Ebekiweyo ezingummiselo kwinkqubo yoluntu: ingqiqo kunye neentlobo

Ixabiso amaxesha ekuxoxweni kwamatyala embambano kukuba izibakala ezibalulekileyo eziphembelela ukuvela, ukutshintsha kunye nokupheliswa neentlobano yenkqubo.

Ingcamango yokuba kukho amaxesha ekuxoxweni kwamatyala embambano

ebekiweyo zokwenziwayo kwamatyala embambano ixesha elilindwayo eye ukhululwe yinkundla okanye ngumthetho ukwenza iintshukumo ezithile ngamaqela achaphazelekayo kwimbambano. Order yokubala, kunye neziphumo olungekho ekupheleni amagama sangoku lunikezelwe siSahluko 9 soMgaqo-Civil Procedure Code.

Imihla kule inkqubo eqhutywa imisebenzi ezininzi, ezizezi:

• uyagcina - ukuqinisekisa ukubambelela kwiinkqubo zomthetho ,
• interim - ukuthintela ukulibaziseka kule nkqubo kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwamalungelo ,
• nkampani - ulawula ixesha yeengxoxo.

Ukumisela sikhokelo ngokwemigaqo yenkqubo yimeko ebalulekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba semthethweni lesigwebo kunye nezenzo abantu nxaxheba kwimeko, kwaye yindlela elawula ubudlelwane phakathi kwamaqela.

Iintlobo amaxesha ekuxoxweni kwamatyala embambano

Isethi-magama yenkqubo kwinkqubo yoluntu nabanako ukwahlulelana ngayo ukuxhomekeka:

• emthonjeni yesicelo: kuloo magama, apho ekubhekiselelwe ngqo kuwiso-mthetho, nabo abo onyule ilungu lenkundla ngokwalo;
• amaqela izifundo apho ezijonge: zentendelezo kunye nenkqubo yenkundla, abo ababandakanyeka etyaleni nokukhusela amalungelo abo luluvo kunye nabo abagunye abadlali okusesikweni; (iingcali, abaguquleli njalo njalo.)
• indlela yobalo: Umhla oluthile, isiganeko, okanye ixesha elithile.

Umzekelo kwekota, otyunjwe yinkundla, ukuze zamkelwe kangangexesha elithile ukuze basebenze ukulungisa zintswelo kwingxelo sebango; Umthetho - ixesha umngeni isigqibo umzekelo yokuqala.

Kuba abantu abachaphazelekayo mzekelo, umthetho echazwe nemihla emiselweyo lokufaka izikhalazo isigqibo umzekelo yokuqala. Kuba nxaxheba kwiinkqubo - ixesha loviwo, ukufikelela kwizigqibo.

Umhla ikhalenda obububo kubalwa ixesha ezifana iintsuku ezintlanu ukuvelisa izisombululo kunye eneenkcukacha ngokuqiqa inxalenye (Art. 199 we-LC RF). Makuboniswe isiganeko - livalwe ixesha lokufaka ingxelo counter sebango (kwiSiqendu 137 soMgaqo-Code lezeMisebenzi.).

inkqubo theory iyahlula imihla ngenkqubo zoomabhalana efanelekileyo.

Ukubalwa ebekiweyo yenkqubo ekuxoxweni kwamatyala embambano

Ngokutsho nemimiselo CPC RF ixesha zenkqubo imida zibalwa kwikhalenda iintsuku, iinyanga neminyaka. Ngamaxesha iqala neentsuku koko kuvela kule mihla okanye ziganeko, kwaye isiphelo amaxesha ekuxoxweni kwamatyala embambano kwenzekayo ngomhla wokugqibela. Ukucutha umhla ikhalenda nje kuphela ngenxa yokuba, eneneni, ubomi kulawulwa ishedyuli yomsebenzi lentendelezo. Loo asisebenzi kwiimeko apho uxwebhu ithunyelwa ngeposi - ukwenza lokuhamba lonke iiyure 24 akayi ngaphaya ixesha olinikiweyo.

ebekiweyo ezingummiselo ekuxoxweni kwamatyala embambano, ibalwe iminyaka ikhalenda eziphela elichazwe ngumthetho okanye yinkundla ngosuku oluthile enyangeni. nokuphuma elide zeNkqubo rhoqo, kuquka veki ngaye. Ukuba ekupheleni kwexesha iwela eholideyini imini ikhalenda mveliso, oko iphela phezu olulandelayo. Umthetho uxoxe nabo usebenza ekuqaleni kwexesha, ukuba, umzekelo, isigqibo waqiqa kwenziwa ngoLwesihlanu, umhla we ixesha yenyanga ukuba isibheno suku lungoMgqibelo.

ebekiweyo ezingummiselo ekuxoxweni kwamatyala embambano: ingxaki nengqiqo

Ingcamango isigqibo sengqiqweni gama livela kwi khowudi kuyo yonke indawo. Izazinzulu zithi protsessualistov uhlobo ezigwebayo yale nkqubo, apho ukungaqiniseki nefuthe elibi ngemisebenzi yomthetho enforcer, simenza ezahlukahlukeneyo iinguqulelo.

