FL 400 - Federal Law on Insurance Pensions. FZ 400 izimvo

Ngawaphi yomhlala-inshorensi? Impendulo yalo mbuzo uqulathwe inombolo 400-FZ "Kwi-inshorensi Pensions". Yiyo lo mthetho uza kuxutyushwa kwinqaku.

On ummiselo osemthethweni

Sangenisa bill eyenzelwe ngokungqinelana nomGaqo-siseko Russian. Ijolise ekusekeni isiseko ukuvela nokusetyenziswa kwamalungelo oluntu ezifana neinshorensi yomhlalaphantsi. Injongo ummiselo №-FZ 400 kukukhusela amalungelo baseRashiya kwi-inshorensi kunye neemali zomhlala-phantsi kubonelelwe phantsi uhlobo inshorensi yomhlalaphantsi ezinyanzelekileyo. Kwaye apha kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ukubaluleka kwezentlalo zengqesho kunye noqhelwaniso lwentlalo uqoqosho kweli lizwe kunye nemithetho-siseko kwentlawulo abemi zomhlalaphantsi umshado.

Kwakhona sifanele sithethe malunga ummiselo osemthethweni lwecandelo pension. № 400-FZ - alikho elawula intlawulo uhlobo pension ukulawulwa kuphela. Apha kufuneka kwakhona bonisa inani 156-FZ "Kwi Insurance Social", uMthetho Federal "Kwi-akhawunti obumntwisiweyo kushishino insurance," kwakunye namanye imithetho. Yonke imimiselo, ngokungqinelana neSiqendu 2 № 400-FZ, yenzelwe ukubethelela inkqubo pension ekhoyo kunye nokuphuculwa ngayo.

Malunga nezimaphambili ezingundoqo

Xa isenzo langoku olumisiweyo iqulethe inani elikhulu yeengqiqo kakhulu ezizodwa, apho kuya kuba kuhle ukunikela ingqalelo. Yintoni i-inshorensi yomhlala? Ngokutsho komthetho, intlawulo yemali, nto leyo iba qho ngenyanga, ukuze kubuyekezelwe umvuzo zeinshorensi phezu kukuvela ukukhubazeka ubudala babo. Kubalulekile ukuthatha ingqalelo ixesha inshorensi. Umthetho uthi amava inshorensi ibizwa ngokuba ixesha lilonke ngamathuba yomsebenzi, apho kwaye iipremiyamu wamwisela kwi Russian Pension Fund.

Enye ingcamango ebalulekileyo - yinto pension factor. Ngokutsho inani 400-FZ "Kwi-Inshorensi Pensions", i ukhetho ekhethekileyo uyakwazi ukubonakalisa amalungelo pension yomntu inshorensi kwiiyunithi isalamane. Indleko yale ratio isenokuba lulwahlulo mali ka-inshorensi kuhlobo pension inkxaso-mali.

Ngubani unelungelo inshorensi yomhlala-phantsi?

Apho abantu babe nethuba lokufumana uhlobo inshorensi yomhlala? Ngokutsho Inqaku lesi-4 № 400-FZ, kufuneka sibe nabantu ngabemi Russian abaye inshorensi ekhethekileyo. Kwezinye iimeko, banamalungelo pension, amalungu entsapho Abantu abaKhuselwe ngeInshorensi abangakwaziyo ukuzibandakanya kumsebenzi yabasebenzi. Apha kufuneka ukuba kongezwe abasemzini kunye nabantu lizwe.

Ngokutsho Inqaku lesi-5, unokuvunyelwa ukuba bafumane inshorensi pension kunye nohlobo kawonke ngaxeshanye. Abemi banelungelo lokufumana umhlala-inshorensi banelungelo lokufumana umhlala-phantsi abazikhethele ngokwabo. Ezi ndidi zilandelayo-inshorensi:

• ngokunxulumene ekufunyanweni ubume abakhubazekileyo;
• izibonelelo yexhoba;
• ukwaluphala.

Inqaku lesi-7 umisela imithetho yokhuseleko zemali uhlobo inshorensi yomhlalaphantsi. Ngoko ke, kule ityala ungalungiswa, malunga nokwandiswa iindleko intlawulo inshorensi-yohlobo inkamnkam. Olo tshintsho kuvunyelwa kanye kuphela ngonyaka ngaphakathi kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunyaka omtsha kunye nexesha izicwangciso.

Imigqaliselo yokuqeshwa iintlawulo insurance yomhlalaphantsi

KwiSahluko sesi-2 lomThetho Federal № 400-FZ iinkcukacha utyhila iintlobo ezisisiseko amabango inshorensi, kwakunye nemiqathango ukwenzela ukuzalisekisa kwazo. Kwinqaku 8 kufikwa ukuyilwa kweentlawulo pension ukumakisha izigulo yokwaluphala. ubudala ilawulwa ukuba abasebenzi bakarhulumente, yomkhosi yoluntu. Seta ixesha leminyaka ubuncinane elinesihlanu ukuba ipension ngokusekelwe inshorensi. Kwakhona uthetha ratio, xesha elo lingasayi kuba ngaphantsi kwe-30.

Inqaku iiseti 9 imimiselo ipension ukuba mna abakhubazekileyo, II okanye iqela III. Ngokutsho komthetho, ukuvuma ngummi okhubazekileyo inokuba axilongwe nentlalo ezikhethekileyo kuphela. Unobangela lokukhubazeka, i-inshorensi yobomi okanye ubude yengqesho ayisiso imeko ukubunjwa izibonelelo zomhlalaphantsi ngenxa yokukhubazeka. Apha kwanele ukungena uthumo olukhethekileyo kumaqela nokukhubazeka.

