I-ICBC ibandakanyiwe? kuqondwe Table

Umntu ngamnye isicelo kukhathalelo lwempilo, ubuncinane kanye ebomini babo wamnika ICBC. Olu hlahlelo inika inkcazelo malunga ugqirha parameters ngabanye imo eziphilayo. Ngenxa yokuba le nto wadibana onke amalungu nayiphi esiphilayo, uhlalutyo igazi ubonisa ulwazi oluninzi. Le data ungeneyo kuhlalutyo egazini jikelele ukuba ifakiwe kumafa layo, uqulathwe yintoni amanani, - ukuqinisekisa impendulo umzimba iyonke ukuba inkqubo yayintsholongwane eyosulela ibakho emzimbeni.

Ukuze athathe imali encinci yegazi localulo, oko kuyimfuneko ukuze afumane kwamagqabi ring emnweni, pinholes inaliti awodwa ezilahlwayo engenazintsholongwane (Lancet). Uhlalutyo umisela impendulo efanelekileyo zokuzikhusela zomzimba inyathelo yangaphandle, ngamanye ukwandisa inani leukocytes ukuba ulwe usulelo, utshintsho iipropati emzimbeni.

Iimpawu Basic test igazi

I-ICBC ibandakanyiwe? Okokuqala, izalathisi ezininzi ulwazi.

1. Athwala, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, reticulocytes - umlinganiselo ebizwa ngokuba "yefowuni ebomvu".
2. Leukocytes emaXhoseni zabo (neutrophils lymphocyte) - izalathi si zokunikwa "imizimba white".
3. ESR - Isalathisi se ncwadi reactivity jikelele.

Ke kaloku, ngakumbi malunga nodweliso zifakiwe kwi-ICBC. Yintoni ezingaqukwanga kwinkcazelo uxhulumano, ngoko ke iiseli ezibomvu kunye iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi.

Iiseli ezibomvu kunye reticulocytes egazini

Iiseli ezibomvu - ukuba iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, umsebenzi omkhulu kubo - izithuthi ioksijini kwizihlunu nge mpilo. Njengoko kwalo, inani iiseli ezibomvu igazi kulo umntu ebomini-eguqukayo. Kuzalwa la manani aphezulu: 6.0 - 5.5 * 10¹² / l erythrocytes. Ngokuthe ngcembe inani iiseli ezibomvu zegazi a uyancipha umntwana ekupheleni kwenyanga 1 luba 4.8-5.0 * 10¹² / l. Igazi iiseli ezibomvu egazini kudlula ngokupheleleyo zonke izigulane.

Reticulocytes - a siphu- iiseli ezibomvu, oko kukuthi, abaselula iiseli ezibomvu. Ekubeni inkqubo yokuhlaziywa iiseli zegazi rhoqo, ngoko ke kusoloko kukho umlinganiselo othile zezi fom akuqolanga. Ukumisela abo onke, ngokufuthi kwimeko anemia okanye ukopha. I eliqhelekileyo reticulocyte count umlinganiselo 0.5-0.6 PPM.

Inqanaba mpilo emzimbeni

Athwala - into enzima, nto leyo equlethwe erythrocyte, ubume kunokuba abe khona njenge compound protein (globin) kunye na equlethe yentsimbi (heme). Umsebenzi ophambili mpilo - ukubonelela zonke izicwili mpilo kwaye kususa icarbon dioxide ancedisana emiphungeni. Umxholo athwala emzimbeni - nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu nesimo sempilo. Eyona athwala eliphezulu xa kuzalwa - 175-235 g / l, ngoko inqanaba yayo kunciphisa. Xa iinyanga ezintandathu umntwana norm - 120-125 g / l. Xa abantwana abadala kunye nabantu abadala, komda omncinci ka - 110 g / l. Kukho imbono engachananga ukuba xa ephezulu haemoglobin egazini, ngcono. Kodwa ke, nangona kunjalo, inqanaba eliphezulu iiseli ezibomvu futhi umthamo ukuze abonise ezahlukeneyo iimeko zophendlo lwezifo. Umzekelo, imigangatho ephakamileyo ngehemoglobin inokuba sikombisa ukuqina igazi, oko kukuthi emzimbeni.

Iyonke test igazi eziku kubandakanya ukuchongwa nakwezinye iimo ezalathayo.

