Hajj - yintoni na le nto? History of the Hajj

Hajj - yenye yeentsika ezintlanu eyimfuneko Islam, ethe wafumana lubonakaliswa sokugqibela ngexesha uMprofethi Muhammad. Le oluya iindawo ezininzi ezingcwele (iMecca, Medina et al.), Njengokuba kwakunye ngqo izithethe ezithile. Wonke Muslim kufuneka ubuncinane kanye ebomini babo ukuze Hajj, behamba ngayo yonke imiqathango nakanjani.

Iintsika zibe ntlanu Islam

Islam namhlanje ubuninzi yesibini amakholwa kunye nabalandeli zayo zonke iinkonzo ehlabathini. Kwakhona omnye omdala, hayi kuquka ubuKristu nobuBhuda. Kakade ke, ixesha elide kangaka ixesha uvunyelwe ukudala nokuqinisa izithethe ezithile zonqulo kuYehova.

Kukho ezintlanu iintsika ezibalulekileyo Islam kunye Hajj - ngomnye wabo. Ezinye ezine - kuba shahada, umthandazo, uthando, ukuzila.

Yintoni na le shahada (ubungqina)? Le mfundiso ethile nto leyo ebonisa uThixo omnye (Allah). Ngaphandle amazwi akhe musani ukwenza nawuphi na umsebenzi, kwakunye nomthandazo ngalinye liqala naye.

Kwakhona, i-Muslim kufuneka enze umthandazo izihlandlo ezihlanu ngemini. Kuba lonke ixesha kukho ixesha elithile. Le sisithethe yokwenene, nto leyo ibandakanya pre-lokuqubha, umthandazo ngamnye kunye nezijekulo.

A indawo uthando ezixabisa ezithile, ezizezi irhafu mandatory Nomalizo. Konke oku kuthetha ukucocwa yokomoya okholwayo.

Njengaye nawuphi na inkolo, e-Islam, kwaye kukho kwakhona isithuba sengqesho. Nangona kunjalo, akukho nje ndizila iintlobo ezithile zokutya kwakunye yindlala ngexesha yelanga ngosuku (kwelanga ukuya ekuphumeni). Kuthatha indawo kwinyanga ka Ramadan ngenxa kwikhalenda Muslim. Kwakhona akuvumelekanga ngeli xesha ulwalamano ngesondo. Lahla isithuba abantu kuphela imilwelwe, kwakunye nabantwana kunye nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo.

Kuthetha ukuthini Islam oluya? Hajj - yenye izenzo ibalulekileyo Islam. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ubuncinane kanye ebomini bakhe ikholwa kufuneka enze yakhe. Le ngamava Kubalulekile ke leyo eye ngamandla onke amaSilamsi ehlabathini, komeleza ukholo lwabo.

Amanye amanqaku ngembali malunga Hajj

Isithethe Hajj unembali ngokwanelisayo elide ezabhalwa emva umprofeti yokuqala Islam - Ibrahim Ismail. Enkosi kubo, lwakwakhiwa Kaaba, egqalwa indlu yokuqala, nto leyo banqula uNdikhoyo.

Noko ke, kukho lakudala ngakumbi, nto leyo isixelela ukuba thina phezu kwendawo Kaaba mihla yakhiwa indlu yokuqala ukuba igama likaNdikhoyo, waza wenza ukuba abantu bokuqala bagxothwa Paradise - Adam no Hawwa. Emva koMkhukula, lachithwa.

Kwaye ke iqala ibali Hajj, nje emva kokuphela koMkhukula, xa uThixo wayalela Umprofeti wakhe Ibrahim ukuze intsapho yakhe ndawo, ngoku ke eMecca ukuba Kaaba. Emva koko, uMprofeti kwafuneka ukuba baye ePalestina.

Kakhulu ngongoma umdla ke kufuna umfazi amanzi Mshumayeli - Hajar. Ngenxa yemigudu yakhe ukholo phakathi kweenduli Safa kunye Marwa wabonakala umthombo wawabizayo Zam Zam. Hajar wabaleka izihlandlo ezisixhenxe phakathi kweenduli kufuna amanzi. Le ngongoma kuyabonakala isithethe Hajj; ngoku ke bahambi kufuneka ithathe amanyathelo. A umthombo wamanzi kwaye kukho khona, Vodicka wakhe uphilile, ukuwasela, uyithululele ngexesha yezithethe.