Ekugqibeleni, inqaku 10 womthetho ekuthethwa ibhekisa kwimeko ngelahleko. Ngokutsho isenzo olumisiweyo, ithuba lokufumana i-inshorensi yomhlalaphantsi ukufumana umondli amalungu entsapho akwazi ukwenza umsebenzi. amava Insurance yibona obhubhileyo akuthethi ukudlala indima - ngeke kube.

Sokuqeshwa inshorensi

Federal uMthetho № 400-FZ "Kwi-inshorensi Pensions" ilawula ngokweenkcukacha inkqubo yokuqeshwa inshorensi. Inqaku le-11 libhekisela kwamaxesha omsebenzi aza kufakwa kwingxelo. Ngoko ke, umsebenzi kwafuneka ukuba kwenziwe eRashiya. Ngeli xesha ukusebenza ziye zavavanywa iminikelo nebhajethi lohlobo inshorensi FIU. ixesha Work, zenziwa ngaphandle urhulumente Russian, zilawulwa ngokwahlukeneyo.

Inqaku iinkcukacha 12 watyhila ngamaxesha ukuba kubonelelwe kwiSiqendu 11. Le nto ohluka apha ukusebenza:

• Ubude Performance emkhosini;
• ngokwenkqubo yokubhalisa kokufumana izibonelelo phantsi inkqubo SOC enyanzelekileyo. inshorensi;
• amaxesha ukukhathalelwa komntwana (ikhefu lokubeleka);
• thuba ukusetyenziswa nokungasebenzi;
• elide ngqiqweni ukutsala abemi ubutyala mthetho, nto leyo ekhokelele yokungabikho amathuba ukuze benze imisebenzi yabasebenzi okwethutyana;
• ubude unonophelo ukuba umntu abakhubazekileyo abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-80;
• nezinye izihlandlo kucacisiwe kwiSiqendu 12 oyilwayo ethathelwa ingqalelo.

Yintoni inkqubo yokuqeshwa kwexesha-inshorensi? Oku kuza kucaciswa kamva.

Inkqubo yokuqeshwa-inshorensi

Oku kungasentla wachaza iimeko eziphambili ngexesha lokusekwa uhlobo inshorensi. Amanqaku 13 no-14 oMthetho Federal № 400-FZ imithetho amisiweyo, ngokungqinelana ne koko waphumeza yokubala amava inkqubo.

Ukubalwa ixesha kufuneka lwenzeke ukuze kwikhalenda. Xa ubala zonke amaxesha ezinokuthi zifakwe ngokusemthethweni uhlobo amava inshorensi, kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngokuthi uxwebhu okhethekileyo ekhutshwe ngabaqeshi okanye amagunya karhulumente ngamnye. Izizathu ingcaciso yobhaliso ngamnye kwakhona ubungqina lamathuba ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanywe kwingxelo. yonke le nkqubo yokubala, ubhaliso kunye isiqinisekiso-inshorensi esekwe nguRhulumente Russia.

Malunga ubungakanani iintlawulo

Inani-FZ 400, ubugcisa. 15 kwenzeka lokuguqula ubisi, njengako apho imali yabantu yomhlalaphantsi. Ngokutsho lizakuya kusombululo indlela endala-usindayo okanye ube nesiphene imveliso lohlobo pension lomlingani ngamnye kunye nexabiso lomlingani enjalo imini enye, uthengwayo yeyomnye ithuba ngasentla.

Inqaku le-16 useka amanani ezithile. Ngoko ke, xa sithetha umhlala iqela III, uhlobo inshorensi yomhlalaphantsi lifakiwe ngaphezulu kancinane 3.9 amawaka. Engange. usisigxina, apho ubukhulu iintlawulo kwi-inshorensi pension kufuneka indexed ngonyaka.

Ngomhla ixesha kwengqesho

KwiSahluko 5, №-FZ 400 (kunye nezimvo kunye nezongezelelo ukusuka 2017) Wawumisa imigaqo elawula injongo ethile lamathuba inshorensi pension. Ngenxa yoko, Inqaku 22 ibhekisela ezantsi isicelo uhlobo inshorensi pension. Iintlawulo phantsi komthetho, oqeshwe ngawo unanamhla. Ukuba ungummi sele ababululamela kwigunya elifanelekileyo nayiphi na inxalenye wokubhala eziyimfuneko pension, uya kunikwa ukulibaziseka kwiinyanga ezintathu.

uhlobo inshorensi Pension linokukwenziwa phambi kokuba unyango gama kuphela kwiimeko ezithile;

• Old-ubudala - ukusuka kumhla sokuphela komsebenzi, ukuba ngummi isicelo sentlawulo bathi akukho nyanga ngaphezu kwesinye ukususela kumhla nokugxothwa;
• Ukukhubazeka - imini yokuvunywa ummi okhubazekileyo, ukuba kukho isibheno hayi emva konyaka omnye ukususela mhla;
• kumsitho ukufa umondli - ukuba kufakwe isibheno emva kunokuba konyaka omnye ukususela kumhla isiqinisekiso ngokufa umondli.

Iintlawulo Pension yokukhubazeka lubekelwe ixesha ingqalelo njengommi abakhubazekileyo. Iintlawulo endala-ubudala okanye abasindayo kuhlala ngokusisigxina.