Day of lenqaba Literature neNkcubeko: History

Xa kwimbali zonke iintlanga apho yayiba epochal ukuba umgca obomvu eyahlula ixesha, engumqondiso utshintsho kunye uhlaziyo. Okokuqala kokuba edibene ubuzwe, nto leyo kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi ezopolitiko ngentla nobutyebi. Kakade ke, kangangexesha elide, ngokomoya nenzululwazi hamba isandla ngesandla, inxaxheba kwezemfundo, ukugcinwa lwamaxabiso kunye neenkcukacha zembali. Kungenxa yoko le nto abaninzi abanegama zamaXesha Aphakathi wajika waya abefundisi. Bona babeneengqondo eziphangaleleyo, ukuba uqhelene zonke zenzululwazi, wayesazi ulwimi geography, wabonakala phambi kweenjongo iphezulu yokuziphatha nemfundo. Aba bantu, ukuba ukutshintsha indlela yembali yaye wenza igalelo ibonwe - ubunzima yayo ngegolide. Kungenxa yoko le nto imbeko wakubo kusekho mibhiyozo, kunye umzekelo ocacileyo le - le holide "Imini Slavic Ukubhala neNkcubeko."

prehistory

Le holide yavela kwimemori abazalwana ababini ezibizwa baseTesalonika. KIRILL I Mefody baba amaByzantine, igama elipheleleyo mzi - indawo yokuzalwa yabo - Thessaloniki. Beza kwintsapho entle, kwaye ngokugqibeleleyo kakuhle isiGrike. Ezinye yemihla zibonisa ukuba kule ndawo sele eyabiwa lwesigodi lwasekuhlaleni, nto leyo iba lenqaba, Noko ke, ubungqina obuziimpepha lwe ubukho ulwimi lwesibini nakozalelwe kulo abazalwana bafumana. mbali abaninzi bathi imvelaphi yazo Bulgarian, ebhekisela eziliqela kwimithombo, kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba amaGrike ngokuzalwa. Phambi izifungo Constantine uCyril babenxiba igama. Methodius waba omdala phakathi kwabazalwana entsatsheni owokuqala umhlala-phantsi ukuya eMonastri. UConstantine wafumana imfundo yekhethelo, bafanelwe imbeko nentlonipho kokusingqongileyo yenzululwazi. Emva kuthotho lweziganeko, waya umzalwana wakhe woonongendi kunye nabafundi bakhe kunye noogxa. Kwaba kukhona ke waqalisa umsebenzi omkhulu, wazukisa kubo.

Okwakufudula abazalwana

Imbali yetheko kulwimi olubhaliweyo Slavic lisukela emva ngeziganeko BC 9. e. Ukususela uCyril nezifungo woonongendi, umsebenzi waqalisa kuphuhliso lwe-alfabhethi Cyrillic. Ngoko ke ngoku kuthiwa njengomnye nobumba yokuqala ka-Old Church Slavonic. Primary igama lakhe - "Glagolitic". Kukholelwa ukuba ingcamango yokuba indalo yayo kwavela kunyaka 856. Umfutho icebo yabo umsebenzi wobuvangeli kunye ubuKristu eshumayela. Beka ababusi kunye vange baphathwa ngaloo mihla eConstantinople, becela ukuba ubanike kunye nemithandazo kunye iingoma ngolwimi lwabo lweenkobe. inkqubo Glagolitic wavumela uCyril Methodius liguqulelwe inani leencwadi ulwimi Slavic Church kwaye ngokwenjenjalo avule indlela eya ubuKristu eMpuma.

izinqumo zenkolo

Kodwa ngaphakathi sikhokelo imbali yokubhiyozela Slavonic Literature neNkcubeko ongadibenanga kuphela oonobumba, kodwa nomphefumlo abazalwana uCyril Methodius. Baye lamiselwa nje abangcwele kwaye iziqu eMpuma kunye West. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba kulo umyalelo yabefundisi amagama abo - Methodius, uze emva koko KIRILL. Mhlawumbi lo uthetha onesikhundla esiphezulu umzalwana wakhe omkhulu, ngubani lubhiyozelwa ngokwahlukileyo, nangona iminikelo zophando ezibalulekileyo ngakumbi umzalwana wakhe. Kwi icon basoloko ziboniswa kunye, abangcwele awongwa kwinkulungwane 9 kwexesha.

Imvelaphi lomkhosi

Ukuhlola umsebenzi bazalwana, i Bulgarians, ngubani na nokuxubana basondeleyo, siye sagqiba ukuphawula siganeko. Ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-11, njengoko ingxelo yi kweminye imithombo, kwakukho ibandla umhla esemthethweni mbhiyozo. Umhla wabekwa 11 Meyi. Kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi mhla memory abangcwele, yaye kamva, xa abenzi bemilingo yenzululwazi kunye nemfundo, lo mcimbi yaba nokubhiyozela Slavic Literature. Yaba abantu Bulgarian yaba umqalisi yale mibhiyozo kunye lingumgcini eli siko. Abantu libhongo uCyril Methodius ngokuba yiEnlightenment, darivshimi ihlabathi Slavic ithuba self-determination nokuzimela wesizwe, kubandakanywa umgca ibandla. Lo mhla iye yaba ngundoqo kubomi benkcubeko kokomoya ezizweni Balkan.

