I-Volkswagen Kaefer: iinkcukacha, ukuphononongwa komnini, iifoto

I-Volkswagen Kaefer (Käfer) yinqwelo yemoto eyenzelwe yi-German concern VW AG, eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwihlabathi. Kwaye uphumelele. Kwaye imodeli yeVolkswagen Kaefer yavela ngo-1938 ukuya ku-2003! Zizibonakaliso nje ezingenakunqwenelekayo, ngenxa yokuba kwiimodeli zethu zonyaka ziveliswa ezintlanu ukuya kwiminyaka elishumi, kwaye ke ziyeke. Ewe, oku kufaneleka intlonipho kunye nokuqwalaselwa, ngoko ke le ngxoxo iya kuxoxwa ngeenkcukacha ezingakumbi.

Ukuqala kwembali

Ngethuba lexesha lokuvelisa, iimoto ezingama-21,529,464 zaveliswa. Le yinani elikhulu kakhulu. Umzekelo unembali enotyebileyo. Kwaye kufuneka uxelele.

Ngomnyaka we-1933 kwintlanganiso eyenziwa ehhotela laseBerlin ebizwa ngokuba yiKaiserhof, eyayibanjwe phakathi kukaJakob Verlin, uAdolf Hitler noFerdinand Porsche. I-German Fuhrer iqhubela phambili imfuno yakhe-ukuvelisa iJamani imoto ethembekileyo, eqinile neyomeleleyo, leyo ngexesha elifanayo liza kuba neendleko malunga neeReichsmarks eziliwaka. Le ngcamango yanikwa uHitler nguFerdinand Porsche ngokwakhe. Wacetyiswa kwakhona kwi-Fiihrer "Uhambo lwe-12" - imoto ye-injini yangemuva, kunokuba ibhajethi.

Eli xesha le ngcamango yayihlukile. Kwacetywayo ukuba iVolkswagen Kaefer (egama layo ngelo xesha yayingakaziwa) liya kuba yinkampani encinane, kodwa eyinkcazo enekhono elisezingeni eliphezulu kunye nokumiswa kokuzimela. Lo mzekelo kwakufuneka ufumane abantu abadala abane. Ixabiso lifanele lenziwe liphantsi, kwaye isantya esiphezulu (ngelo xesha), okt 100 km / h.

Ukuphunyezwa kweprojekthi

Emva kwenkampani eninzi ukuzama ukuphumeza le ngcamango, le projekthi yanquma ukutshintshela kwisixhobo esikhulu somqhubi wesithuthuthu-inkampani uZündapp. Iqumrhu lalifuna nje ukudala into entsha, enamandla nangakumbi. Ngoko inkqubo yaqala. Ngomnyaka we-1931-32, iiprototypes ezintathu zenziwe. Kwakuyi-sedans ezimbini enegumbi elivaliweyo kunye ne-convertible. Ngaphantsi kwee-hood babeneenkampani zamandla ezinjengeenkwenkwezi kunye nenkqubo yokupholisa amanzi. Kwakukho ukungaphumeleli kwezobugcisa. Noqoqosho olungasebenzi. Ngoko ukuphuhliswa kweVolkswagen Kaefer kuthatyathwe enye inkampani yaseNuremberg-NSU. Nangona kunjalo, badibanisa abathathu abaqalisi beengcamango abangazange bathande. Nangona imoto yafana kakhulu nomzekelo esiyaziyo namhlanje. Enyanisweni, amandla akhe angama-lititha ezingama-28. Nge., Kunye nokumiswa kwe-torsion-lever.

Nangona kunjalo, iziganeko zikaHitler zabuvuza ummeli wePorsche ozama ukusebenzela ngokukhangela ezinye iingcali ukuba ziphumelele iziphumo. Emva koko, inkqubo enzulu ngokwenene yaqala, eyaphela ngokuphumelelayo.

Ibhola lokuqala

Imoto yokuqala yeVolkswagen Kaefer yabonakala ngo-1937. Kwakukhutshwe ngokulandelelanayo - inani leemodeli eziveliswe liyunithi ezingamashumi amathathu. Inkqubo yokuguqula le ngcamango kwinyani yenyuswa yiFührer. Waye watyelela abaqulunqi bemoto.

