I-Immunoglobulin ene-tick bite: ukusebenzisa, ukuchasene

Unyaka ngamnye amawaka amabhikithi e-tick aqoshiwe kwilizwe lethu. Njengoko uyazi, ezi zinambuzane zithwala ezininzi izifo ezithathelwanayo. Iprophylactic ithetha apha ku-immunoglobulin, kunye nokulinywa kwekhayi kubeka kuwo onke amaziko ogqirha kwelizwe.

Ulwazi oluqhelekileyo malunga neekhegi

Kukho iintlobo zama-ticks ezingaphezu kwama-40,000 , ezininzi zazo ezondla izityalo ezibolile, amakhowe kunye nezinambuzane ezincinci. Kodwa kukho nabo bakhetha igazi.

Ezi zinambuzane ziluma ikakhulukazi kwimozulu eshushu. Abayithandi imvula. Kunzima ukuphawula ukuhlaselwa kwekhaksi, kuba ngexesha lokuluma, lenza i-anesthetic. Ukukhetha izinambuzane ziindawo ezifihliweyo phantsi kweengubo kunye naluphi na ulusu lukhuni. Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu bawafumana kwiindawo zabo, kwi-scalp, kwiingalo nasemilenzeni, nakwindawo yokulima.

Iyintoni ingozi yekhakiti yokuluma?

Ezi zinambuzane ziyingozi ngenxa yokuba ziphethe izifo ezininzi ezahlukileyo, ezona zimbi kakhulu ziyi-encephalitis kunye nesifo seLyme. Kakade ke, akubona zonke izibungu ezihlaselwa zizifo, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba zichanele oku kwimeko nganye kwi-laboratory kuphela.

Iintlobo ezinobungozi kakhulu ihlathi laseYurophu kunye ne- taiga mites. Zikhulu ngokwaneleyo, zondla ngegazi, amaxhoba abo ahlala ehlala ngabantu.

Abantu bokuqala bavela ngo-Epreli. Ziyasebenza kakhulu phakathi kukaMeyi nakwinyanga yokuqala kaJulayi, ngoko kubakho abantu bayanyamalala, kodwa kungekhona bonke. Ngamanye amaxesha, amacala okuhlaselwa ngamabele kunye nokuqala kwekwindla aqoshiwe.

Izibindi zikwazi ukuthunga ixhoba ukusuka kumgama weemitha ezili-10. Ngokuqhelekileyo izinambuzane zihlasela ezihlahleni okanye ezihlahleni ezingadluli kuma-50 cm. Zikhetha indawo ezimanzi, zingabi nxubile kwaye zinotshani obuninzi. "Abathandekayo" kuzo iindawo ezisemaphandleni, iindlela ezinotshani eziqingqiweyo, iintlambo.

Iikitikiti azihlaseli zivela phezulu. Ukuba inambuzane ifunyenwe ekhanda, ke yaqhuba khona ukusuka ngaphantsi ekukhangekeni kwindawo efanelekileyo yokunyana.

Ukuthintela ukubetha

Ukukhuselwa okuthe ngqo kwi-tick-borne encephalitis isifo sokugonya esenziwe ngexesha. Ixesha elifanelekileyo liyiminyaka emithathu. Kodwa akukho nto yokugonywa kwisifo seLyme, ukukhusela kuphela kunokukunceda.

Ukuze ugweme ukudibanisa neentlobo zezinambuzane zegazi, ungasebenzisa izihlunu. Zifakelwa kwiingubo kunye nesikhumba esicacisiweyo. Ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo, qiniseka ukuba ufunda imiyalelo. Kwanele ukuqhuba izicathulo, ibhulukhwe kunye nemikhono. Ukukhusela okusemgangathweni, kufuneka ulungele iifestile zakho kwiisokisi okanye kwiibhothi zakho.