Isalathisi Umbala - Ukuzalana ngobukhulu kuzo kugqiba umxholo mpilo kubalulekile yokuqingqa uhlobo kwegazi. Oku ngesiqhelo kuluhlu 0.85 -1.0.

zegazi Kwathi ukufumanisa izifo kunokwenzeka enxulumene igazi, ngokunjalo ekuxilongweni izifo lomongo wethambo.

Zegazi - egazi, ezichaphazela inkqubo igazi ekunqandeni. Zegazi count sehla kwezinye izifo, ezifana wegazi, iintlobo ezithile kwegazi, yaye ngamanye amaxesha izifo ezosulelayo amagciwane.

Trobotsitov inqanaba omzimba nempilo kuluhlu - 180 * 10⁹ cells / l - 320 * 10⁹ iiseli / ilitha. Uhlalutyo on zegazi phambi kokuba nawuphi na umsebenzi yenzelwa ukujonga igazi ekunqandeni.

ESR - isafobe eyaziwa ngokuba lidliwa ibhadi. Ikhankanya inani omise ezilalisa kwityhubhu ngeyure 1. Xa kubelekwa ngayo into ILUNGILE - 23 mm / h, kwiintsana - 4-8 mm / h abantwana abadala kunye nabantu abadala - 5-10 mm / iyure okanye ngaphezulu.

ESR yaligqiba yezifo yokukrala umzimba, kungakhathaliseki ndawo nangokurhala, ukudumba ngxuba, kungona yokusebenza. ESR lunikezelo ibonakala izifo yingozi, kwiimeko ezinjalo ngayo ukuya ku 50-60 mm / h and more.

Iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe egazini

Iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe - iiseli akhusela umzimba xa kuthe kwii-kwiintsholongwane izifo. Inani leukocytes ngexesha lenkqubo yokukrala kwiimeko ezininzi ukunyuka ukumelana kutshatyalaliswe iintsholongwane izifo. Ngamanye amaxesha olubonisa leukocytes nivuke ngenxa uxinzelelo okanye ukutya okunamafutha.

iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi abachasene nawuphi na umonakalo eluswini, ukukhusela umonakalo eziko ukuthintela ukusasazeka kosulelo. Ngokuqina komtshiso oko kukuthi, kokukhona umzimba uvelisa iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, yaye kokukhona eyele uvavanyo egazini jikelele. Yintoni ifakiwe ekwakhiweni igazi kunye amajoni omzimba ukumelana nesi sifo, ungafumana iinkcukacha zohlalutyo. Ukuba, umzekelo, umntwana kuphuhliswa inyumoniya, yaye iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi na landa, ngoko ke amajoni omzimba akakwazi ukumelana, kwaye kusoloko oogqirha kuyakhathaza. Igazi iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kufuneka Kwathi besola ukudumba emzimbeni, njengoko kwimeko appendicitis, le Uhlalutyo luza kunceda uxilongo ngokukhawuleza. Ukwehlisa umgangatho iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi inokubonakalisa phantsi izifo ezithile egazini, ubuthi, eqhuba iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango.

Ukongeza kwezi mpawu, ugqirha kufuneka abone ubukhulu kunye nokumila iiseli ezibomvu kunye notshintsho kubume iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, oko kudla kunceda ukuseka uxilongo echanekileyo.

Zalisa count igazi, nto leyo ebonisa itafile, osondeza iziphumo zomntu avareji usempilweni.

Ukusuka kwithontsi ngalinye legazi, unako ukwenza izifundo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ezithetha umsebenzi wamalungu ngamnye kunye nenyama xa iyonke.

protein Total

Phantsi kwale kulingwa ukuthini ubude iigrem iimolekyuli protein equlethwe ngelitha 1 igazi. Xa abadala, ngokuqhelekileyo kuya kuba 55 ukuya 80 g / l kubantwana abancinane kancinane ngaphantsi. iimolekyuli protein, aba bakhoyo egazini zahluke kwizakhiwo zazo.

Uhlalutyo le mali idluliselwe amaqhezu protein, ngenxa igqirha isifundo ifumana inkcazelo ebalulekileyo ukuzimisela eyiyo isifo kwaye afumane unyango.