19 leminyaka

Kuninzi kuye kwatshintsha ngasekupheleni 18 - ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19: zokuhlaziywa kolwabiwo zentsulungeko, kwiindlela zokucinga inkqubela ekuqaleni. Yaba ngeli thuba yokubhiyozela Slavonic Literature wafumana ubomi obutsha. Qala kwakhona waqala eBulgaria, apho imibhiyozo mass ziye zabanjwa ngowe-1857. Kuba engafuni ukuba kuqhathaniswa kwangabanye nokuxubana nokukhumbula ezinye ngamandla kuphuhliso Ezolimi, uncwadi kunye nenzululwazi usinike uphuhliso lwe-alfabhethi, urhulumente Russian lenze amalungiselelo lo mbhiyozo, kodwa ngo-1863. Phezu kwetrone ngelo xesha Alexander ||, kwaye umbuzo kwi-ajenda - kwimvukelo Polish. Noko ke, kulo nyaka wakhupha ummiselo ekubhiyozeleni memory imini uCyril Methodius, Meyi 11 (style endala), loo mhla wakhethwa yi-Sinodi oyiNgcwele. Ngowe-1863 kwenzeka ekubhiyozeleni isikhumbuzo Lweminyaka komhla ezilindeleke nokudalwa Old Slavonic alphabet.

xesha sobomi

Phezu kwako intlonipho olulinganayo oyingcwele abapostile, yaye uvavanyo yegalelo labo ngohlobo iinguqulelo iincwadi zonqulo, umhla ekhumbulekayo, abhalwe kwi khalenda karhulumente, phakathi kwexesha elide eyayibonakala nganto. Oku kungenzeka ukuba ezinxulumene kunye nophuhliso mbuso, kombuso d'AFP, nokumkhanyela izimiso ibandla, neemfazwe, indudumo kulo lonke Eurasia. Kwakhona holide ka Slavonic Literature uye waphila eRashiya ngowe-1985. Esi siganeko senzeke e Murmansk, enkosi umbhali, ngokuphindaphindiweyo imbasa Prize State - Maslov Vitaly Semenovich. Yaba nguye owaba esebenzayo ukuvuselelwa umdla kulo mthendeleko; kwakhona iphulo wakhe lesikhumbuzo uCyril NoMethodius e Murmansk. Inzala yoluntu eshushu, wakhulela ngokwesithethe kudala ngokusemthethweni.

Usuku National

umbhiyozo Official zokwamkelwa ajenda uCyril Methodius iwela ngoJanuwari 30, 1991. Isigqibo esenziwa nguMongameli we-Russian Federation. Esi sisihlandlo sokuqala kwaye kuphela yayo uhlobo iholide kawonke-zonqulo. Lo mhla wakhethwa ngoMeyi 24, May 11, i-analogue we isimbo esitsha. Ukususela ngoko loo mbhiyozo wathabatha indawo kwesinye sezixeko, ngokunjalo kwisithuba ukususela ngowe-1991 ukuya ku-2000, kwaqala mcimbi Moscow, Vladimir, Belgorod, Kostroma, Orel, Yaroslavl, Pskov, Ryazan. Kamva ezazisetyenziswa kwaye kude ukusuka dolophu - naseNovosibirsk, Khanty-Mansiysk. Ukususela ngo-2010, lo ummiselo ka Mongameli D. A. Medvedeva iziko iziganeko inkcubeko kunye neyenkolo kwahlelwa eMoscow.

yemibhiyozo yonqulo

Holiday History of Slavic Literature neNkcubeko .Ukwenza iziganeko ibandla ozinikezele titsh uCyril Methodius. Ngokuqhelekileyo, eyona ndawo ibalulekileyo ngamaxesha iziganeko ezibalulekileyo zokomoya waba uKristu uMsindisi Cathedral, leyo uqhuba inkonzo, uMphathi eMoscow All Russia. imibhiyozo Traditional zibandakanya kusasa nje inkonzo engcwele. Kamva, lo solusapho abantetho, ubhekisela ibandla, ngokomoya kunye namaqela karhulumente. Iindonga abazalwana itempile ebizwa ngokuba 'ootitshala nokuxubana. " Kuqala kwinto zonke, utsho orientation emfundo abangcwele, ukuba bazisa abantu ilizwi, inkcubeko, ulwimi, sikhokelwa imithetho kaThixo kunye nezithethe yokuziphatha. Ingcamango yemfundo evakalayo kwi icawa ukukhutshwa ukukhanya, esalatha ukuba umntu indlela eya ekukhanyeni, yaye ngaloo ndlela kuThixo. Okwangoku ibandla eli inxaxheba kubomi beli lizwe, ukuphendula kwiingxaki zezopolitiko kunye nobunzima yobomi amarhamente. Oku kwenza nje kuphela ukulahla emhlabeni, utyelela ezinkonzweni, kodwa kwangaxeshanye bafunde ukuma webandla imibuzo esisiseko wobomi sokumiswa. Emva kokuba inxalenye esemthethweni iindonga yecawa yenziwa umngcelele ukuya lesikhumbuzo uCyril NoMethodius. Le ise kumbindi eMoscow, ngomhla Slavyanskaya Square. Kukho lwenziwa ngomthandazo, uze emva koko babelwa nezidanga.

