Finnish uMongameli Tarja Halonen: engobomi, umsebenzi kwezopolitiko, usapho, kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Finnish Social Democrat Tarja Kaarina Halonen ngoFebruwari 2000 waba ngowokuqala ngumongameli sabafazi Finland. UMphathiswa Foreign yangaphambili yezopolitiko wayedume indlela yakhe ngqo zonxibelelwano kunye nesimbo elizimeleyo. Kwaye nangona ugqatso kamongameli "impumlo emathatheni" kunye ziintshaba, kungekudala waba njengomnye weenkokheli zithandwa eFinland.

Tarja Halonen: biography

Umongameli elizayo wazalwa ngoDisemba 24, 1943 e Helsinki (Finland) kwi Vieno Olavi Halonen kunye Lyuuli Elina Loimola. Apho wachitha ebuntwaneni kwindawo abasebenzi Kallio, igama lakhe kunye nomhla wokuzalwa wamnika inkuthazo kwangethuba utshintsho elizayo. Ngokutsho kwakhe, xa intombazana encinane, "Tarja" Igama wayengekho kwikhalenda. Yaye oko kuyimfuneko ukuze uphuhliso inkanuko yokutshintsha njenge yokuzalwa kwi Eva Christmas, yaye igama ukuba ayikho? "Tarja" lisuka kwigama Russian "uDaria." Nangona kunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba ithathele ingqalelo into yokuba Halonen wazalwa ngexesha Second World War apho eSoviet Red Army nkobe. Nangona isibakala sokuba eFinland wasuka imfazwe umbuso ozimeleyo wentando yesininzi, abantu abayi ngokukhawuleza ukulibala ukuhlaselwa 1939, nto leyo eye kwakunzima yedwa.

Njengabantu abaninzi abaselula-1960, Tarja Halonen inxaxheba kwintshukumo yasekhohlo kunye ingqalelo Che Guevara umfanekiso wakhe oqingqiweyo. Wafunda kwiYunivesithi Helsinki waza wafumana iziqu zakhe umthetho ngo 1968. Kunyaka olandelayo, Halonen inxaxheba kwimiba yezentlalo kwaye unobhala jikelele we-National Union of abafundi Finnish. Ngowe-1970, waqalisa ukusebenza njengoko igqwetha kwi-Central Umbutho of Trade Unions Finnish.

Ngowe-1971, Tarja Halonen yaba lilungu le-Social Democratic Party, yaye waqhubeka ukusebenza ekuphunyezweni inguqu eluntwini. Phakathi iintlangano ezininzi athe wazibandakanya kulo mzamo yaba International ubunye Fund, i-Iberia-American Foundation, i-Association of Finland-Nicaragua Association Finland-Chile. Iingxaki ze solidarity ngamazwe kunye nobulungisa kwezentlalo iya kuhlala yinxalenye ubomi bakhe.

Tarja Halonen: umsebenzi wezopolitiko

Halonen waqalisa umsebenzi wakhe kwezopolitiko ngo-1974, xa iNkulumbuso Kalevi Sorsa wamisa uNobhala kwakhe wePalamente. Wayibamba esi sithuba sengqesho ukulungiselela unyaka. Ngowe-1977 yena wonyulwa ukuba wokuqala amagama amahlanu Helsinki City Council, apho wayesebenza kude kube ngo-1996, yaye ngowe-1979 yena wonyulwa ilungu lepalamente ngenxa yokuqala lamathuba ezintlanu ezilandelelanayo (ukuya kutsho ku-2000). Emva kokuchitha emihlanu kweminyaka amasekela, Halonen waqalisa ukuba badlale indima enkulu ngakumbi.

Ukususela 1984 ukuya 1987 yena usihlalo weKomiti Social Affairs.

Ukususela ngowe-1991 ukuya kowe-1995, Tarja Halonen, iye usekela-sihlalo weKomiti leMicimbi zomthetho kwaye usihlalo weKomiti High ngo-1995.

umsebenzi Parallel ePalamente, yena wayebambe izikhundla kakhulu kwiindawo oorhulumente ezintathu. Okokuqala, ukususela 1987 ukuya 1990 waye uMphathiswa of Social Affairs and Health. Oku kwalandelwa kokuqeshwa kwakhe nguMphathiswa ngenxa Nordic Co-operation ukususela ngo-1989 ukuya 1991 Ngowe-1990 waba ngunyaka uMphathiswa wezoBulungisa.

