I-Hypoplasia ye-enamel yezinyo: ukuxilongwa kunye nokonyango

I-Caries yinkathazo eqhelekileyo eyenzeka ngamazinyo. Ngenxa yoko, abaninzi abantu bacinga ukuba ukubola kwezinyo kuyona kuphela isizathu sokuba amazinyo ahlawule. Kodwa eneneni kukho izifo ezingenakudityaniswa kwendalo, apho umonakalo nokutshatyalaliswa kwamazinyo kungabikho ngaphantsi kwefuthe leemeko zendalo, kodwa ngenxa yezinto ezizimeleyo zesakhiwo sabo.

Iingxaki ezinjalo ziquka i-hypoplasia ye-enamel yamazinyo. Esi sifo sinomngcipheko omkhulu, kunye nomonakalo onamazinyo obangelwa yilo sifo, ungaziboleki unyango okanye uhlaziywe ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuchongwa kwangethuba kwengxaki kunokutshintsha kakhulu imeko. Ngako oko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumanisa isifo ekuqaleni kwayo, kunye nokuseka izizathu zalo. Amazinyo ancedwa yimpawu, kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuxilonga.

Ingcamango ye-hypoplasia

Uluhlu lwe-koqweqwe lwawo lwama-eamel nolunye uzinyo lomntu onempilo lufakwe kwisakhiwo esomeleleyo ngokwaneleyo, njengenjongo yaso ekukhuseleni izakhiwo zangaphakathi zezinyo kwimiphumo emibi yendalo yangaphandle. Nangona kunjalo, iimeko zinokwenzeka apho ingxaki ivela kwiingxaki zangaphakathi emzimbeni. Ngokomzekelo, i-hypoplasia ye-tooth enamel yisifo, ngenxa yokuba zonke iinjino ezinamazinyo zinokuchaphazeleka ngaphandle kokungafani.

Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwesifo luyi-hypoplasia yeoli yamazinyo. Xa esi sifo senzekile, umonakalo wezinyo unobungozi obungenanto. Iimbangela ze-hypoplasia ziyimpazamo eyenziwa ngexesha lokubunjwa kunye nokwakhiwa kwe-enamel. Njengomphumo wale ngozi, uhla lwe-koqweqwe lwawo lwe-eamel luqhekeza, kwaye ukukhubazeka kunokuba neendlela ezahlukeneyo zobunzima.

Iintlobo zesifo kunye ne-hypoplasia

Iingcali zamazinyo ziyabona ukuba umonakalo we-eamel kunye ne-hypoplasia epholileyo ingaba yinto encinci, kodwa eso sifo sinesimo esibi. Kule meko, lezinyo ayinaso isiseko sokukhusela nonke. Le fomu ibizwa ngokuba yi-aplasia.

Uphuhliso lwesi sifo lunokuqala nanini na. Nangona kunjalo kaninzi kukho i-hypoplasia ye-tooth eamel kubantwana abasenamazinyo obisi, nangona kungekho siqinisekiso sokuba iimpawu ezifanayo aziyi kuvela kumntu omdala.

Ukuba unamathela kwisigaba esisiseko, isifo sinokuhlulwa ngokweemeko zibe ziintlobo ezimbini - i-hypoplasia yenkqubo kunye ne-hypoplasia yendawo. Xa kukho ifom ye-systemic yesifo, ingozi enkulu ibonakala, kuba kulo mzekelo lonke uhla lwe-koqweqwe lwawo lwezitshixo luchaphazelekayo. Ifom ye-systemic ye-hypoplasia kwimeko ekhuselekileyo ayifuni nje kuphela ukucocwa koqweqwe lwe-eamel, kodwa i-under-development imbi kakhulu ebonakalisa ngendlela yokwakheka kwamagagasi, imijelo kunye namaphuzu. I-Hypoplasia kwifom yangoku ihlala ichaphazela i-molars, eyayiphina imonakalo kwisigaba sokwakheka.

I-Hypoplasia ye-enamel yezinyo yinkathazo enzulu ngokwaneleyo, ngenxa yoko kukho ubuthakathaka obuninzi bezinyo kunye nokukhusela kwayo, okukuthi, ngokufanelekileyo, yindawo efanelekileyo yokuvela kwezinye izifo kunye nezifo.