Oomatshini bokuqala babe nodonga olungaboniyo. UHitler akazange akuthande oku. Ngenxa yokuba le mpazamo isuswe ngokukhawuleza. Kwaye ngowokuqala, oko kuthetha, uvavanyo lokuqhubela phambili lwaluqhutyelwa ngabaqhubi abaqeqeshiweyo, abaye bakhupha idivayisi yezothutho kwinkonzo ye-SS.

Ewonke, uvavanyo lweemoto zonke ezili-2 million. Kwaye ngo-1938 le projekthi, eyayibizwa ngokuthi "Amandla ngovuyo," ifunyenwe iziqendu ezisemthethweni. I-Volkswagen K-fer, isithombe esinikezwe ngezantsi, sinebhodi ekhuselekileyo yokuthwala i-flat floor, i-unit-sldge ephikisana ne-4-cylinder engasemva kwesigxina esingaphandle, kunye nokumiswa okuzimeleyo Uyilo - luhlelwe kakhulu, lujikeleze, "lwezinto eziphilayo." Wathanda i furreru. U-Adolf Hitler ngokwakhe uthatha inxaxheba ekwakheni isicatshulwa (kwaziwa ukuba wayengumculi olungileyo). Kokuguqulwa - ii-cabriolets ezine-door kunye ne-sedans.

Inkonzo kwi-Wehrmacht

Imoto enkulu kakhulu iVolkswagen Kaefer ngelo xesha yaqala ukuthandwa ngabantu abangama-40. Kwakuye ke loo nto imoto yempi yadalwa. Imoto yayihluke ngohlobo lokuba inomzimba omzimba ongenamandla omine ezinezixhobo zokuhamba ngevili, iivili eziyi-16 intshi kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo, iipaneli eziphathekayo. Kwakukho ukuhlukana kokuzikhusela ngokuzimela, ukukhutshwa kwamagenti angama-29 kunye ne-25-horse-power motor. Kuze kube ngo-1945, malunga ne-50 435 imizekelo enjalo yaveliswa. Ngaloo xesha kwakukho imoto enkulu yokuhamba ngeVolkswagen Kaefer. Sekunjalo ekukhanyeni kwaphuma inguqu ye-wheel drive yomzekelo. Inokuziqhayisa ngokusasazeka, okwathathwa kwi-Tour ye-Tour 166 (imoto enkulu yempi).

Emva kweenqaba

Kwiminyaka elishumi, le "Volkswagen" iye yaziwa kakhulu. Ngoko umveliso waqhubeka uphucula. Kwaye ekupheleni kweminyaka engama-40, okanye ngaphezulu, ngo-1948, i-Beetle-cabriolets yokuqala yabonakala ezitalatweni. Baye baphumelela kwaye baqala ukukhululwa.

Kwaye kwiminyaka yama-50, iimoto ezisebenza kwiiyunithi zamandla edizi zaziwa. Kwaye kulabo bahluke kakhulu ivolumu - 1.3 ilitha! Ukufika kwiikhilomitha eziyi-100 ngeyure umzekelo kunye nenjini enjalo ingakhawuleza imfutshane. Kwakuyinto enobungozi ngelo xesha. Ukuba siqwalasela into yokuba imoto ayinayo i-turbocharger. Iziganeko zeVolkswagen Kaefer zenziwe ziphuculwe, ziphuculwe kakhulu, xa zithelekiswa nongaphambili.

Kwaye ngo-1967, amandla eyunithi yamandla yaziswa kwizinga lama-horse-power. Utshintshile kwaye ubukeka. Umzimba waba ncinane. Ngendlela, kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva kwagqitywa ekubeni kungabikho i-Super Beetle engaphezulu. Ngoko baqala ukuvelisa eziqhelekileyo, eziqhelekileyo kunye ne-cabriolets.