practice International ekumiseleni nengqiqo kuthathela ingqalelo inani le migaqo: yobumbaxa kunye nokubaluleka kunjalo, uhlobo yezenzo CCMA. In Art. 6.1 Code of Civil yeNkqubo Russian Federation wabhekisela izikhokelo ezifana iimeko ezikhoyo ityala, ukusebenza weNkundla, ixesha lilonke kwetyala, njalo njalo. Kwafunyaniswa ukuba kwimeko waphula inkundla ungenakuxhomekeka kubunzima lombutho yomsebenzi wenkundla kunye notshintsho lokuqhubeka nomgwebi. Ukuba ukwamkela ibango iye ingqalelo ixesha elide, abantu ababandakanyekayo kwimeko, ukuze ijongane isicelo ukukhawulezisa ezenziwe eligunya kuSihlalo, leyo Uloqonda kwisithuba seentsuku ezintlanu. Isiphumo sale unyango isenzo egwebayo, ebonisa ixesha intlanganiso olunye amanyathelo lentendelezo.

Utsibo-gama le nkqubo yoluntu: iziphumo

Art. 109 Code of Civil yeNkqubo Russian Federation kugqiba inani iziphumo ezibangelwa kokushiywa igama. Zokuphelelwa kuthetha nakwenzeka nesicelo ilungelo ukwenza iintshukumo yenkqubo. Ukuba isicelo okanye uxwebhu efayilwe enkundleni emva kokuphela kwexesha elimisiweyo, Njengomthetho jikelele oko ayamkelwa ukuba uthathelwe ingqalelo kwaye kufuneka ibuyiselwe kulowo ebefake isicelo.

Ukuba umhla zenkqubo woniwa ngenxa asilotyala eligunya, ayisayi kuba neziphumo ezibi kakhulu amaqela. Kule meko, kufuneka zifayile isikhalazo Ijaji, ngubani na oya ukusombulula imeko kwaye bazobe ijaji elingonanga ukuba ubutyala oluleko. Ngenxa ikukunyasha loo amalungelo zamaqela kunye meko kufuneka isonjululwe yinkundla ephakamileyo.

Imiphumo zokugcina ezilahlekileyo isicelo hayi inxaxheba kulingo abantu omalungelo phula umgwebo.

izizathu ezilungileyo kancinci lo gama ekuxoxweni kwamatyala embambano

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba CCP ithi malunga namathuba sokubuyisa ixesha ekuphulukenwe nalo ngenxa yezizathu ezivakalayo, ingqiqo khowudi olusana. Noko ke, le bombutho Russian ngomgwebo ka 11.12.2012 inombolo 29 wachaza ukuba njengoko imeko inganjalo, lubonisa ithuba sokubuyisa ixesha ekuphulukenwe, ingaqatshelwa nesimo sempilo yakhe, ubukho imiqobo, nto leyo elizimeleyo amaqela.

Xa isigqibo phezu ithuba sokubuyisa ixesha ekuphulukenwe, inkundla kwakhona bakhokelwe ngobugcisa. 112 Code of Civil yeNkqubo Russian Federation, leyo kunye nesifo kakhulu kwiqela iimeko fanerile ziquka karhulumente athalala (ifuthe amayeza iziyobisi), iimeko usapho (ukunyamekela abo ogula esibathandayo, ukufa kwelungu losapho). Of the Code Civil libhekisela izizathu ezivakalayo nokungafundi yomfaki-sicelo, okt. E. Its ukungakwazi ukwenza ingxelo ngokwabo. Inkundla nako kwinkonzo akhawunti emkhosini.

Semkhosini kwakhona acaciswa ekugwebeni yayo 19.06.2012 nombolo 13, ukuba ixesha lingafunyanwa ukuba inkundla ayiyithobeli kweentsuku ezintlanu-kulungiselelwa umxube kwifomu yalo yokugqibela okanye nexesha ukuthumela iikopi izenzo enkundla aye anyhashwa, ekhokelela nakwenzeka ekwenzeni isibheno.

Ukubuyiselwa ebekiweyo yenkqubo ekuxoxweni kwamatyala embambano: umyalelo

Isicelo ukubuyisela ebekiweyo zenkqubo ekuxoxweni kwamatyala embambano onyamekela kunye uxwebhu olufunekayo ukwenza intshukumo, kwigunya lezobulungisa, eya kuqwalaselwa ityala phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo (umzekelo, xa yokutsiba ixesha yezibheno yohlaziyo kwiNkundla umthetho kaMantyi yezomthetho - Court District ngokusebenzisa umzekelo wokuqala). Ukungabikho abantu ngokufanelekileyo kwaziswa intlanganiso ethe yabanjwa, aludibanisi umqobo ukuqwalaselwa kwexesha lokubuyiselwa. In Art. 112 Code of Civil yeNkqubo Russian Federation yafumanisa ukuba iimeko fanerile kufuneka kuthi zingadlulanga iinyanga ezili-12 emva kokuba kufike isigqibo senkundla saba sisinyanzeliso.