Izizathu

Okwangoku, oogqirha banamathele kwiingcamango ezimbini eziphambili ngokuphathelele uhlobo lwe-hypoplasia. Iqela lokuqala leengcali likholelwa ukuba ukuqala kwenkqubo ekubhubhiseni i-koqweqwe lwabiwo kungabangela ukuphazamiseka kwimizuzu. Elinye iqela leengcali licinga ukuba eso sizathu asiyodwa, kwaye umsebenzi wokulibazisa weeseli ze-epithelial kwi-embryo yezinyo nazo zichaphazela ukuphuhliswa kwe-hypoplasia. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba kuqwalasele ukuba ezinye izinto, ngaphezu kwezinto ezibalulekileyo zendalo, nazo zibaluleke kakhulu, phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo kunye neemeko zokuphuhliswa kweeamel hypoplasia yamazinyo asisigxina ziyadalwa.

Izifo zamazinyo ezinsana

Ngenxa yokuba ukwakheka kwamazinyo obisi kubonakala kwinqanaba lokuphuhliswa kwe-intrauterine yintsana, imeko yabo yonke ixhomekeke ekubeni indlela yokukhulelwa kwenziwa ngayo, kunye nomgangatho wempilo yomama wengane. Impembelelo ekuphuhliseni i-hypoplasia ye-enamel yamazinyo omntwana kwintsana ngexesha lokuphuhliswa kwayo kwisibeleko kwaye kwindlela yokuzalwa inokuthi:

• Izifo zesistim sokutya kumama;
• Izifo ezithintekayo ezidluliselwa ngumama ngexesha lokukhulelwa;
• Ukungaqhelekanga kwindawo yokubeleka;
• Izifo ezibangelwa yi-congenital system ye-cardiovascular system;
• Impembelelo yezinto ezifana neekhemikhali okanye amaqondo okushisa;
• Isondlo sokusana ngeendlela zokufakelwa;
• Ukuqhawuka. Iingcali zoluvo lokuba le nto yokugqibela ayifanelekanga kangangexesha elidlulileyo kwaye yabangela ukwanda kwenani labantwana abajongene ne-hypoplasia. Le meko injalo ukuba ubuchwephesha bwanamhlanje buvumela ukuba ngononophe ngisho nosana olungasengaphambi kwexesha, kodwa abantwana abanjalo abagqityi iinkqubo zezicubu kunye nophuhliso lwesebe. Kule nkalo, iintsana ezisekuqaleni kwaye zihlupheke kwi-hypoplasia ye-enamel yamazinyo omntwana, kuba kwakukho ukuphulwa kwenkqubo yokwenza kwayo, okanye yaphazamiseka ngokupheleleyo;
• Ukunqongophala kwamanzi;
• Iidyoxicoses kwifom enzima;
• Ukulimala kwendalo. Ezi zibandakanya ingozi evela ekubelekeni;
• Imikhwa emibi ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Zonke ezi zinto zibangela ukuba i-hypoplasia yasebancinci ye-enamel yezinyo zentsana.

Pathology of molars

Ukugula okunjalo kunokuqala ukukhula ngexesha lokuqala, kwiminyaka yokuqala yobomi bomntwana. Ukuqulunqwa kunye nokuphuhliswa kwemibungu ye-molar iqala ukuqala malunga neenyanga ezintandathu. Ngoko ke kunengqiqo ukucinga ukuba ukuphulwa kwemeko yezempilo kule minyaka kungakhuphaza inkqubo yokuphuhliswa kokukhubazeka kwezinyosi zamazinyo. Kule nkalo, i-hypoplasia ye-molars ingasoloko ifunyanwe kulabo bantu abasenokuba babandezeleka zizifo ezinjengalezi:

• Iifom ezininzi zezifo ezithathelwanayo;
• Rickets;
• Izifo zengqondo, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwenkqubo ye-endocrine;
• Syphilis;
• Ukuphulwa kakubi kwinkqubo yokutya;
• Ukuphazamiseka kwemvelo ngenxa yokunqongophala kwesinyithi;
• Ukungasebenzi kweengqondo.

