Ubugcisa isimbo kwimizobo 17 of Europe -. 19 eminyaka, lo msebenzi osemqoka eyona ibaluleke ngakumbi kuzo kwaba isibheno nenzulu zobugcisa bamandulo njengomgangatho ofanelekileyo, - classicism. Xa mfanekiso kwi imikrolo, ukwakha kunye nezinye iintlobo ingqondo yemveli, siqhubeke isithethe Renaissance - inkolelo kumandla ingqondo yomntu, ahlonipha iminqweno umlinganiselo nemvisiswano yehlabathi lamandulo.
Imizila classicism uvele Italy ngenkulungwane ye-16 emva kwexesha. Indlela yaseYurophu pan-waqala ukuthatha imilo esifubeni inkcubeko wobugcisa ka- France. nexabiso lobuhle eli xesha sele labuna, kumi. ukubaluleka enkulu iqhotyoshelwe umsebenzi kwezemfundo nakwezentlalo zobugcisa. Ngoko classicism ku peyinta kuzisa imigangatho yakutshanje ethical esakha imifanekiso amaqhawe akhe aphezulu; ngaphantsi kwezinga jikelele, unqwenela - ingqondo, ityala, umdla ephakamileyo yemithetho karhulumente iphela, uxhathiso ezenzeka ebomini kunye inkohlakalo isiphelo. Ukuqhelaniswa imifanekiso nohlala isiqalo elaneleyo ukuchaza ulawulo kwemithetho obugcisa, iimfuneko zomthetho ze nobuhle yamandulo, nezikhundla engqongqo ngeentlobo ezikhoyo - ukusuka 'phantsi' (ifoto, landscape, kusekho ubomi) ukuba "high" (wasentsomini, yembali, unqulo). Wonke uhlobo abeke phambili imida substantive engqongqo kunye, imiqondiso esesikweni ecacileyo.
I classicism yokuqala kwimizobo iye wangena Frenchman N. Poussin, yaye nguye umsunguli wayo. Lo msebenzi wobuciko - "Ukufa Germanicus," "Rinaldo and Armida", "Arcadian Abelusi", "Uyifumene kaMoses", njl Bonke ziphawulwe ukubumbana zesingqisho umbala kunye nesakhiwo, isiqulatho yokuziphatha bulumko inkangala.
Classicism ku peyinta Russian wavakalisa ukuba uyakholiswa ubuhle ngamnye, unique, engaqhelekanga. Ukuphunyelelwa eliphezulu eli xesha asingomba isifundo imbali in ukupeyinta, kunye portrait (A.Antropov, A.Agrunov, F.Rokotov, D.Levitsky, V.Borovikovsky, Kiprensky). classicism Russian xa vutshila ngenkulungwane ye-19, liyazingca indawo, kuba iye Umqala wamantla ayo kunye neempawu. Kiprensky, umzekelo, wafumanisa kuphela ezintsha iimpawu zomntu, kodwa amathuba ezintsha yokudweba. Zonke portraits zakhe ezahlukeneyo: nganye inayo inkqubo yayo yoqobo kufanekisela. Ezinye nakhelwe phezu umahluko entle ithunzi kunye nokukhanya. Ngamanye ibonisa ezinye ezifihlakeleyo of efanayo imibala, vala.
classicism Russian kwimizobo enxulumene mfuneko imizobo nanto Bryullov. Bona ahlukaniswa ingxubevange classicism zemfundo kunye romanticism, imixholo ubutsha, uhlobo wokubonelwa omangalisayo zeplastiki kunye nezibane, ukuntsonkotha nokwakheka. A. ivanov wakwazi ukoyisa ezininzi iindlela ezihamba ubuchule zemfundo wamnika umsebenzi wakhe umlinganiswa izigwebo wombingelelo izimvo.
Classicism ku peyinta Russian iyakhuthazwa abaculi abaziwayo ezifana iikulya Repin, I.Surikov, V. Serov, I.Shishkin, A.Savrasov, Levitan. ngabanye ukuba Bonke wenze iqashiso ubugcisa belizwe lakhe, yaye kunye - inkcubeko yehlabathi lonke.