Kwixesha elizayo, ibali liba isiganeko entsha Hajj, ingakumbi emva kokuba uAbraham wakha Kaaba kwisiza, wabiza abantu ukuba bazibophelele kule ndawo lokuphambukela nonqulo loThixo One.

UMprofethi Muhammad and Hajj

Emva kokuba uMprofeti Ibrahim wacela abantu ukuba benze Hajj, emva kwexesha elithile amasiko akhe yatshintsha. Kwakukho zithixo, ezinye izenzo baye kakhulu lihlazo.

Emva kokuba imbonakalo uMprofeti Muhammad baqalisa ukubuyela inyaniso malunga nendlela yokwenza i Hajj eMecca. Wavula isiko esulungekileyo kwaye kuyinyaniso ukuba sele inikwa umprofeti Ibrahim. Konke oku zigcinwe kule mini ngokwesithethe enye, apho wabuyela Muhammad.

Ozenza umprofeti wenza lokuphambukela kanye kuphela ebomini. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa kwiimeko zopolitiko, ekubeni ngelo xesha kwimifanekiso eqingqiweyo baqubuda ngexesha Hajj, baba zizisulu iintlanga.

Hajj zizibhalo

Hajj - eneneni umcimbi ebalulekileyo for Muslims, nto leyo nokuba okhankanywe Koran. Kubhaliwe ukuba ngokomlomo kaNdikhoyo uMprofeti Ibrahim wakha indlu yokuqala yonqulo. Emva koko wabongoza elithembekileyo ukwenza Hajj, kodwa Allah kudluliselwa wonke ngayo. Nkqu rocks kunye namatye ezisentlabathini basabela.

Iimfuno ukuba isiko

Abo amakholwa khankanya ukwenza Hajj kufuneka ihlangabezane miqathango ilandelayo:

• ngexesha kusiyiwa umntu kufuneka abe mdala;
• Kwakhona kufuneka ube nenkululeko ngeli xesha, ingqondo ecacileyo kunye nempilo ngokomzimba;
• idini le Hajj (oluya kwiindawo ezingcwele) kuya kwenziwa buqu, ukuba kukho imali eyaneleyo ukuze bazixhase ngeli xesha, kunye nentsapho yakhe;
• kufuneka uhlawule zonke amatyala phambi Hajj, kwaye ukwenza oko ityala;
• Kufuneka uhlele ukhuseleko zabo yokumka phambi kwexesha ukuze ukuba angafiki emva kwexesha ekuqaleni ukuphunyezwa isiko.

Ukongeza, ngexesha Hajj akakwazi ukwenza iintshukumo ezithile:

• aluvumelekanga ukwenzakalisa okanye buhlungu zonke izidalwa eziphilayo (izilwanyana, izinambuzane, izityalo, abantu);
• nabani na owenza lokuphambukela kufuneka ukodlula uze wenze nantoni na enxulumene ubomi kwalo eli hlabathi;
• amanyathelo ahlukeneyo yomtshato akuvumelekanga, kwakunye neentlobano zesini;
• okunqanda iinwele, achebe, sebenzisa iintlobo isiqhumiso, ukunxiba izacholo, nezidanga;
• Kwakhona awukwazi utshaye ngeli xesha.

Ukuba kukho eyaphula nawuphi na umba, Hajj kungathathwa lunganeli kwaye ayisebenzi.

Amalungiselelo yesiko

Kunyanzelekile ukuba ukucoca kunye nemeko ingubo ngezonqulo - ihram. Oku kuphunyezwa ngokuhlamba ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni, emva koko bahambi indoda eyambethe ezilula iziciko ezimbini ezimhlophe, enye yazo kuvalwe imilenze ikholwa ukususela esinqeni ukuya amadolo, kwaye eyesibini kufuneka esingenamikhono, emagxeni lasekhohlo.