Ngomlingo wokulima

Ukuba awukwazi ukuphepha ukudibana, kunye nekhakiti ikubetha, kufuneka isuswe ngokucokisekileyo. Qinisekisa ukuba uqinisekisa ukuba zonke iinambuzane zikhutshwa, kwaye intloko yakhe ayishiywanga kwilonda. Izilwanyana zifakwa kwijelo yeglasi kwaye zithunyelwa kwibhubhoratri ukuze ziviwo kwiiyure ezingama-24 ezizayo. Uhlalutyo luya kuxela ukuba ngaba ngumthwali we-encephalitis okanye isifo seLyme.

Nangona i-mite ngokwayo yayingumthutheli wesifo, oku akuthethi ukuba ixhoba sele liqeshwe. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uye esibhedlele ukuba indawo yokuluma ivuvuka kwaye ibuyiselwe. Ukuba ngaphakathi kwenyanga emva kokuluma kukho ukungonakaliswa okukhulu kwintlalo, kufuneka udibane nogqirha.

Omnye kufuneka kwakhona akhumbule ukuba izibungu azihluphekanga nje nge-encephalitis okanye isifo seLyme. Bangakwazi ukuhambisa ezinye izifo ezininzi, ezingekho nengozi, kodwa zithandekayo kwaye zifuna unyango.

Uncedo olukhawulezileyo

Kwiintsuku ezi-3 (okanye ezingcono - iiyure ezingama-24 zokuqala) ukususela ngexesha lokususwa kwekhakiti, kuyimfuneko ukuyihlola kwibhubhoratri, kunye nokufaka isicelo kwiziko lezonyango ukwenzela ukuthintela ukuphuhliswa kwezifo ezinzulu. Kuqhutyelwa ngaphandle, nangona ukubetha kwangaphambili kwakugonywe.

Yaye yintoni i-immunoglobulin ebeka kwi-tick bite? Kukho ezininzi. Kwimanyango ogqirha, oogqirha bakhetha i-antiancephalitis, ekubeni le sifo yingozi kakhulu.

I-Immunoglobulin ayincedi ukuba umntu unesivumelwano sesilonda okanye ezinye izifo. Isilwanyana sibiza kakhulu, sithintela. Iindleko ze-ampoule enye i-ruble 600. Ukupakishwa kwama-ampoules ama-10 sele kubiza kakhulu. Inokubangela ukuba isisombululo senzeke.

Isilwanyana sikhiqizwa kwi-serum yegazi lomnikelo wabantu abaye banyamezela i-encephalitis ekhutshwe ngekiti. Sebenzisa iziyobisi kunye nemilinganiselo yokukhusela, kwaye ngexesha lesifo ngokwaso. Ngaphambi kokuba uyisebenzise, kubalulekile ukuba ufunde malunga neziyobisi ngokunokwenzeka.

Immunoglobulin antitussive

Ulungelelwano luqulethe i-protein ye-immunologically active (protein) eyenziwa yiplasma okanye i-serum. Abaxhasi ngabantu abaye banyamezela i-encephalitis ekhutshwe ngekiti. Emzimbeni wabo, kukho izifo zengcinezelo kule ntsho longwane. Ziyisiseko sonyango. Iprotheni ithathwa kuphela kubantu abasempilweni, ukuvavanywa ngokungekho kwe-hepatitis C kunye ne-HIV.

I-prolifer stabilizer is glycine (aminoacetic acid). I-antibiotics kunye nezilondolozo kwiziyobisi azikho.

I-Immunoglobulin ene-tick bite ixhaphazwa kakhulu ngendlela ye-ampoules enegunya le-1 milliliter nganye. Ingumbane ongenakubalabala, kodwa, nangona kunjalo, unokufumana i-hue eluhlaza. Ukuba i-sediment ifunyenwe phantsi kwe-ampoule, yigxininise ngokwaneleyo kwaye iyalala.

Ama-immunoglobulins angabakwizidakamizwa zeglasi. Ama-antibodies asebenzayo aqulethwe ekulungiseleleni aphelise i-tick-borne encephalitis kwisifo. Kwakhona, isichengisi sandisa ukwanda komzimba womntu.