Ungaze uthi "awusoze"

Emva koko, ngo-1995 waye wonyulwa nguMphathiswa weMicimbi Foreign. Halonen yabanjwa kule post de unyulo bakhe ngumongameli ngo-2000. Apha waye kakhulu nok bakhaya bakhe. Phakathi impumelelo olona umongameli we-European Union kwi kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka wama-1999 kunye nenkcaso ezingisileyo ubulungu Finland e-NATO. Ngowe-1997, yathi ilizwe lakhe kuye isigqibo ukuze siphume imifela nokugcina wokhuselo onamandla lwesizwe. Ngokutsho kwakhe, yena wayengekho Qinisekisa ukuba enye iza kubonelela uzinzo, kunye nale ekuvunyelwene bantu kunye nobunkokheli bezopolitiko. Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, uye wathamba ngalo mbandela xa wathi akazange athi "never", kodwa "kungekhona ngoku."

recusancy

Phezu kwako nje umsebenzi wakhe wezopolitiko, eqhubekileyo ukwandisa udumo lwayo yaye bathandwe, Tarja Halonen, ukuze kulondolozwe ukuzimela kwaye zange waya ngoxolelwaniso. Watshata nesowaliweyo, wavusa intombi yakhe umama ongatshatanga. Ukuphila kwilizwe yamaLuthere, Tarja ningashukunyiswa nimke ecaweni. imigaqo-nkqubo yayo, kubandakanywa imidlalo yayo amalungelo gay i ngokugqibeleleyo ukuba eFinland amaninzi, ingakumbi belali. Nkqu ubudlelwane zakhe ziye zabangela wothuka xa zizithathela nomhlobo wakhe elide Pentti Arajarvi ngaphandle iintsikelelo ububingeleli. Agana emva konyulo ukuya ngumongameli. Kodwa akukho namnye lo asingomkhwa akakwazanga ukuthintela nezinyuko yezopolitiko Halonen. Tarja ukhethwe ngumongameli.

Umongameli Umfazi wokuqala

Ngowe-1906, Finland yaba lilizwe lokuqala eYurophu ukunika abasetyhini ilungelo lokuvota. Malunga 94 neminyaka kamva, yena wonyulwa umongameli wayo wokuqala ababhinqileyo. Kodwa lo mzuzu wembali, hayi ngaphandle kokuba umzabalazo ekrakra.

Ekuqaleni unyulo 2000 kwi zokuvota Halonen wathabatha kwindawo yesine kuphela. main nembangi yayo, elondoloza owayesakuba owayesakuba Prime Minister Esko aho wagxininisa ngokuphuma yayo Leftism, ingakumbi wabavoti besiza. Kunjalo, ukhetho ngoJanuwari 16 Tarja iphumelele 39.9% ye kwivoti, xa kuthelekiswa kwi 34.6% aho. Kwaba Akwanelanga ukuba uloyiso, njengoko kufuneka kuyigqitha komntu-50%. NgoFebruwari 6 umjikelo eladlulayo wesibini unyulo. Ngeli xesha, lafumana 51,6% ye kwivoti, xa kuthelekiswa 48,4%, wamnika iqela lakhe.

Tarja Halonen, umongameli wokuqala female of Finland, wathabatha ofisi njengoko intloko ye-11 lizwe Matshi 1, 2000.

Ukuphumelela waphuma ubukhulu becala ngenxa ukukwazi ukutsala seevoti abafazi endala kunye nomsa gca. Ababesakuba Finnish Prime Minister Paavo Lipponen, inkokheli Social Democrat, wathi Halonen - umntu ngamnye wayo, ukungafihli, kwaye umlinganiswa okwenyaniso apho wafumana intlokoma kweli iqela. Enoba izizathu uloyiso yayo, kungekudala umongameli asanda kunyulwa wazuza ithandwa kakhulu.

Engaqhelekanga kwaye kangangokuba abantu

Kungekudala ngaphambi kokuthatha ofisi, Halonen, Finland yamkela umgaqo-siseko omtsha, nto leyo ukudlulisela amagunya ukuya epalamente, zinciphisa isakhono umongameli okuphembelela imicimbi zangaphakathi. Nangona yinkokeli lizwe iqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiqonga lelizwe jikelele, kungekudala Tarja wakwenza kwacaca ukuba akukho uza kuba yayibhalwe. Noko ke, ayiyi kuhoywa isibakala sokuba abantu obeka amathemba enkulu phezu kwawo, ukuze kusala ungenanto ngenxa amandla iye sifunyenwe. Ngokutsho kwakhe, xa iPalamente ibingayinciphisanga amagunya umongameli, ukwanda okulindelekileyo kunye neemfuno zabantu ngokuphathelele nokunyanzeliswa indima yabo ethile kwipolitiki zasekhaya. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ezi amaphiko zalungisa kuphela, hayi kunqunyulwa umthanjiswa, Halonen iye yaqinisekisa ukulawula amaziko ezibalulekileyo ezifana yomkhosi.

wedding ephambene

Ngoko nangoko emva konyulo, ziintatheli wabuza umhlobo Tarja Arajarvi ngomtshato izicwangciso izibini. Wavuma ukuba lo mba kwaxoxwa, kodwa wathi yena akayi kwenza ukunikezwa esidlangalaleni yaye akayi kuthetha esidlangalaleni, uya kwenza oko okanye akunjalo. Kunjalo, kuba libhiyozela izithethe okanye ezinye izizathu, ngoAgasti 2000, isibini watshata ngasese.