Iinguqu eziphakamileyo

Ukuhlaziywa kweVolkswagen Kaefer ngexesha elifumanekayo kuphela. Abanikazi abazange banqikaze ukwabelana ngeentlobo zabo kunye nabahlobo, badumisa imoto yaseJamani. Babethanda ukuyila, ukuphakama kakhulu (ngelo xesha) amandla, induduzo kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. Ngoko ukuthandwa kweVolkswagen kuye kwanda ngokukhawuleza. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba inkxalabo yagqiba ukuqala ukuvelisa imodeli eya kuba yinto ehloniphekileyo, isicatshulwa. Ngoko ke, ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-50, i-studio yeKarmann yafumana umyalelo ovela kubameli beenkampani ukuphuhlisa into entsha, enhle ngakumbi. Ngoko kwakukho imoto kwisikhephe. Kwakungeyona indlela yendlela, kodwa inqabileyo enemizila emibini. Kwaye abaninzi abagxekayo kuloo minyaka bathi umgangatho wabo ngowona mhle kwihlabathi. Akufuneki ukuthetha, ezo matshini zithunyelwa ngaphandle kwala mazwe apho i -traffic-left trains ehleliweyo .

Ukusabalalisa ngokupheleleyo "imodeli" eyayiyimoto engaphezu kwama-487waka. Kwaye kwakunomfanekiso oqinileyo. Akufuneki ukuthetha, nangona ngoku kuthethwa njengento eninzi.

Käfer kwizobugcisa

Njengezinye iimoto ezininzi, le "Volkswagen" ayiyona imoto kuphela, kodwa isahlulo senkcubeko. Ngoko, umzekelo, siyakubona lo mzekelo kwiphepha le-albhamu yeqela elithandwayo i-Beatles. Kubizwa ngokuba yiAbbey Road. Kwaye isitya esineenombolo ukusuka kuloo moto (LMW281F) sachithwa ngaphezu kweyodwa. Kwakhona kuthethwa ngohlobo "lobubungqina" bokufa kukaPaul McCartney ngo-1966 (kukufanelekile ukukhumbula umxholo wokufa kwakhe).

Kwaye le moto ikhona kwiincwadi ezibhalwa nguJim Butcher. Uluhlu lubizwa ngokuba yiDosden's Dossier. Kuzo, i-protagonist ngumnini we-blue VW Käfer kwaye uyayigxotha rhoqo.

Kwaye kwi-movie imoto iboniswa rhoqo. "NgoLuthando oluncinane", "Ukuphanga eMorth Carlo", "UHerbie uhamba kwakhona", "U-Herbie uyahamba", "I-Volkswagen beetle 2", "Uhlanga oluthile", "Abadlali" - kuzo zonke iifilimu imoto ithathe inxaxheba. Ngoko ke imoto edumile.

Inyaniso

Ku luncedo ukwazi ukuba le moto iyabhalwa kwi-Guinness Book of Records! Ubhale inani elikhulu labantu "abapakethe" ngaphakathi kwe-salon yakhe-36! Ngokwenene uphawu lwerekhodi. Kodwa yabetha ngabaqhubi, ababekuphezu naphakathi ... 57. Idatha ebalulekileyo.

Ngendlela, kwakuyilo mzekelo owaba ukhokho we-subset efana noomatshini njenge-buggies - beetles. Nangona ngokusemthethweni eJamani, ngolwimi lwaseJamani lwalwimi lwesizwe, le "yiVolkswagen" beetle ayikho into eyayibizayo. Kwakhona, lo mzekelo wangena kumashishini aphezulu alitshintshile ihlabathi. Le datha yanyatheliswa yi-journal ye-Forbes. Kwaye, ngendlela, i-Käfer - isiqhelo esisekude kuyo yonke imoto yezemidlalo, okwakhiqizwa ngoku yiPorsche.

Leli bali linomdla umdlali. Zityebi, zityebi, zizele zizinto ezizonwabisa kunye nezingaqhelekanga. Akumangalisi ukuba abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba lo mshini ube yinyani "iVolkswagen", kwaye ngokubanzi - umxholo waseJamani weminyaka ede.