo.

Imimangaliso sikizi Theodore Monastery

Xa i icon ye nguMama kaThixo Kolomenskoye bazingca lwendawo ebandleni iphambili woonongendi, abbess abbess yayo Dosifeya wabuza Sinodi oyiNgcwele kunye lwezikhalazo yokusekwa umkhosi ngokusesikweni lusuku efumaneka zingcwele. Kungekudala emva kokuba isicelo sakhe, yaye ukususela ngoko iye zanikezelwa kulo mbhiyozo icon kuqhutywa ngonyaka ngamnye ngoMeyi 1.

ubungqina ifudusiwe ukuba umthandazo Kolomenskoye icon ye nguMama kaThixo idla theka kuzaliseke iminqweno zethu zinzulu kwaye kunzima. Incwadi Collegiate uzele iirekhodi yokuphilisa abagulayo tshembiseke malunga yokufumana ulonwabo nokuzala nempumelelo. Akumangalisi ke, emva kokuba lo mfanekiso iye wayesoyikwa ngokungummangaliso.

Iminyaka wolawulo kwiBolsheviks

Oku waqhubeka kwaze iziganeko ezibuhlungu ka-1917, ngokupheleleyo yatshintsha yonke indlela yobomi eRashiya. Nokufika imikhosi kwabantu eMonastri yabafazi ivaliwe. Uninzi ezibe izakhiwo zalo intsimi wabatshabalalisa, nabo, ngokutsho abasemagunyeni, amelwe ixabiso lezoqoqosho, yakhiwa, yaye isetyenziselwa iimfuno ukhankase iyunithi yasemkhosini.

Ezimbini kwemimangaliso icon of sidumisa, zigcinwe woonongendi de kwakhe ─ Kolomenskoye kunye Kazan, watshintshelwa eyodwa wahlala ngexesha etempileni isixeko sivulekile. Loo Kazan Cathedral, nto leyo 1877 yaba isihlalo mibhiyozo zokumakisha ukufika umfanekiso St. Petersburg, ebhalwe ngesandla uLuka.

Isiphelo sale itempile buhlungu gqitha. uye ngempumelelo zonke namashumi ukongamela kwalowo ngamaKomanisi kunye namaphulo zabo rhoqo anti-zonqulo, ukuba ngowama-1993, xa kwehle ukwakhiwa ngokutsha yeCawa kwaye umva wachacha amawaka ezichithakeleyo uzihlambele iindawo. Kuyinto e plate ecaweni, nezambatho kunye icons ziye zidluliselwe komnye etempileni isixeko ─ Epiphany. Ukuze oku kwi 80s yokuqala ubekwe, kwaye icon ye nguMama kaThixo Kolomenskoye.

oyidingayo ebiwe

Xeshanye ekutshatyalalisweni Kazan Cathedral kufuphi-Vyshnego Volochka imvuselelo loonongendi apho engummangaliso Kolomenskoye icon phambi kokupheliswa yayo. Noko ke, ukuba babuyele kuye yena akazange abe. Emva ngo-1984 i icon, phantsi kweemeko twisisaka kakhulu, laye laxhwilwa Epiphany Church, kwaye akafumaneki unanamhla. engaphezu kwamashumi amabini Isiphelo kwakhe ayaziwa.

Kolomenskoye sidumisa e Pereslavl-Zaleski

Iindaba enkalo Pereslavl icons ezibiweyo saa kwilizwe ngo-2005. Noko ke, njengoko kanti, ayizange ayihambelani yokwenene. Isizathu sokuba isahlakalo wayo baba iziganeko ngokwazo eziphawulekayo. Yonke le nto yaqala emva ngowe-1998, xa omnye amarhamente umngenise etempileni Pereslavl-Zaleski Feodorovsky sigodlo, enziwe ubungakanani zendalo, ikopi olulandelelanayo yee icon ezibiweyo Kolomenskoye (ifoto ngezantsi). Emva kwexesha elithile, omnye umfazi wanika Monastery Kyoto, ubukhulu ububanzi nonwele ngokuhambelana ngaphambili wazisa yi iselangeni.

Ngaloo-Simfumene icon yabekwa etempileni, kodwa ngenxa yokuba zange ukumela naliphi na ixabiso yobugcisa okanye yembali, imbonakalo yayo abakhange. Kwakungekho de-2005, lo gama iselangeni, ngokutsho okuzibonela, akazange ayikhuphi ivumba emangalisayo, buyizalisile indlu le.

Umthombo ungaphelelwayo yamandla

Ngaphezu koko, ekuhambeni kwexesha oko kwabhalwa ngokuphilisa ngokungummangaliso ezininzi njengoko kubonisiwe imithandazo phambi kwakhe. Oku kwabangela uchulumanco olukhulu phakathi amakholwa kwaye kwanika ukonyuka kuye ingqalelo ikopi olulandelelanayo na ezingummangaliso yaso yoqobo ezibiweyo. Ukubhiyozela entsha icon lwenziwa ngoMeyi 14 ngoNovemba 4.

Emva konyaka, Kolomenskoye icon, okanye mandithi, ikopi yayo olulandelelanayo baqalisa msinga bawasebenzisa nentlaka emnandi, nto leyo enika ke udumo jikelele, yaye, ngokunjalo, landa inani abahambi. Ulwazi babengakholelwa uqaphele ukuba kukho ubungqina obubambekayo ngoku abantu bephila baye baphiliswe kuzo izifo zabo emva kotyelelo Feodorovsky eMonastri zabo, apho nanamhlanje yi Kolomenskoye icon ye nguMama kaThixo.

Yintoni ethandaza phambi kwayo, oko ngokucacileyo ukusuka mthandazo umfutshane zonke izibhalo ezibonisiweyo, kunye ifoto, eli nqaku sokuqala. Lowo engundoqo isicelo asithethelela khona? Phambi kwetrone nguMama kaThixo uSomandla lowo onika ubomi, impilo kunye bonke ubunewunewu isidalwa.