Elumnkisa zemiyalelo: Haloperidol

Isifundo yokufunda kweli nqaku sisiyobisi "Haloperidol", umyalelo apho umbandela kuthathwa njengesiseko.

Haloperidol (Haloperidol), Haloperidol Decanoate (ngokuba kuqhume), haloperidol sihlisa - yi kude ukulungiswa kakhulu ezinamandla psychoactive ye emininzi ebanzi amanyathelo. Uye yobudala yekhethelo kwimbali yonyango sezifo kakhulu ngengqondo kunye luvo - engama 55 (ze avavanywe futhi kule nkampani Belgian "Janssen Pharmaceutica" ngo-1957).

Iziyobisi ibhekisa kwiqela antipsychotics okanye neuroleptics. Ngoko wabizwa de Pharmacology kunye pharmaceutics 1990 zange avele neuroleptics (antipsychotic) of kwisizukulwana esitsha. Emva koko Haloperidol babebizwa antipsychotic eqhelekileyo (TN) okanye antipsychotic eqhelekileyo (TA). isizukulwana esitsha lwamachiza (umzekelo, quetiapine, olanzapine, kunye nabanye.) abizwa ngokuba antipsychotics Nedlac (AN) okanye antipsychotics Nedlac (AA). Umahluko phakathi izizukulwana la machiza mhlawumbi ukubaluleka olululo amayeza. Kubalulekile ukuqonda Haloperidol njani yingozi. side effects ukuba ngamanye amaxesha kuye kukhokelele izifo ezongezelelweyo ezifuna unyango eyahlukileyo.

Ezinye AA (Seroquel), ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga nabangekafumani kufunyenwe.

Haloperidol, umyalelo apho ngazo eli phepha, ngokwenene uluhlu olukhulu lwemisebenzi. Kwanele ukudwelisa izifo iphathwa nesicelo wayo ukuba kwacaca ukubaluleka ukuba anayo yezonyango.

Haloperidol isetyenziswa kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Lengqondo excitation imvelaphi ezahlukeneyo: mania (overexcitation kunye ukuzaliseka yokuziphatha eyingozi) amatyala ukukhubazeka engqondweni (ukukhubazeka engqondweni), ubuntu disorder (izifo kwingqiqo yolwazi kunye nokuziphatha), schizophrenia (i Isifo sengqondo esisinda), butywala ezingapheliyo;
• izifo bazikhohlisa (ukungakwazi ukwahlula real kwihlabathi ukulinganisela ngokoqobo);
• disorder Hallucinatory (inkolelo ingundoqo ekuva bazikhohlisa okanye iziganeko ezibonwayo ezikhona, leyo okunene ayisekho);
• Tourette kaThixo syndrome kubonakaliswa (twitching imisipha yobuso, Ukuqoba ihlale kuyo, sostraivanie kwenaliti, isithuko okungalawulekilyo);
• Kubonakaliswa chorea Huntington (a kukwaphula enzima neziyingozi zeentshukumo de ilahleko epheleleyo ulungelelwaniso, ayibuyiseki umva ubugqwetha ngokuthe ngcembe zentetho kunye yokucinga, ingqondo progressive kufa; kwixesha elizayo - erasure olupheleleyo yesazisi kunye nokungabikho kolawulo kwemisebenzi iimoto, isifo esinganyangekiyo - nga ngokuyinxalenye kuphela ukuphelisa ukubandezeleka umguli, ngo Kwiimeko ezininzi kuphela ukufa yesigulana);
• Ukubonakaliswa izifo zengqondo (ezo ayichazi ngokupheleleyo somatic transferred - akukho isigulo sengqondo, kodwa ayichazi ngokupheleleyo izigulo zengqondo yangoku);
• Kubonakaliswa ukuphazamiseka zokuziphatha ebantwaneni kunye nezigulane abadala;
• Kubonakaliswa abanale;
• Okubonakalisa a hiccups ukugabha oluzinzileyo oluzinzileyo, hayi ukunika ezinye iindlela zonyango.
• Kwiintlobo ngeentlobo iziyobisi "Haloperidol Decanoate" - unyango inkxaso xa iimpawu ngesifo sengqondo.

imiphumela emibi - Haloperidol

Zintoni iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga haloperidol na? Guide isixelela oku ecace kakhulu.

