Dzhon Konstebl: ubomi kunye nemizobo ngcungela landscape IsiNgesi

Okumiselwe kulo mculi emangalisayo. Ngexesha lokudla kwakhe akazange ukuphumeza ukuqondwa nilufanele kwilizwe, yaye ngoku Dzhon Konstebl - enye landscape kakhulu oyintanda kunye abaziwayo yaseBritani. Eastern Suffolk, ogama iimbono zibe isiqulatho engundoqo ngemizobo yakhe ubize uConstable Country - Land uConstable.

unyana zokugaya

Juni 11, 1776 emzantsi-mpuma eNgilani, e-East Bergholte, entsatsheni, umnini umgubo eziliqela, indawo awazalelwa kuyo wayeyimvumi le IsiNgesi nenkangeleko Dzhon Konstebl. Ibali lobomi bakhe zizele inkcaso iimeko zobomi. Ukususela ebuntwaneni, kukuchitha ayithandayo wayehamba emhlabeni ebumelwaneni kunye album, apho wazama ukuba baveze uhlobo ejikelezileyo, kodwa uyise babecinga ukuba uJohn uza kuqhubeka ishishini losapho. Akazange nangoko ukuqonda isigqibo sakhe ukuya Royal Academy of Arts Fine nikela ukungathembeki wobugcisa mculi. Uninzi loqeqesho ixesha akhademi ayichitha umsebenzi ezimeleyo isifundo endalo kunye nemisebenzi yeenkosi elidlulileyo. Baphenjelelwa umsebenzi uClaude Lorrain, Rubens, Yakoba Van Ruisdael, Annibale Karrachi, izibongo craze kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni Dzhon Konstebl iphuhlise ngendlela ekhethekileyo umfanekiso endalo, ezele kwezibongo romanticism.

Ukuvuselelwa uhlobo

Dutch ngekhulu landscape XVII - ixesha kobuqaqawuli ngokufutshane olu hlobo ngemizobo. Zabantu Imizobo zembali kunye nemixholo nangqondo aba iintlobo eziphambili kwamagcisa kunye noluntu ngelo xesha. Dzhon Konstebl, kuboniswe ubume bakhe eziqhelekileyo ezisemaphandleni ezidume IsiNgesi ogama imisebenzi, kunye Turner kunye nezinye iinkosi obengasemva nokuvuselelwa umdla landscape.
Wazama ukupeyinta zabantu ngenkolo ukwenzela ukuphucula imeko yemali, kodwa akazange afike impumelelo. Yaba namathafa zakhe ngokupheleleyo kwicandelo ekhethekileyo ngokweemvakalelo, liye laba isiqulatho engundoqo yomsebenzi wakhe, kudala linanzwe kwilizwe lakhe. Abahlalutyi qaphela isidima eliphezulu imizobo, apho ababonise amaxesha ezahlukeneyo Dzhon Konstebl: "umhlaba olimekayo" (1826), "White Horse" (1819), "View of eSalisbury" (1831). Kodwa abazange ukwamkela brushwork yakhe engaqhelekanga evakalala "bathobekileyo" Umxholo inkoliso yemisebenzi yakhe.

indlela ezintsha

indlela wizard Creative ngaphambi kwexesha. Nguye lo okokuqala elininzi ixesha ukusebenza emoyeni evulekileyo, iliso endalo kunye khangela imixube umbala sokunene. imizobo yakhe landulelwe yiloo ukubhalwa mizobo kwi studio, abaninzi baqonde amava yokuqala yokudweba oyile phandle. ingqalelo yakhe imeko zezulu kunye namafu wazala umlinganiswa kokuma zemozulu. imizobo ngokupheleleyo amaninzi yena wahamba yeembali iimeko zemozulu, iimpawu ophathekayo apha emoyeni. Kwanika iziphumo emangalisayo. Zonke landscapes Dzhon Konstebl isebenzisa isibhakabhaka kungekhona imvelaphi cala, kwakunye njengendlela enamandla ngeempembelelo ngokweemvakalelo, okuchithwa onomtsalane mfanekiso.

Kwaba engaqhelekanga kunye nokupeyinta buciko. Ukubangela isiqabu imivimbo emibalabala kwi engile ezahlukeneyo, abe ukufezekisile nemiphumo ibonwe unangoku. Amandla owazala ngendlela uya kusetyenziswa isizukulwana esizayo amagcisa, owokuqala apho aya kuba Impressionists. Kwaye ngoko Dzhon Konstebl imizobo apho abahlalutyi ekuthiwa engagqitywanga, watyholwa yokungakhathali ukungafaneleki.

Paris udumo

Kodwa imisebenzi yakhe impendulo efanelekileyo evela bexesha lakhe. Ngowe-1824, 4 imizobo Constable zaye oluboniswe eParis Salon, enye yazo "I Hay Wain". Indawo uhlobo encinane yasemaphandleni nje inxalenye indawo, ngokoqobo enomtsalane neemvakalelo kakhulu. Le ngelaphu iyayithanda inkosi enkulu French romance: Teodor Zheriko kunye Ezhen Delakrua. Isakhono eliNgesi iye yaba nempembelelo enamandla zobuciko zabo, ubuchule bakhe baye basebenzisa emsebenzini wabo. Phoyisa akwazi ukuthengisa eFransi, malunga amabini ngemizobo yakhe.

idrama Personal

Kodwa eyona nto iphambili ukuba inkosi ingqalelo ekhaya. Ingeniso ngcono emva ilifa lakhe, kodwa yena akazange kakhulu izinzile. Waye ingqalelo iqela anisizakali kuko Maria Bicknell, awammisayo ukuba yaziwe obathandayo ukususela ebuntwaneni. Against umtshato naye, ekwagqitywa ngayo ngo-1816, ekhalazela zonke izalamane zakhe.

xesha Light kubomi bentsapho uConstable lonakaliswe ngenxa yempilo enkenenkene umkakhe amthandayo. Ukususela kokufa Mary (1828), waba bangaze phofu babe nako kwakhona de isiphelo sobomi balila. Umlinganiswa obukhulu efumaneke abaninzi ngemizobo yakhe wadala kwixesha lokugqibela ebomini. Dzhon Konstebl wafa ngo-1837 waza wangcwatywa ecaleni kuMariya.

Okwakufudula inkosi

Ngeendlela ezininzi, uConstable yaba ngumsunguli. Waye ngokuchasene inkolelo owayephila ukuba kweso nto iphambili - lengqondo. Ukuchaneka kwayo ngomfanekiso ngemvelo, apho lula ukubona uhlobo lomthi okanye izityalo, ukusetyenziswa nimana zemozulu ukuba umboniso elungeleleneyo iimeko zemozulu kumenza umntu yiEnlightenment, phambili kunye nokuqaliswa kwenkqubo yezoshishino. Ukukhetha le mxholo uphambili ngenxa imizobo, kakhulu, uthetha sinobomi obutsha. Umzobi yokuqala ukuvela, evakalisa ixabiso ngendalo, nto leyo ubethwa abantu. Esi sihloko liya lisiba ngakumbi achaphazela uphuhliso lwedolophu, kunye nokwanda amandla kwabantu.

iindlela Reform kisa elimiweyo ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIX kukhokelele ukuvela buciko elitsha Impressionists. Abaninzi kubo ebizwa phakathi ababengaphambi kwakhe ngqo kunye Dzhona Konstebla.