Ukuxinwa kwamanzi amaninzi emzimbeni kufezwa ngosuku lwesibini emva kokulawulwa kweziyobisi. Ubomi bemizuzu ithatha iiveki ezi-4-5.

Iinkcazo kunye nokuchasene

Njengomthetho, i-immunoglobulin inqunywe njenge-prophylactic agent kunye ne-tick bite. Injongo ephambili yonyango lwe-encephalitis.

Kodwa ingabe i-immunoglobulin ingenakungozi? Xa ukulunywa kweengqungquthela zeengqungquthela ekulungiseleleni ziyafumaneka. Akunakuyithathwa xa umntu enesisombululo esiphezulu kwizinto ezithile zecandelo leziyobisi. I-aicic dermatitis, i-asthma okanye izifo zesistim ezinxulumene neendlela zokuzivikela nge-immunopathological zichasene nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi.

Xa uthabatha amayeza, iimpendulo ezingathandekiyo zenzeke kangako. Phakathi kwabo, oku kulandelayo kuphawulwe: umkhuhlane, i-hyperemia, ububele kwindawo apho i-dose ye-immunoglobulin ilawulwa ngokukhawulwa kwekhaksi, ukuphazamiseka, ukuphazamiseka okungafanekiyo nokunyanyiswa kwe-anaphylactic.

Idatha kwimpembelelo yechiza kumzimba wesifazane ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye nexesha lokukhulelwa apho, ngoko oogqirha abacebisi ukuba bathathe ukugwema imiphumo emibi.

Iingenelelo kunye nokungalunganga

Eli liyeza alinakusebenza emva kweentsuku ezi-4 ukususela ngexesha lokuluma. Ingasetyenziselwa njengeprophylaxis, kodwa umphumo awuyi kuhlala ngaphezu kweenyanga.

I-immunoglobulin enhle kakhulu inceda ngokuluma kwekhaksi, umphumo okhuselekileyo wokukhusela uphumelela emva komhla. Nangona kunjalo, ugonyamelo lube ngcono.

Unokufaka iyeza kuphela kwisibhedlele, inkqubo kufuneka yenziwe ngunyango lwezonyango. Kukho izizathu ezininzi zezi zinto: okokuqala, isilwanyana kufuneka sigcinwe kwindawo eyomileyo nendawo emnyama kwiqondo lokushisa kwama-2 ukuya kwi-10 degrees, kwaye okwesibini, inokubangela ukuphendulwa kweendlela ezahlukeneyo, ukuya kutshitshiswa kwe-anaphylactic. Kwimeko yokugqibela, ubukho bogqirha buya kugcina ubomi bomguli.

Izindlela zesicelo seziyobisi

Isilwanyana sifumaneka kuma-ampoules. Akafakwe kwisithambiso. Isingeniso se-"Immunoglobulin" ngokulunywa kwekhaksi ngokuqinisekileyo senziwe nge-intramuscularly. Ngaphambi koku, kucetyiswa ukuba ukulungiswa kugcinwe kwiqondo lokushisa kweyure kwiiyure ezingama-2. Iyeza lizaliswe kwisirinji kuphela ngenaliti evulekile kakhulu, ukuze kuphephe ukubonakala kobuqhophololo.

Awukwazi ukugcina i-ampoule evulekile. Kwakhona, ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba le nkunkuma iye yachithwa (ukunyaniseka kwiphakheji kuye kwaphulwa okanye ukubhalisa kungathandabuzeki), ayikwazi ukusetyenziswa.

Kwaye nokuba kuyimfuneko ukubeka i-immunoglobulin kwi-tick bite? Ukuba akukho ziphikisana noko, kungcono ukwenza oko. Isifo esinjalo, njenge-encephalitis ephathekayo, kunzima kakhulu ukuthwala. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba amayeza aya kunceda ukuba ilawulwa kwiintsuku ezintathu zokuqala emva kokuluma.