Iziphumo luvo kunye namaziko sensory:

• Izenzakalo akathisia (Mzoli);
• Simanga izifo extrapyramidal dystonic (spasm yobuso, intamo kunye nezihlunu umva, iintshukumo, impu-, twitching, ubuthakathaka iingalo kunye nemilenze);
• Le izenzakalo Parkinson ukuphazamiseka extrapyramidal (ngobunzima ngexesha ukuthetha nokuginya, i "ubuso maskoobraznym" - isondo zihlunu kunye nesikhumba egudise, yobuso ayihambelani iimvakalelo kunye mmangalelwa, izandla neminwe - nongcangcazelo (enikina);
• Le ngxaki yokusetyenziswa intloko ebuhlungu, ngokufuthi verging phezu kunzima;
• Ugwayi phenomenon;
• Le izenzakalo nobuthongo (mhlawumbi i alternation of nobuthongo kunye ukuphuthelwa);
• Le izenzakalo exhalabisayo, ixhala, imincili, ukuphazamiseka (imvakalelo);
• Ngumkhuba of Sisenokulila (chaza nidloba uvuyo mpilweni kwaye imide - kule meko isigulane akuthethi ndonwabe);
• Le izenzakalo zokudakumba (chaza ngqiqweni edandathekile, ngokufuthi - nenzondo ebomini kunye nomnqweno kufa);
• Le izenzakalo silale (imo "ifile" - yonke imisebenzi ufana nqwa komzimba ukufa ngokungenammiselo yonke imisebenzi ebalulekileyo phinda);
• Sokuwa (unditsho kulahleka sisifo thile);
• Le izenzakalo ukudideka;
• Amatyala exacerbation (zisiba mandundu, zisiba) ngengqondo;
• Amacala ngamaphupho;
• Lo mkhuba zeDyskinesia tardive (bona i "isilumkiso efunekayo".);
• Kwiimeko zokugxojwa acuity olubonakalayo, isenzeko seengxangxasi (clouding lens emehlweni), le ngxaki yokusetyenziswa retinopathy (semehlo isifo eye nemithambo).

Intshukumo kwinkqubo sentliziyo, iinkqubo hematopoiesis:

• Isenzeko tachycardia (rate intliziyo ukwanda);
• Amatyala lwegazi / hypotension (aphezulu okanye asezantsi uxinzelelo lwegazi);
• Amatyala ventricular arrhythmia (ukuphazamiseka ibetha intliziyo rhythm);
• Lo mfanekiso utshintsho kwi-ECG (electrocardiogram intliziyo embi);
• Amatyala ukufa ngesiquphe imvelaphi sentliziyo;
• Amatyala leukocytosis ezidlulayo kunye leukopenia (ukuncitshiswa okanye ukwanda kwenani iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, uthe buthathaka iimpawu zokhuselo lomzimba, ingozi yokuba nomhlaza wegazi);
• erythropenia ngumkhuba (lancipha inani iiseli ezibomvu, uthi yokunqongophala kwe-oksijini egazini, ingozi yokuba nomhlaza wegazi);
• Amatyala igazi (ukungabikho kwalo ngegazi, ithetha oksijini ukunqongophala emzimbeni, kuyingozi ubukho iinkqubo arhabaxa);
• agranulocytosis ngumkhuba (lancipha inani granulocytes - iiseli igazi granular linoxanduva lokukhusela umzimba zizifo, nangokurhala enzima eyingozi, zinciphise ingozi - ukwenzeka somhlaza igazi).

Action kwi isixokelelwano sokuphefumla:

• laryngospasm phenomenon (ubunzima yokuginya nentetho);
• Le mba we bronchospasm (ukuphelelwa umoya - zombini somoya).

Intshukumo kwi iphecana zesisu

• Amatyala ukudla (ligatya ukutya ngokusebenzisa ukugabha, ukudinwa eziyingozi kunye nokufa yindlala);
• Amatyala kwesisu isisu;
• Izenzakalo hypersalivation (isuka mpilweni amathe flow);
• amatyala Neukratimoy of isicaphucaphu nokugabha;
• Ukunyhashwa isibindi;
• Le mba we senyongo obstructive (ukuvaleka ngomatshini we bile duct).

Isiphumo kwinkqubo genitourinary

• glands Mammary - a engorgement nesenzeko (coarsening);
• Amatyala secretion Nedlac (ekubhobhozeni engaqhelekanga) ubisi;
• Isenzeko mastalgia (iintlungu esifubeni);
• Le mba we gynecomastia (ukwanda amadlala amabele ngabantu);
• Zaphazanyiswa umjikelezo wokuya;
• Izenzakalo ukugcinwa womchamo;
• Amatyala yokungabi;
• AMatyala ukulwa ukwandisa yobuntu;
• Amatyala priapism (bolulelwa ulwakhiwo ngaphandle kwesizathu).