imibhiyozo mass

Kunye ibandla, Imeko iholide "Imini Slavic Literature neNkcubeko" kwi ukubonakaliswa ngobuninzi alunto yanto kangako. Ukususela kulo mhla urhulumente, imibutho yoluntu ukubamba iikonsathi, imiboniso, iintetho, ukufunda, ukhuphiswano kunye nezinye iziganeko. iziko iziganeko uba Red Square, ukuba ikonsathi enkulu-isikali eyayibanjelwe apho luvula emva kwemini kunye neentetho zaseburhulumenteni, kwaye ihlala ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo. Eqongeni athathelwa indawo soloists kunye namaqela, ukuyila imeko-bume festive ezitalatweni. Umda kweziganeko kubonisa maka - lelona iikwayara inkulu, symphony okhestra, orchestra izixhobo zomculo womthonyama. Abadlali nababhexeshi uzive ehloniphekile ukuthetha kweli nqanaba. Le yekonsathi yasasazwa iindlela zoluntu. Ngaphandle kwesihloko kwakhona iphatha lo mbhiyozo swi kwindawo esembindini, kufutshane ezikhumbuzo, kwiipaki, kumathala eencwadi. Inika omnye script yokubhiyozela Slavonic Literature, olawula i parameters eziphambili mibhiyozo.

nokuphuhliswa kwenkcubeko

Cyril noSuku Methodius idlala indima ebalulekileyo kubomi benkcubeko lizwe. Uxhokonxa abaselula banomdla Ezolimi, uncwadi, imbali, wazisa isizukulwana abadala kunye neempawu ezisemhlabeni ezinembali. kanye imbali yale holide "Day of Slavic Literature," uthi injongo yayo ebalulekileyo - imfundo. iintetho zoluntu, iisemina, ufundo - ezo zinto ukuba balazi iindwendwe kunye nezinto ezintsha, iinguqulelo ezinkulu inyaniso yembali, imisebenzi emitsha ngoncwadi journalistic.

iholide Geography

Day, uncwadi kunye nenkcubeko - Lilungelo leSebe kuphela Russia. Lo mthendeleko idume geography enkulu, ebandakanya amazwe zehlabathi Slavic. Kakade ke, oko lubhiyozelwa eBulgaria, umdla, oko karhulumente kwi-Czech Republic Macedonia. ESoviet Union, uhlala enye oyithandayo. Ukubhiyozela yezikwere mzi, iicawa, iilayibrari, izikolo ziyabanjwa emizini Moldova, Transdniestria, eUkraine, Belarus. Ngokwemveli lo mhla ekulungiseleleni iiforam, iintlanganiso, ukufunda evulekileyo, upapasho monographs kunye nezincoko zembali. Ukuze diversify okuqulethwe imisebenzi ukuya kumhla ukubhiyozela izikhumbuzo enxulumene ababhali lokukhumbula ukufa ngabefundisi okanye uphawu zembali.

Indlela ukuchitha suku?

Amaziko amaninzi pre-school kwezemfundo, amaziko enkcubeko kunye nemibutho yoluntu ngendlela yabo babhiyozele Slavic Ukubhala neNkcubeko. Imeko zinokuba nomahluko. Umntu ukhetha ukuqhuba unyuso-ngxowa, umntu igxininisa nokubhala kweelwimi kunye, umntu ukhetha iikonsathi kunye nemiboniso. Kakade ke, umxholo womanyano lwesizwe, ukukhula ngokomoya, ubutyebi kunye nexabiso kolwimi lwenkobe usesikhundleni phambili. Xa belungiselela holiday ka Slavic Literature neNkcubeko, i-script ithatha indawo ephambili njengoko ngokweentswelo walo samaxesha esicacileyo ishedyuli ngokweyure.

Monument uCyril NoMethodius abasemizini ezininzi eRashiya nakwamanye amazwe. Igalelo abangcwele, baye banikwa abantu Slavic isitshixo kuphuhliso inzululwazi Ezolimi, kunzima ukuba zazi. Day of lenqaba ezibhaliweyo Ulwimi - enye ziganeko zibalulekileyo ebomini lizwe kunye nabantu Slavic.