Esifutshane Biography Pirogova Nikolaya Ivanovicha. Pirogov N. I. - ugqirha, umseki zotyando Russian zomkhosi

ixesha ngalinye ukufumana esibhedlele, ingakumbi ukuze baphumeze utyando, ndazibona sele ucinga ngendlela apho abantu lifikelele lesayensi. oogqirha abadumileyo wazi yonke into. Pirogov, UNikolai Ivanovich - omnye woogqirha abaziwayo - anatomist, umseki zomzimba, ilungu le-St Petersburg Academy of Sciences.

ebuntwaneni

Future Doctor wazalwa Novemba 13, 1810 eMoscow. Family Pirogov ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: uyise Ivan waba ngunondyebo. Uyisemkhulu Ivan Miheich - emkhosini, kwafika kwintsapho yamahlwempu. UNina Elizabeth I. umthengisi usapho. I Nicholas omncane abazalwana noodade-5. Bonke abazali wayenabantwana-14, kodwa abaninzi bafa ekuseni kakhulu.

Ngokufutshane wafunda kwindlu yabahambi, kodwa ngenxa yeengxaki zemali kwafuneka ukuba baqhubeke nezifundo zabo ekhaya. A nemiphumo emihle kakhulu wenza umhlobo usapho, ugqirha-unjingalwazi E. Mukhin.

Kungekudala le nkwenkwe bafunda ukufunda, kwaye kwiminyaka esibhozo ukufunda ngaphezu iincwadi kweshumi kunye namaphephancwadi ngeelwimi ezahlukeneyo.

eyunivesithi

Lokwazisa Biography Pirogova Nikolaya Ivanovicha njengoko ugqirha iqala kunye nenyaniso yokuba kule minyaka elishumi elinesine ukuba babhalise Moscow Institute of the Faculty Medical. Isiseko izazinzulu ezinqongopheleyo, kwaye ngexesha noqeqesho ugqirha elizayo akazange enze naliphi na umsebenzi. Kodwa Siyithandile elivisayo, bambalwa ootitshala kunye nabo yathandabuza Pirogov - wotyando. Nomnqweno okuphilisa landa kuphela ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukuze oogqirha elizayo ukuphatha abantu intsingiselo yobomi bakhe.

imisebenzi olunye

Ngowe-1828, i-Institute sele sigqityiwe ngempumelelo. nyaka elishumi elinesibhozo ugqirha ubudala baya uqeqesho olululo olubalungiselela ekufumaneni itayitile uprofesa aphesheya. Kwiminyaka nje esibhozo ubudala, wahamba umnqweno wakhe waza waba yintloko yesebe zoqhaqho kwiYunivesithi isixeko Estonian of Dorpat (igama langoku - Tartu).

Enye rumor umfundi lungaye, lwahamba kude ngaphaya esikolweni.

Ngowe-1833 yena wemka Berlin, apho yahlaselwa utyando endala-lixesha yasekuhlaleni. Noko ke, ndachukumiseka bebambe kunye izakhono nobuchule abalingane German.

Ngowe-1841 Pirogov wabuyela eRashiya waza waya kusebenza Academy Steel eSt Petersburg.

Kwiminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu emsebenzini wayo ugqirha zithandwa kakhulu phakathi zonke iyaxela kuluntu. Izazinzulu beyixabisa oko olunzulu ulwazi kunye nokuzinikela. Poor UNikolai Ivanovich ekhunjulwa egqirheni nokuzincama. Abantu babesazi ukuba ikhekhe - ugqirha owayeza kubaphatha simahla, yaye ukunceda ngemali abo abaninzi abasweleyo.

yezonyango Military

Esifutshane Biography Pirogova Nikolaya Ivanovicha uyakwazi ukuthetha inxaxheba ukungqubana kwemihla emininzi kunye izimpi zomkhosi:

- imfazwe abaseAfrika (1847).

- War iCrimea (1854-1855 g).

- War Franco-Prussia (1870, njengenxalenye yokwakha Red Cross).

- Russian-Turkish iMfazwe (1877)

kwimisebenzi yezobunzululwazi

Ophaya - imithi! Igama likagqirha kunye nenzululwazi bonke beza kunye.

Ihlabathi wabona imisebenzi sisazinzulu bha uncedo ukusebenza wabangxwelerhiweyo kwi edabini. "Bawo zotyando Russian" - Pirogov uNikolay Ivanovich. Igalelo ogqirha zichaza ngokufutshane akunakwenzeka, umsebenzi omkhulu kangaka kwenziwa ngabo.

Iimfundiso malunga ukuzilimaza yi izixhobo ezahlukahlukeneyo, kuquka imipu, ukucoca kunye magciwane, reactions umzimba, ukwenzakala, iingxaki, ukopha, ukonzakala kakhulu, enika imilenze yima - kuphela inxalenye encinane into okuseleyo ukuba ezihlangwini ugqirha omkhulu. ngoku lakhe iitekisi kwaye zisetyenziswa ekufundiseni abafundi lwamacandelo ezininzi.

Atlas Pirogov, "ngesimo Anatomy" ehlabathini edumileyo.

Elinesithandathu Oktobha 1846 - umhla obalulekileyo kwimbali. operation lokuqala lwaqhutywa ukuze uluntu kunye ngokupheleleyo Ukubulawa jikelele. into Soporific ezenziwe moya.