Halonen umshado enye concessions ezimbalwa ukuya kwisikhundla sakhe esitsha ukuba wayekulungele ukuhamba.

Moominmamma

Ngokubanzi Tarja baziphatha njengangaphambili. kwindawo yayo kwimiba efana ne-ntle yoluntu yaseScandinavia, amalungelo oluntu kunye ukhuselo lokusingqongileyo, ayitshintshanga. Enyanisweni, wahlala iyavumelana ukuba ixesha lakhe. Anditshintshanga kunye nesimbo sakhe. ulwimi Strong, wayengabunyamezeli noqhankqalazo lobu kunye ingqiqo okhethekileyo fashion baba ebalasele zakhe. Tarja iye igcinwe uthando ngenxa yobugcisa, lokuqubha, ikati zayo zasekhaya kunye nofudo. Konke oku negalelo ekuyilweni umfanekiso zabafazi ephumayo kwaye tye, nto leyo ifumaneka kwibutho Halonen. Lo matshini Swedish baqamba "Moominmamma" lakhe egameni oyintanda Finnish ikhathuni uphawu wadala yi wegcisa Finnish kade kunye nombhali noTove Jansson. Halonen ratings zisukela 94-97% ekhulwini, ngamanye amaxesha uye ekuweleni "ezilula" 85%. Ngo-2004, waba ngumntu kuphela ngoku ubomi, wakha zibandakanyiwe umabonwakude popular abatyunjiweyo ezilishumi mkhulu eFinland. Ngamanye amazwi, Halonen uye waba ngomnye abongameli uthandwayo lonke ixesha eFinland.

Ceres Imbasa namanye amawonga

Ukongeza ukuthandwa omkhulu, umongameli ababhinqileyo, Tarja Halonen, yenze iimina intlonipho loogxa kunye noontanga ekhaya nakumazwe aphesheya. Ngo-2004, yena Babala izidanga yekhethelo ubuncinane ezilithoba kwiiyunivesithi, kuquka i-Chinese Academy of Namahlathi eBeijing (2002), Ewha Womans University Republic of Korea (2002) kunye neYunivesithi yase eBluefield Nicaragua (2004). Ngaphezu koko, bafumana amabhaso ezifana Molteno yase Ceres, i-Food and Agriculture Organisation leZizwe eziManyeneyo (2002) kunye Award yobuntu 2004 of the American Foundation "ulawulo oluqhelekileyo" - ". Umbono jikelele kunye nembono humanistic" ibhaso "Deutsche Bank" ngenxa

NgoJanuwari 2006, Tarja uphinde wonyulwa ukuba ikota yesibini kwaye barhoxa Matshi 1, 2012 Ukususela ngoko, yena kunokubangela i-UN Group Working, inkampani engenzi nzuzo Helsinki Uzinzo Centre, i-World Fund iBhunga loLawulo Wildlife kwaye abe ngusihlalo we-Finnish National Gallery.

ezimhlophe-Red blonde kweli lizwe

Lo mfazi, apho kufanele kungajongelwa phantsi. Musa ukuqhathwa, uMongameli Finland Tarja Halonen - hayi ngaphandle kwegunya conformist. Ilangatye-iinwele blonde kweli lizwe, yena unekratshi kakhulu ukuba ngumongameli wakhe umthombo wempembelelo kwabasetyhini Finnish. Hayi kuphela ngabo - Tarja wafumana amakhulu iileta ezivela amantombazana aselula, kwaye unethemba ukuba abe nako abakhuthaze ngokunjalo.

Oko kunyaniseka yoqobo kunye uburharha, Tarja Halonen kakhulu ngokuchanileyo yaba, xa ngo-2003, waqala ukuvela kunye owayemele komphefumlo James Brown. Ukwala ukucula kunye naye, uHana wabulela uMnu Brown ngokuza, wathi ukuba akukho nto show-amantombazana. Mhlawumbi kunjalo, kodwa wavuma ukuba ukudanisa naye.