I-Immunoglobulin ingasetyenziselwa kwangaphambili, ukuba kukho ukuphakama okuphezulu ukuba kusasa umntu uza kulwa nekhakiti. Isilwanyana sinomphumela kwiiyure ezingama-24-48, kwaye ukukhuselwa ngokubanzi kuya kuhlala kwinyanga. Emva koko, ukuba kuyimfuneko, unokuphinda umjovo we-immunoglobulin. Xa ibhola lixilwe, injini iphinda iphindwe.

Amanyathelo esilwayo

Njengomlinganiselo wokuthintela, isilwanyana senziwa ngesantya se-0.1 milliliter kilogram yesisindo sokuphila.

Ukuba iimpawu zesifo sele zibonakalisiwe, i-immunoglobulin isetyenziswe njengenye yamayeza. Ukubalwa kwe dose kufanayo. Ikhosi yokuthatha iziyobisi kule meko zingama-3-5 iintsuku. Ngeli xesha, isigulane kufuneka sifumane ubuncinane ii-milliliters ezingama-21 zamachiza.

Ukuba i-encephalitis ephawulwe ngekhakthi iboniswa, ikhosi yokuthatha isilwanyana kufuneka ihlale ihlala ixesha elide ade isiguli sigxilise. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ukwanda kwenani leziyobisi ukuya ku-0.15 milliliters nganye ngekhigram yesisindo somzimba kuvunyelwe.

I-Immunoglobulin xa ilunywe yikhaksi ivumelekile ukuba ithathwe kunye nezinye iziyobisi. Kulo mzekelo, kubalulekile ukuba ungabadibanisi. Oku kuthetha ukuba iziyobisi kufuneka zifakwe ngokwahlukileyo.

Ukuba umntu unomnqweno wokubeka i- inoculation ngokubhekisele kwi-encephalitis ephathekayo, kwaye ngoku kutshatyalaliswa kwakhe nge-immunoglobulin, kuya kufuneka alinde inyanga.

Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukubeka i-immunoglobulin kwi-tick bite kumntwana. Isisombululo kule meko ibalwa ngokusekelwe kwisisindo somntwana. Kwiimeko ezizodwa, ugqirha kuphela onokumisela umyalelo apho umthamo wonyango lomntwana uza kuboniswa.

Imiyalelo ekhethekileyo

Ukuqaliswa kwelixa elipheleleyo leziyobisi kunokukhawuleza kubangele ukukhutshwa kwesikhumba. Oku kunokugwenywa ukuba iilenki zenziwa kwiindawo ezininzi zomzimba.

Emva kwesojoza, ugqirha unyanzelekile ukuba agcine isigulane ubuncinane isiqingatha seyure, ukwenzela ukuba xa kuthengiswa ngumntwana we-anaphylactic ukugcina ubomi bomntu. Ngoko kwi-arsenal yogqirha kufuneka kubekho izidakamizwa ezichasayo.

Abanqwelisi abanako ukwesaba ukubeka umjovo we-immunoglobulin. Isenzo salo asinciphisi ingqwalasela, ukuze bakwazi ukuqhuba imoto yabo ngokuphepha.

Ekugqibeleni

Iikitikithi ziyizinambuzane ezinobungozi kakhulu, njengoko ziyi-vectors ezihlukahlukeneyo zezifo zentsholongwane. Into eyona nto iyingozi kukuba i-encephalitis ephathekayo. Kukho amayeza acetyiswayo ukuba asebenzise emva kokudibana nenambuzane. Ngaba i-immunoglobulin inokunceda ukukhawula ngokukhawuleza? Ewe, kodwa kuphela xa kuziswa ngexesha. Unempembelelo emininzi. Nangona kunjalo, okwangoku kungenye yeendlela ezikhuselekileyo zokukhusela i-encephalitis ephathekayo.