I-Hypoplasia ye-enamel yamazinyo iya kukhula kwaye ibonakalise ngokwayo kwi-molars, kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka apho umntwana uye wahlupheka khona ngesifo esithile. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba eso sifo sagqithiselwa kwiinqanaba zokuqala zobomi, umonakalo kwi-eam ezinyo kungabonwa kwimida ye-incisors ephakathi kunye namazinyo okuqala amakhulu. Isifo kwinyanga yesithoba yesibinini sinokutshabalalisa umonakalo we-enamel kwisibini kunye neyesithathu ukuxhaswa kwamacandelo omabini, kunye nakwi-incisors ephakathi kunye nokuhlafuna okukhulu kwindawo yesithsaba sabo.

Iimpawu ze-hypoplasia

Ukuxilongwa kwesi sifo akuyona inkqubo enzima kwizakhono ezifanelekileyo, kuba unempawu ezithile. Kodwa izigulane kufuneka zijonge ngokuzimeleyo i-enamel yamazinyo abo. Oku kuphela kuya kuvumela ukufumana ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwinkinga kwinqanaba lokuphuhliswa kwalo ekuqaleni.

Indlela yohlobo lwe-hypoplasia

Njengoko sele sibonile, ifom ye-systemic yesifo ingazibonakalisa ngokwezigaba ezahlukeneyo zobunzima. Ngaloo ndlela, ngokubonakala kwendlela ekhanyayo, utshintsho oluthile kumbala we-enamel yezinyo liyabonwa - indawo yombala ophuzi uphuhlise phezulu, oye wachaza ngokucacileyo imida. Iziphoso ezinjalo zingabonwa kwisithombe kunye ne-teeth eamel hypoplasia. Ukuchaneka kweli fomu kukuba izilonda ngendlela yamatye zinokulingana okulinganayo kwaye zifumaneka ngokulinganayo - ngamazinyo afanayo kumacala omabini omhlathi. Ngokuqhelekileyo le ndlela yesifo isichaphazela phambi kwamazinyo, ngoko ke, ukuba uhlawula ngokufanelekileyo imeko yamazinyo akho, ngoko ukuphuhliswa kwesi sifo kwinqanaba lokuqala akusoloko kunzima ukuphawula. Ngalolu hlobo lwe-hypoplasia, ukunyamezela akuveki, kwaye ukuqina kweezinyo zezinyo kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo kunye nempilo yezinyo kuyafana.

Kwinqanaba lesibini lobunzima lwenzeka kukuphuhliswa kweozinyo zinozinyo, ezinokubonakala ngokubonakala kweenguqu ezahlukeneyo. Iphethini ye-Wave ingabonwa ngokubonakalayo kwaye ngokungabikho kwezixhobo ezongezelelweyo. Ukuba uyomisa izinyo, ngoko ke phezu kwendawo yonke iya kubonwa i-rollers yobuncinane. Olunye ubonakaliso luyi-grooves - bahlala benendawo kunye nendawo. Kanye kunye nemibonakalo ye-wavy, i-grooves iyindawo efanelekileyo kunye neendawo ezinempilo yeozinyo zezinyo. Uhlobo lwesithathu lobonakaliso luyinto eqhelekileyo-uhlobo lwendawo. Kule meko, kunye nomhlaba wonke wezinyo zikhona iindawo zokuhlala, ekugqibeleni ziguqula umbala wazo kumnyama. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukufumanisa nokuqala unyango lwe-teeth e-eamel hypoplasia kubantwana ngexesha.

Aplasia

Isigaba esiyingozi kakhulu se-hypoplasia si-aplasia, oko kukuthi, ifomu apho i-koqweqwe lwawo lwamazinyo lingekho khona. Ubonakalo obunjalo buya kufakwa kwindawo ethile yezinyo okanye kunokuchaphazela inyo yonke. Ngale fom, kukho iintlungu ezinkulu ezinokuvela njengendlela yokusabela kwimimiselo engqongileyo. Uphawu oluthile kukuba intlungu ebuhlungu idlulayo emva kokuba umphumo wezangaphandle unqanyuliwe.