Abasetyhini kufuneka ufihle ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni ingubo yakho obaneleyo emhlophe, azigubungela intloko yakhe itshefu. Ngenxa yoko, kufuneka kuhlala ejongile iinyawo, izandla nobuso.

iimpahla ezinjalo kuba othembekileyo kuthetha ukuba, kungakhathaliseki isigxina abo ehlabathini, phambi kokuba bayalingana bonke Allah, ngokunjalo ukuthetha malunga iingcinga zabo enyulu. Banxiba iimpahla ezo endaweni ekhethekileyo ebizwa miqat. Kumalunga amane yeekhilomitha ukusuka Kaaba. Noko ke, oko akujongwa olungamkelekanga ukunxiba ekunene kwi-moya, ukuba umzalwana iyabhabha evela kude.

Emva Kwadlula miqat, kufuneka ufunde lo mthandazo, leyo ethetha engena zibe kwimeko ekhethekileyo ihram. Oku kukuvumela ukuba uqhubeke inzaliseko ngakumbi yezithethe.

Ngenxa yoko, nathi sithi ukuba Hajj - yinto inyathelo eyodwa sibaluleke yokomoya enkulu for Muslims.

Ukuqhubekeka kwe isithethe i Hajj

Yesiko iqala ngenyanga, leyo kuthiwa Dhul-Hijjah, ngomhla wesixhenxe ngomhla wakhe. It iqala iMecca, le bahambi kufuneka zihlangu kungena kwi Masjid al-haram Mosque. Hajj uyaqhubeka ukuqabula okanye iwurhece ilitye abamnyama, apho, ngokutsho legend, yayiyeyabantu umntu wokuqala - Adam. Kwenza ukusuka kutyelelo lwam eMecca.

Emva koko kufuneka uzakufun aukugqithisa Kaaba izihlandlo zibe sixhenxe. Lo mkhosi kuthiwa tawaf. Ngeli xesha, sifanele kuqubuda engile ezimbini uze uthi imithandazo. Xa esa igqityiwe, kufuneka ninduluke niye emnyango Kaaba kwaye wayethandaza, waphakamisa isandla sakhe sokunene. Ke kabini-uthabathe amanzi avela engcwele Zam Zama, ukunxila kunye oblivshis kuyo.

Emva kokuba isiko phezu, kufuneka uye kwi elilandelayo. Abaleka phakathi kweenduli Safa Marwa. Kufutshane ngamnye kubo kufuneka ukuba athandaze. Ukwenza le senzo kucingwa ukuba ekupheleni kusiyiwa encinane (Umrah). Ukuba ikholwa akuthethi unqwenela ukuqhubeka ukwenza kwisiko, ngoko iphuma imo ihram.

Ezinye nangokwamasiko Hajj yenziwa ngokudibeneyo. Ngosuku lwesixhenxe-Dhul-Hijjah makamamele intshumayelo malunga nendlela bahambi ukuba baziphathe.

YiNtili Muzdalifah, kunye Mina

wena ngosuku lwesibhozo kufuneka afumane amanzi wendlela. Kuyimfuneko ukuba benze utshintsho emfuleni ukuze baqhubeke kwisiko Hajj. Oluya kuqhubeka. Olu suku lwaziwa ngokuba imini okroqiweyo (al-yaum tarviya) ngenxa yokuba libe ngamanzi.

Ubusuku emva amakholwa bachitha entilini Mina, yaye emva kwemini kufuphi isiko usembindini ntaba kwenziwa (ngaye ngezantsi).

Mount Arafat

Ngoko ke, kufuphi Mount Arafat nabasemzini bemi. Koko siyaqhuba singaphazamisekanga ngoku mzuzu xa ilanga kwi bade, yaye de kube lelo xesha njengoko kufika. Emva kokuba uliphulaphule khutbah kwaye wayethandaza, ebhekisela kuyo iNkosi. Kuyafuneka ukuba zifundwe amaxesha amaninzi nangokuvakalayo.

kuqhubekayo oluya

Emva litshonile ilanga, kufuneka ubuyele ekhawulezile kakhulu entilini Muzdalifah. Umthandazo lwenzeka ngaphandle mosque, okuhlala ubusuku bonke. Kwaye musa nje abenza Hajj, kodwa amaSilamsi kulo lonke ihlabathi.

Ngomhla weshumi Hajj balundwendwe emva imithandazo kufuneka uye emva Mina entilini. Emva koko kufuneka uyilahle iingqalutye ezisixhenxe ukusuka Muzdalifah kule post, nto leyo engumqondiso likaSathana.