Action esikhumbeni

• Amatyala utshintsho yesikhumba: maculopapular (irhashalala, eliquka amabala kunye ezisezintabeni ulusu) kunye akneobraznyh (irhashalala, equka amaqhakuva, induna);
• Le mba we photosensitivity (ukukrala kakhulu ulusu xa isetyenziswe ukukhanya);
• Amatyala alopecia (ilahleko iinwele).

Eminye imiphumela emibi

• Isenzeko neuroleptic syndrome elinobuhlungu (ubushushu ngasentla 40, umbilo ezahlulwe, kunciphisa uxinzelelo uyahluka umchamo engathandi, izihlunu "ndindisholo", andabikho zingqondweni, angabikho zingqondweni kwenzeka ukufana izizathu zikarhulumente aziqondwa, akukho unyango kuphuhliswa ukufa mhlawumbi ..);
• Amatyala hyperprolactinemia (hormone prolactin excess - unobangela ubudlolo kwakunye zokuyeka yokuqala sexesheni);
• Ngumkhuba of hyperglycemia (iswekile yegazi phezulu) kunye hypoglycemia (eliphantsi iswekile yegazi);
• Amatyala hyponatremia (umxholo ephantsi sodium egazini kuyingozi nokudumba ubuchopho).

Abaguli, nangona kukho Izimo, haloperidol, iintsapho zabo kufuneka baxoxe le meko kunye nogqirha wakho kwaye ucele indawo replacement, ukuba kunokwenzeka.

A amanyathelo ayimfuneko kunye haloperidol

Ekuhambeni unyango kutyhilwa iintsingiselo eziyingozi zilandelayo:

• izigulane abadala babe psychosis ezinxulumene sengqondo esixhalabisayo (saka ilahleko memory) basengozini. Egcine ukufa kwalo. Isizathu kusenokwenzeka ukuba babe neengxaki kwicandelo nesifo sentliziyo - iimpawu sisifo sentliziyo, ukufa ngesiquphe, inyumoniya. antipsychotics Nedlac, leyo kwezinye iimeko zezi haloperidol elikhuselekileyo, kulo mzekelo, anike umfanekiso enye ingozi yokuba TA.
• Amatyala zeDyskinesia tardive emva ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide okanye ukurhoxiswa ichiza (ngokuzenzekelayo ulwimi intshukumo enesingqi, ubuso, umlomo kunye umhlathi - ezifana equmbile ulwimi, izidlele olunyuswe, imilebe yakhe kubuna, kukho isenzeko lweentshukumo ihlafuna olungalawulwayo, iintshukumo ngokuzenzekelayo le imilenze kunye buti). A Inani lezigulane kunye zeDyskinesia vuhlayiseki tardive. Ifuna ukususwa ichiza.
• Amatyala ukuphazamiseka extrapyramidal (bona. "Iziphumo ezingalindelekanga")
• Amatyala ezingaqhelekanga kwentliziyo, kuquka esizakukhokelela ukufa intliziyo ngequbuliso.

Uluhlu iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye neengozi ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa haloperidol utyhila yingxaki enkulu ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa ichiza. Haloperidol kuyingozi kakhulu. Oogqirha bayisebenzise xa kusenziwa ngokubanzi (ubukhulu becala zengqondo), kukho ukhetho nzima. Kwelinye icala, ukuba ukunyanga izifo ngentla de kutshanje ke akwenzeki ngaphandle haloperidol. Kwelinye icala, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kufuna balumke ngeyona kunye nogqirha nokulungela ngalo naliphi na ixesha ukuze uqale unyango ezongezelelweyo, eli xesha ngokuchasene neempawu okungafunwayo syndromes, nto leyo enika ngokwaso Haloperidol. iingxelo Manual: kwi ingozi yokuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ichiza kufuneka kurhoxiswa. Kodwa uninzi amatyala oku akunakwenzeka, kuba ukupheliswa iya kukhokelela exacerbation kwesi sifo ngxabano.

Isisombululo nomntu AA banikwa ingxaki - ingakumbi, Seroquel (quetiapine), apho ezingabonwayo Ukuphazamiseka extrapyramidal kunye zeDyskinesia, kunye nesiphumo konwaywa a izakhono ophezulu haloperidol ezimbalwa. Noko ke, ukuba bathi AA ngokuqinisekileyo ngcono TA nangoku ekuseni kakhulu - kuyimfuneko ukuba kuqhubeka uphando lwezonyango kunye kugcinwa practical.