Ifomu lendawo

Uphawu olusisiseko lwe-e-hypoplasia yama-eamel lwamazinyo asisigxina kubantwana nakwabantu abadala yinkqubo yokubukeka kwimibala phezu kwengubo ye-enamel, enokungafani nemibala eyahlukileyo. Iimpawu zeendawo ezinjalo zinokuqala ukusuka kwibala elimnyama ukuya kumnyama omnyama. Umonakalo onjalo kwiinyosi zamazinyo kubonakala ngokubunjwa kweempawu ze-punctures ze-character character, ezikuyo yonke indawo ephezulu. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba le fomu ibonakalisa kuphela kwimimiselo.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hypoplasia

Ifa lilifa le-hypoplasia yamazinyo njengendlela ephawulekayo edibene ne-X chromosome. Njengomgaqo, ukuxilongwa kwe-hypoplasia ayibangeli ubunzima bamazinyo ngenxa yokuthi isifo sinempawu ebonakalayo ebonakalayo. Umsebenzi oyintloko wezinyobisi wamazinyo kukuhlukana kwe-hypoplasia kwi-lesion ye-carious. Ukuze kwenziwe uvavanyo olufanayo, oogqirha basebenzisa iindlela ezintathu eziphambili:

• Uvavanyo lokujonga ngokubonakalayo kobuso be-koqweqwe lwabo. Ngezibonakaliso ezinobungqina, i-enamel yezinyo iphezulu, kwaye kunye ne-hypoplasia ihlala ipholile;
• Uvavanyo lwenani leendawo (i-hypoplasia ibonakala ngokubonakalisa ezininzi);
• Ukugcinwa kweendawo ezichaphazelekayo ze-enamel kunye nesisombululo se-methylene eluhlaza. Amabala, isimboli se-hypoplasia, ayinakunqanyulwa kwesi sixazululo, ngokuchasene nezilonda ezinobunzima.

Unyango lwe-enamel hypoplasia yamazinyo asisigxina

Indlela yokonyango kwesi sifo ixhomekeke kwimbonakaliso yekliniki, oko kukuthi, kwifom kunye nobuqili be-pathology, kunye noluhlobo lwenguqu.

Kwimeko apho i-hypoplasia ibonakaliswa yinto yokubonakala kwi-enamel yeendawo ezikhanyayo kwiimali ezincinci ezifumaneka kwimimandla yamazinyo ezingabonakali kakhulu, unyango lwalo mboniso alukho mfuneko.

Kwimeko apho iindawo ezikuzo zihlala kwindawo yangaphambili ye-incisors kwaye zibonakala, isiphene sinokupheliswa. Ngelishwa, akunakwenzeka ukubuyisela i-eamel echaphazelekayo, ngoko ugqirha angasebenzisa izinto ezahlukeneyo zokuzalisa, kunye nezithambiso okanye izithsaba.

Kuthiwani ukuba i-hypoplasia ngendlela yemisele kunye nemichilo?

Ukuba eso sifo sibonakaliswe ngokwefomathi, emigodini okanye kwi-striae, ngoko ukuzaliswa kwezinyo ngokwemizekelo yeklasi kungabonakalisa ukusebenza.

Ukuba amazinyo anjalo abuyele aphethwe ngenyameko, ziya kusebenza kunye nokuhleleka kwexesha elide.

IiVeners iiplates apho udokotela wamazinyo ehlangene nendawo yangaphandle yezinyo. Olu hlobo lwezithsaba lunobonakala obubonakalayo, kodwa uhlangothi lwangaphakathi lwamazinyo luyabonakala lubuhlungu. Kodwa ngenxa yokungabonakali kwayo, iifenethi ziyakwazi isisombululo esihle kakhulu kunyango lwe-hypoplasia.

Ukuba lezinyo zinomfanekiso okwaneleyo utshintshile, zenziwe ngenxa yentsholongwane, ngoko izazinyo zamathambo zivame ukusebenzisa izithsaba zamathambo. Ukufakwa kwesi sithsaba kunzima ukusebenza. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho elinye ithuba lokubuyisela ukubonakala kwendlela yokubukeka kwamazinyo, ngoko kufuneka kulibaziseke ngokufakela isithsaba somlomo.