Uninzi amacandelo protein ezinkulu:

• Albumin - molecule proteinaceous yokubopha amanzi.
• Alpha-1-globulin, ngokuqhelekileyo 3.5 - 6% ukunyuka kwinqanaba zale sifo.
• Alpha-2-globulin, ngokuqhelekileyo 6.9 - 10%, ngowokuqala ukuphendula kwinkqubo komtshiso oko.
• Beta-globulin, ngokuqhelekileyo i-7-12%, ukunyuka kwenzeka kwinqanaba zale sifo kunye utshintsho ngendlela ezigulo ezondeleyo.
• globulin gamma, ezo izilwa-buhlungu, ngokokuqhelekileyo 12-19%, xa izifo ezingapheliyo kwandisa inqanaba labo.
• C-izidubuli protein - zomzimba zosulele ukudumba uba HIV.

Uvavanyo igazi iswekile

Kuliwa ukufunda carbohydrate yokucolwa zepancreas kunye novavanyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukunikela iswekile yegazi ukufumanisa amathuba seswekile. Ezivunyelwe glucose - 3.3-5.5 mmol / l. Kubalulekile ukulandela lo mthetho: iswekile yegazi iyathathwa ngomnwe wakho ungatyanga kusasa, phambi kwesidlo kufuneka ungadlulanga owe-19,00, oko kukuthi ixesha lincinane phakathi ukudla kunye nocazululo iya kuba esingekho ngaphantsi kweeyure ezingama-8. Kakade ke, omnye uhlalutyo uxilongo akwenzeki, kodwa kubonakala kubme lokufunyaniswa seswekile kunye nezifo le nkqubo yonyango, kwaye i parameter iphambili ekulawuleni unyango emiselweyo.

Blood yeqoqo

Olu hlahlelo abubenzi phambi kokuba nawuphi na umsebenzi okanye ngokunxulumene ukutofelwa igazi. Maxa wambi, ngenxa yokungazi, oluhlobo uba isikhubekiso entsatsheni, xa kukho iqela igazi sana alikho iqela igazi elifanayo abazali omnye okanye bobabini. Enyanisweni, kuya kuba yinto rhoqo kwaye igazi njengelifa phantsi kwemithetho yemfuza. Umzekelo, ukuba bobabini abazali kufuneka iqela lesibini igazi, amathuba okuba usana baya kuba liqela lokuqala liphezulu kakhulu. Ke ukuba abazali kuqala iqela igazi yesine, ngokutsho kwemithetho yemfuza, umntwana lowo uya kuba iqela lesibini okanye lesithathu.

Xa bekhulelwe, soloko sinikele ingqalelo iimeko apho igazi negative-RH nomama wam kwaye usana RH positive ilifa kuyise. Kulo mzekelo, baziqwebele izilwa-buhlungu, esenokuba ezingakhuselekanga impilo yomntwana egazini sikanina.

iimvavanyo umsebenzi kwesibindi

Njani ilungu ebalulekileyo emzimbeni, ezifana isibindi, nako imiselwe uvavanyo lwegazi. umsebenzi Transaminase kwisampulu ekhethiweyo ibonisa isifo sesibindi kwaye ihamba kunye ngokufa kweeseli hepatic. Uhlalutyo lwenziwa wobunzululwazi kwemichiza, igazi esithathwe ngomnwe okanye umthambo. Ukwanda amanqanaba transaminases emsebenzini nje kuphela hepatitis wentsholongwane egazini, kodwa ezinye amanxeba (umenzakalo, ukutsha, myocarditis, ukwamkelwa mveliso zinetyhefu, kuquka antibiotics).

Uvavanyo igazi cholesterol

cholesterol abaqhelekileyo kwi candelo emzimbeni - 3.6-6.7 mmol / l. Khumbula ukuba cholesterol aphezulu kunegalelo yegazi, waza ke naye evusa ezahlukeneyo nesifo sentliziyo kwaye unobangela isifo sentliziyo kunye nesifo.

test Blood - isifundo elula kakuhle kakhulu ephilayo, oyimfuneko ukwenzela ukuzimisela eyiyo loxilongo yesigulane. Maxa wambi kuyimfuneko ukuba baqhube uvavanyo lwegazi engxamisekileyo ukusindisa ubomi yesigulane. Inkcazelo efunyenwe uhlalutyo lwezonyango ibonisa indlela jikelele ephilayo nayiphi na inkqubo lwezidumbu, ngoko ukulungiswa kunye nokuziphatha intswelo ukufezekisa migangatho iphezulu. iziphumo zovavanyo kunceda ugqirha kuphela ukuba ukuxilonga kakuhle, ukuvavanya ukuntsonkotha sifo yaye ukusebenza konyango, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukunceda ayinakubhaqa sifo ngxexesha apho kungekho ezinye iimpawu akukho sifo.