Umthetho akukhethi ithuba lokubhena ukwalela nesicelo isiqabu ngohlobo isikhalazo labucala.

Ukophulwa igama ziinkundla ekuxoxweni kwamatyala embambano: lo mkhuba

Ukuphunyezwa inkqubo yoluntu kuthethe kuphela ilungelo kodwa intshukumo ixesha ebotshiwe efanelekileyo ukukhusela amalungelo nenkululeko abemi. Ngummeli wowona ulungileyo wemisebenzi inkqubo yenkundla kulo mzekelo lisebenza njengoko inkundla ngokwayo. Noko ke, xa kusenziwa kubonakala ukuba iinkundla badla musa athobele iimfuno mthetho nakwikota yenkqubo kwimeko neekqubo zenkundla yoluntu ebandakanya ezininzi neziphumo ezibi kubo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba bayo. ukunyhashwa Ezo yi umzimba karhulumente kwakhona kwenzeka kwiindawo zokugcina yenkqubo. Umzekelo, ukuba ufumene ibango ixesha elide akujongwa okanye akwenziwa ngexesha ngesigqibo ifomu yayo uyokugqibela, ngokuqhelekileyo "iimpazamo" ezinjalo iijaji hlamusela umthwalo eliphezulu matshini.

Iinketho ukuze siphelise ubulungisa kubagwebi azikho kakhulu - ukurhoxiswa okanye ukurhoxiswa ngesigqibo (kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ubomi akukho kukwaphula amabala ngokupheleleyo). Lo mthetho unika uxanduva zoluleko, kodwa ukutsala usompempe nzima kuye.

Ukulibaziseka ixesha kwi kwetyala phambi kokwenza ibango ukuya kwimveliso

Ulwandiso atshabhisayo iinkqubo iqela ngokuqhelekileyo banomdla, nto leyo uzama ziphepha imbopheleleko, oko kukuthi ummangalelwa. Kodwa kwezinye iimeko uyalibazisa izinto ezinomdla kunye nommangali, umzekelo, ukuba iimfuno yokuphelisa ulwalamano ngokwesivumelwano ukuthenga nokuthengisa kunye umthengi elivelayo isohlwayo ethe usuku ngalunye ukuzalisekisa imbopheleleko. Indlela yonke yokulibazisa ixesha, hayi kuphela ummangali kwezinto sifayilishe isimangalo emva kwexesha (kakuhle emva kokuphela kwexesha le ingqalelo yebango), kodwa hayi ukunika inkundla amanye amaxwebhu, ngokunxulumene apho isicelo ibuyiswa ukuba uhlaziyo.

Ukuxhatshazwa amalungelo yenkqubo yokulibazisa xesha lokulinga

Emva zokwamkelwa yebango evela amaqela kwakhona eziliqela ngeendlela sinqumo inkqubo. A ukusilela single ukuvela ezindlebeni ngaphandle nayiphi na ingcaciso inkundla inyanzela umsebenzi inkqubo nokufumba, ingakumbi xa ngomhla wentlanganiso we izixhobo zange kufumana isaziso ileta irisithi okanye inkonzo eyenziwa ukubuyiswa emvulophini. Kwimeko xa nokufumba ukwenzeka ngaphezulu nakanye, Ezecala lesibini kufanele sibonakalise ukuba ukumelana: ingaqhuba isaziso ithelegram, uze ufake isicelo eya esibhedlele okanye kwiziko ukungqinisisa ubunyaniso izatifikethi.

Ukunyhashwa kwamalungelo yenkqubo kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuqinisekisa kwinkundla imfuneko Kuvavanyo ubungqina, ngoko ke ntlanganiso iya elinye ukuya ngemibuzo. Unga kwakhona isenokuyilibazisa inkqubo ngokufaka ibango.

Imbuyekezo for ukulibaziseka ekuxoxweni kwamatyala embambano

Ukungqinelana neemfuno izenzo zamazwe ngamazwe yamkelwa eRashiya Inombolo 30.04.2010 68-FZ, nokuqinisa ukhuseleko iimfuno zamaqela kwaye inika ithuba lokufumana imbuyekezo ngenxa ukuhlukunyezwa kwethuba elifanelekileyo kwimveliso. Ngokutsho ingcaciso evela Russian Armed Forces Ndiwise umthetho ka 29/3/2016 nombolo 11 isicelo aza kubonelelwa ngalo enkundleni leyo wenza isigqibo ngaphandle kwexesha enkundleni, apho amandla ku ingqalelo.

Ngoko ke, lo gama zenkqubo kwiingxoxo waseburhulumenteni isithuba kuphela ixesha lokuzaliseka izenzo ezithile ngumthetho, kodwa yindlela elawula ukuziphatha nxaxheba kwetyala.