Esifutshane Biography Pirogova Nikolaya Ivanovicha abuna- ukukhankanya ukuba ugqirha wamnika isiseko yenzululwazi okokuqala isetyenziswe ngempumelelo zomzimba. Ingxaki nakwenzeka yokuba relaxant bemisipha reflex kwinqanaba leyo isonjululwe ngoku.

Njengaye nawuphi ezintsha, umoya ivavanywe izilwanyana - izinja kunye namathole. Emva koko, abancedisi. Yaba kuphela emva iimvavanyo ngempumelelo zomzimba baqalisa ukuba kusetyenziswa izicwangciso imisebenzi, kwaye nokuhlangula zabangendawo ababuleweyo kwi edabini eneneni.

Chloroform - uhlobo olunye wobuthongo obunzulu iye yavavanywa ngempumelelo. Kwiminyaka nje embalwa inani intengiselwano wayesondele iwaka utyando.

Ngokusebenzisa efakwa kaEtere yayekwa. Kwakukho ukufa rhoqo. Kuphela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, oogqirha kunye Kravkov Fedorov nako ukusombulula le ngxaki ngokuthi uqhutyelwe isifundo esitsha - "Gedonal". Le ndlela zomzimba nangoku elikholisa ukubizwa ngokuba 'Russian ".

Ethandwa kakhulu usekho isezele kweziyobisi soporific.

Scientist besoma abaqeqeshwe oogqirha kuzo zonke iindawo zeli lizwe abangena kuyo. Eyenziweyo imisebenzi ngqo izigulane, abo ndibonile ngamehlo am wakhe ukhuseleko olu ngenelelo ngoncedo.

Inqaku ebhalwe nguye ziye zaguqulelwa kwiilwimi eziphambili zaseYurophu - German, isiFrentshi, Italian, IsiNgesi - wapapashwa kwiimpapasho phambili.

Ekuqaleni obafunyanwa oogqirha Wada weza evela eMelika, ukuze bafunde indlela yakutshanje.

Yokuhlela kunye nonyango

Esifutshane Biography Pirogova Nikolaya Ivanovicha iqulathe ulwazi malunga nophando kunye fyabo izixhobo kakhulu kuphucula amathuba inhalation.

Ugqirha omkhulu Lamnika evela amabhandeji otashi abangafezekanga kwanyanzeliswa gypsum ngo-1852.

Xa ngokuthi ka Pirogov kwi kwizibhedlele empi abongikazi ababhinqileyo. Ndiyabulela udokotela ukuqeqesha olu hlobo zabasebenzi bezonyango wafumana yophuhliso enamandla.

Ngenxa yempembelelo UNikolai Ivanovich wahlatywa ukusebenza kakuhle. Kwakukho iintlobo ezintlanu - ebubini abo babefuna uncedo encinci.

Ngenxa kule isantya elula indlela yokuthuthwa kwezinye izibhedlele liye landa amaxesha amaninzi ngaphezu. Yeyiphi wamnika ithuba nje kuphela ebomini, kodwa bachache ngokupheleleyo.

Ngaphambili, xa ufumana bambalwa abantu ezilikhulu ngexesha sisiphithiphithi foster, uncedo yanikezelwa kancinci kakhulu.

Ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba ukuba angekayazi eyona kwezesayensi malunga iivithamini. Pirogov wayezimisele ukuba iminqathe intlanzi kunye namafutha kunceda ukukhawuleziswa recovery. World bubonakaliswe, igama elithi "ukutya zempilo". izigulane zabo ugqirha emiselweyo "bahamba ngumoya." ingqalelo eqaphelekayo lwezempilo.

Kwakhona le asset Pirogov utyando zeplastiki ezininzi, ukufakelwa zitho. isicelo osteoplasty ngempumelelo.

usapho

Ugqirha waye watshata izihlandlo ezibini. Umfazi wakhe wokuqala, n Berezina kungekudala washiya ihlabathi lethu - nje iminyaka engamashumi amabini anesine.

Ihlabathi wabona abantwana Pirogova Nikolaya Ivanovicha - UNikolai kunye Vladimir.

umfazi wesibini - Baroness Alexandra von Bistro.

memory

UNikolai Ivanovich wayengekho November 23, 1881 at kwilifa lakhe kufutshane Vinnitsa. umzimba ngemithi (kwakhona osekuqaleni Pirogov) baze bafakwe sarcophagus yeglasi. Okwangoku, byi irhafu sisazinzulu, ungenza kwigumbi elingaphantsi kwebandla lendawo Orthodox.

Xa Military Medical Museum e St. Petersburg, uyakwazi ukubona zabucala izinto zakho nogqirha, yesandla inqaku ukuzibulala kunye uxilongo.

inzala Nombulelo ukhunjulwa kwisikhumbuzo ubungqondi e ngeenkongolo amaninzi, ukufunda, ogama lakhe behlonipha UNikolai Ivanovich. Kwizixeko ezininzi ehlabathini ezikhumbuzo ezivulekileyo kwengeniso. Igama ugqirha ke iikholeji neeyunivesithi, izibhedlele, kunye nezibhedlele, izitishi ukutofelwa igazi, izitalato, Centre Surgical. NI Pirogov, i indawo yokuhamba-hamba kunye Ibhanti.

osemqoka film "pie" yathathwa ngo- 1947.

Bulgaria wavakalisa inkumbulo yayo isitampu zokuposa nestampu ngo-1977 kunye nesihloko "iminyaka eli-100 ukususela ekufikeni Academician."