FTTx - yintoni na? technology FTTx

Ngoku linyathelo ibonelela abasebenzisi ukufikelela kwi-Internet, xa iinkampani abaninzi baqala ukusebenzisa ubugcisa, umzekelo, FTTx. Kuye Uyekile ukwenza imali eninzi ukuze kwaye kunzima njengoko kwakunjalo kwiminyaka 5-6 eyadlulayo. Imarike sele Igcwele enikeza iinkonzo ezinjalo. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba siqwalasele ngokweenkcukacha ingqikelelo FTTx. Oko kukuthi, ukuba iya kucaca, ukuba sijonge ubuchwepheshe ngokwalo.

iimpawu

Ukuze ube nokusebenzisa nayiphi na iteknoloji entsha ifuna ukusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo ezithile, kwaye kule meko kungekho ngaphandle, kunye FTTx. Yintoni na kwaye isebenza njani ziza kuchazwa apha.

FTTx ligama ngawo luchazwa indlela jikelele ngendlela ukuyilwa kwento izibonelelo intambo womnatha, apho ngonxibelelwano node ukuya kwindawo ethile, nezaziwa «x», welula ifayibha woqondo, kwaye sele ngqo sikhula ukupheyiva cable zezobhedu. Sinokuhlahl ngokukhanya ngqo isixhobo okanye izixhobo osebenza kwi Internet. Ngokuqhelekileyo ingqalelo kuphela kwinqanaba emzimbeni xa FTTx. Yintoni na? Yinto nje umgca ngokwayo. Noko ke, ingqiqo kuthetha ukusetyenziswa ngaphezulu eziliqela technologies ikhonkco kunye nomgangatho womnatha. Enkosi iinkampani broadband bakwazi ukunika abathengi kunye ngeenkonzo ezahlukeneyo.

Yintoni umdla are the network?

Njengoko injini engundoqo ekuphuhlisweni kobuchwepheshe FTTx umi ngoku imfuno yabathengi omkhulu ufikelelo broadband, nto leyo emangalisayo kunzima ukuphumeza usebenzisa ADSL yemveli. Ngokukhanya ziya waqala ngakumbi ukuba iingcambu kwizixeko ezinkulu, kwaye ngoku ungaba notyekelo ukuzimanyanisa abaqhubi kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Belizwe zisetyenziswa iteknoloji, namagxamesi, apho ukufikelela yoqobo ukuya kwi Internet, owakhelwe ngokusekelwe endleleni optical.

uphuhliso ngamathemba yemarike

Ukuze ngcono ukuqonda kakuhle oku, kufuneka siqwalasele amathuba nophuhliso FTTx. Yintoni na? Kwi kummandla Russian ye ukuyilwa yokurhweba iinkonzo ezifana kuxhomekeke kuphela kwi imfuno umxholo ekumgangatho ophezulu, kodwa kwakhona kwinani lamaphulo yokwakha zobungakanani ezinkulu, kwakunye nokwanda ukhuphiswano phakathi kwababoneleli beenkonzo lwebhendi ebanzi. Uphuhliso olutshintshayo ukwakhiwa izakhiwo zokuhlala kuye kwathetha ukuba uqhagamshelo FTTx kakhulu kaninzi ngaphezu kwazo zonke ezinye iintlobo womnatha. Oku nokugwetyelwa malunga noqoqosho, kwaye kukho ukhuphiswano yenza ukufikelela kwinethiwekhi ayibizi kakhulu. Hayi abaqhubi eyadlulayo elide kangaka wajonga kuphela ecaleni rhumela yequmrhu, kwaye ngoku ebonisa ngokwandileyo nomdla kunye nabathengi rhoqo.

Iimpawu yokwakha

Kude kube kamva nje, iteknoloji FTTx esetyenziswa ngabaqhubi bangazange babe iziseko yabo ezizukulwaneni endala. Kodwa iinkampani abaninzi bafuna ukuya kuthungelwano ezintsha kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Esinye sezizathu zale meko kuthiwa ithuba lokwandisa iinkonzo ezininzi nezahlukeneyo, ukwandiswa kothungelwano nje isekelwe ifayibha enombala (pon), kwakunye nokuhanjiswa Metro Ethernet, ukunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza, impumelelo abaqhubi ezininzi ukwakhiwa kwale hlobo yothungelwano.

A uhlobo entsha lwesiqulatho

FTTx Internet ngokubaluleka kuthandwa ngenxa yokuba abantu banamhlanje bathanda iindidi ezintsha umxholo kunye nemizobo kwizinga eliphezulu kwaye Isinxulumaniso yevidiyo. Njengoko ezisisiseko ukukhula yempela imfuno yeenkqubo ezinjalo sele benomdla kwiinkonzo yevidiyo. Xa iziko womxhuzulane ukhutshelwa ukusuka multicast ukuya ngamnye, iimfuno lwababhalisi sabelo bandwidth, nto leyo kungekudala kakhulu kuya kuba ukuya megabytes 100 yesibini kwikhaya ngalinye ngenyanga.