Emva le ngosuku lweshumi apho kufuneka wenze umnikelo (ibhokhwe okanye inkunzi), inxalenye encinane ikholwa, ukuba badle, baze abanye ukuba ahlawule.

Emva koko abantu kufuneka uchetyiwe ngokupheleleyo iinwele okanye ezimfutshane ke wayicheba nabafazi ndinqumle i lock. Kufuneka angangcwatywa Mina entilini. Emva koko, yonke into wabuyela iMecca, ukuze kuthintelwe Kaaba kwakhona.

Iintsuku ezintathu elandelayo luya kuqhubeka ukutyelela kwintlambo Mina, ukwenza imibingelelo. Hajj izaliswe ngokupheleleyo ngomhla weshumi elinesine. IiPilgrims ukufumana isihloko Haji.

Zakuba zigqityiwe zonke izithethe, umjikelezi ufumana iwonga. Oku kuboniswa unkontsho eluhlaza kunye ezinde ezimhlophe (jellabiya), apho kunyanzelekileyo ukunxiba. Ekhaya kukwamkelwa iimbeko.

indawo imemori eMecca

Zakuba zigqityiwe uhambo eMecca, abaninzi, aseleyo kulo mzi, ukuba ayenqula iindawo ezingcwele ukuba ngandlel 'ithile edibene uMprofethi Muhammad. Eli nani likhulu nabasemzini iya ku Jabal al-Noor (Intaba of Light). Kukho umqolomba apho uMprofeti wafumana isityhilelo yakhe yokuqala Qur'an.

Njengoko ngezonqulo e Hajj, xa zigqityiwe, ungaya phambili, ukuya Medina. Ngaphambi koko, baya kwisixeko Taif, apho waya Abbas mosque. Kukho wenza umthandazo kunye abathembekileyo.

Medina - isixeko apho umprofeti isekelwe

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba bahambi kukutyelela umzi ongcwele Medina. Ukuba Lingcwaba uMprofeti uMuhammad, kunye noogxa bakhe abasondeleyo ngexesha lokuphila kwakhe. Le ibekwe kwi Masjid al-Nabi. Emva koko ke, Into endiyenzayo amagama akhetekileyo amukela umprofeti, ngoko yenza lo mthandazo. Emva koko nabasemzini kufuneka uye amaqabane of Muhammad, ngokuphinda amanyathelo afanayo.

Njengoko kumabhinqa, abanako nabo. Baza kuba nako ukwenza lo mthandazo kuphela mosque uMprofethi.

Emva koko kotyelelo ezinye iisayithi ezingcwele, balundwendwe emhla abenza Hajj. Medina kukho inani elikhulu kubo, njengoko uMprofeti babehlala apha ixesha elide kakhulu. Umzekelo, al-Taqwa isanagogi kunye Cuba. Kufuneka kuqala geza, ngoko tyelela eCuba, ukudala umthandazo apho. Emva koko, yiya kwi al-Taqwa mosque. Kwakhona, abantu kufuneka onokunyuka aye entabeni Jabal. Kulapho kukho kwamangcwaba abangabembewu Muhammad, kwakunye namanye amakholwa, abulawa kufuphi Uhud, edabini.

Ngoko kutheni tyelela ezi ndawo xa Hajj sele sigqityiwe? Apha kulele omnye iimfundiso umprofeti, nto leyo ithi Hajj na akubulise ingcwaba lakhe, kwelakhe icala, uya kwamkeliswa kwayona Muhammad ngokwakhe.

Izimvo balundwendwe emhla isiko elingcwele

Abo ababehamba ukwenza Hajj, washiya ncomo ngehlombe kakhulu. Kubo, ngokwenene yiloo umanyano kunye neNkosi kunye onke amakholwa. Le commonality omkhulu phakathi bahambi.

Ngoku kukho iinkampani ezininzi abaququzelela hambo naphi na. Ukuba ugqiba ukuba enze Hajj, Ingushetia, nokuba indawo lwakho yokuhlala okanye ungaqhagamshelana inkampani obuvunyiweyo efanelekileyo cwangcisa zonke kwelona nqanaba liphezulu.