Ngoku ngenkuthalo ngokuthengisa HDTV LCD, nto leyo yenza kube yimfuneko ukuba ukunika abathengi kunye ukufikelela kwiinkqubo zikamabonwakude ekumgangatho obhetele ngaphezu koko TV ukunika kwifomati analog. Inyathelo sivakalayo kuphuhliso ziingcali abaninzi bakholelwa IP-TV. Oku kuya kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuba ukhethe Movies, ukudluliselwa kunye nemiboniso, kwakunye nexesha apho baya kuba kakhulu lula ukubukela. Yiloo nto sinokuthi uqhagamshelwano ubunzima FTTx xPON sele ngeenxa nje ekoneni. Okwangoku, naziphi ukubheja ISP malunga notyalo ifayibha enombala, njengokuba utyalo eminyaka ezayo, lo gama ingeniso luya kugqithisela iindleko izihlandlo ezininzi. lo kuphela ecacisa imigca ifayibha ngoko ngamandla ukuthenga, kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo iiprojekthi zokulinga, kuquka ezintsha ezifana kungekabekwa ngokukhanya ngqo izixhobo umrhumo.

ubungozi

akayi kuba Idibanisa FTTx xPON kule minyaka izayo kuphela ukhetho, anikeza ubonelelo broadband, nangona kunjalo, amandla lwesakhiwo ifayibha enombala kakhulu kangangokuba ukuba sinokuqiniseka ukuba imbuyekezo kwimali imali. Ngoku kakhulu ngenkuthalo esebenza kwicandelo yotshintsho kothungelwano lomqolo kunye nemarike nobuchwepheshe FTTx, izixhobo kunye nezinye macandelo kwi nqanaba kuyilo, uphando kunye uvavanyo ngcembe.

Zeziphi lwazi bolwakhiwo lwempahla ezahlukeneyo?

technology Rostelecom FTTx unako ukusebenza kwenye iintlobo lwazi bolwakhiwo lwempahla:

- FTTN (Ifayibha ukuya esiludumbo) - ifayibha enombala kwacaba esiludumbo yenethiwekhi;

- FTTC (Ifayibha ecaleni) - ifayibha ingqalelo elumelwaneni, kwikota okanye izindlu ezininzi;

- FTTB (Ifayibha kwi Building) - ifayibha enombala engena isakhiwo;

- FTTH (Ifayibha Lwasekhaya) - kukho ifayibha enombala kwacaba ekhaya.

Umahluko kuphela kummandla we intambo woqondo ukuya terminal umsebenzisi. Izisombululo ezimbini zokuqala wokuqala bonke. Eyokuqala kuzo isetyenziswa ngoku, kodwa ke kuphela nje mali uze uyisebenzise ngokukhawuleza apho sele izibonelelo lonikezelo yoBhedu kunye nefayibha optic cable iyahanjiswa nje lutho. Wonke umntu uqhelene ubunzima ezihamba isigqibo esinjalo: Iyalila umgangatho weenkonzo, zidityaniswe kunye iimpawu ezikhethekileyo kweentambo zekopolo, isithintelo kwinani unxulumano ngesantya intambo omnye. Uhlobo lwesibini - uyaphuculwa ukuguqula ngobuwena yokuqala, engeyiyo yona neengxaki azalwa okhankanywe. Ukubeka kweentambo zekopolo kule meko ikhutshwa phandle kuphela ngaphakathi kwizakhiwo, ngoko abekho phantsi zonke iintlobo izinto entshabalalo, ubude imigca akukho mkhulu kangaka. Zonke ezi zinto zenza kube lula ukufezekisa uphuculo kule ndawo ngesantya ukuba awusebenzisi nefayibha. Loo uthenjiswa lisemthethweni ukuba uxhulumaniso kusetyenziswa FTTx xPON. Oku ijolise kubasebenzi ADSL kunye nabasebenzisi cable TV. Ukuphunyezwa kwale lwezakhiwo ubanika ithuba lokuba imali ebonakalayo ngokwandisa inani labasebenzisi enxulumene. Ngamnye kubo uya kunikwa enkulu bandwidth. olu hlobo inethiwekhi amancinci lisetyenziswe ngokufuthi eRashiya.

izinto

Imiba enxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo sisebenza oku kuxhomekeke lonke uluhlu yezizathu:

- nokuba kukho enye iziseko, mhlawumbi ngaphambi kokuba nantoni ayizange isetyenziswe;

- nokuba izixhobo esebenzayo indawo ikhaya, okanye ukuba kukho abangenamandla;

- zingaphi abasebenzisi ufuna ukudibanisa ku womnatha entsha;

- iseti imiba ebalulekileyo ngokulinganayo.

izixhobo FTTx-terminal zihlelwe ngokwemiqathango ethile kakhulu, oko ebotshelelwe «x» ingongoma. Uluhlu lweenkonzo ezinikezelwa yile nkampani, kuxhomekeka kwinani kunye nohlobo interface elisebenzisa izixhobo, kwakunye indlela yokunqanda traffic. Ukuba ufuna ukugcina izibonelelo ezikhoyo, ngoko ke ukhetho ifanelekileyo ukusebenzisa iinkqubo FTTC / FTTB, nokuba woqondo uplink-interface. ukusebenzisa kwabo efanelekileyo amashishini amakhulu-ertyisi, amaziko oshishino kunye izakhiwo zokuhlala, apho kukho izibonelelo sobhedu ezikhoyo ngaphambili. Oku kuya kufuna isixhobo nganye ukubeka kumzila FTTx.

isiphelo

Ngokwamanani kwezoqoqosho, umbutho ka-based networks kwiteknoloji fibre optic lilungisa kakhulu nge xi ebalulekileyo lwababhalisi yokuhlawula, okanye ukwakhiwa ngamafa ezintsha lwezindlu, xa imiba zombutho oluye iintambo ezi kwibakala kuyilo lo. Uthungelwano kufuneka icwangciswe ukuze ngongoma isiphelo sisondele na kumsebenzisi kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukwakhiwa kweendawo ezintsha ngento ukuhamba yivusa ngqo Isakhiwo kuya kuba lula ukuba zombini isiqalo kwixesha elizayo.