Champagne (iwayini). Champagne and ekhanya iwayini

Champagne wayini - an nasiselo sinxilisayo, kuba ngaphandle kobunyulu akukho kweendleko, akukho isidlo ezukileyo, ukususela kumbhiyozo lomtshato kunye nesiphelo kunye loNyaka oMtsha. incasa yaphezulu hhayi isongo sakhe nanto ujikajikana iintloko kumanenekazi ezintle onke amazwe. Noko ke, abantu abathanda ukuba simunce champagne mboniso iwayini eyinxulumanisa obutofotofo nobutyebi, kwaye okona kubalulekileyo - iholide.

Loluphi uhlobo ethululwayo - champagne, ixabiso owawufikelela ukuya eerandi 17.625 ibhotile nganye? Makhe sifunde eli hlabathi edumileyo utywala yonke into - kwimbali kunye nesiphelo kunye noluhlu esiXhoseni.

Neengcibi evela kwiphondo

Imbali yale isiselo ekhethekileyo malunga nowama-350 eyadlulayo, kummandla Champagne, nto leyo imi kumntla-mpuma France. Ilizwe ochumileyo kwindawo kulinywa iidiliya, obehamba hayi kuphela ngaphandle kodwa imiphanda oki ajike abe iwayini elimnandi. Okokuqala, bewayini e Champagne iveliswa sewayini kuphela ebomvu, ngoyaba ngokupheleleyo pink namhlophe.

Iwayini iimpawu

A phawu olulodwa yewayini ebomvu evela izidiliya ka-Champagne yaba ukuba ngokuyinqaba ufumana nezihlwahlwazayo kancinci. Amadlu wanika othululwayo incasa ekhethekileyo, ndandifeketha na isongo noxhamla ubuncwane. Noko ke, ngenxa yokuba iwayini yabo wangena nqanaba yokubola zasesekondari, kwaze oko kwakhokelela imiphanda ekwathi kuyo igcinwe, ngokoqobo qwengile umntwanam. Ezinye kwiziphathi zeglasi nako ukugcina imeko - iindonga zabo engomelele uxinzelelo omkhulu onje. igama elithi "umtyholi" for "explosiveness" iwayini yakhe champagne.

Weather-wokona

Bewayini lahlekelwa conjectures malunga isizathu inkqubo ongaziwa kangangokuba wathabatha indawo iimveliso zabo, nize kuphela sigqibo omnye: imozulu unesandla! Inyaniso yokuba imozulu e-Champagne waba ziyatshintsheka kuyi- - iintsuku ezishushu, ngequbuliso wanika indlela ebandayo, imvula nomoya enzima. snap Cold wayeka inkqubo ibile, ngoxa iwayini nangoku akwasala nanye ngokupheleleyo iswekile enegwele. Owayevunyelwe anzongonzongo kabukhali indawo bubushushu, yaye iwayini iqala ukuze ijike kwakhona, yaye nge impindezelo. Ngenxa yoko, i-carbon dioxide yoxinaniso iwayini transmarginal bafikelela eliphezulu, yaye oku kwakhokelela ekubeni ukwanda emgqomeni yaye rasploskivaniyu neziselo anqabileyo.

seal winemaker

indela Ukuba ekufundweni inkqubo zewayini-ukwenza esingenanto Dom Per Perinon, ngubani nje ukulithanda ethululwayo, kodwa ibe winemaker zinetalente taster enkulu, asisoze ndafunda ngoko champagne wayini - bewayini badiniwe kumzabalazo esingenasiphelo nge "uphawu zivutha" le incindi utywala wayeka iimveliso zayo.

Yaba Dom Pérignon wenza igalelo elikhulu ngenzululwazi yemveliso entle champagne yewayini, ukuze bafunde inkqubo lwe alpha kunye ukubila. Ukongeza, waba bewayini bokuqala wenza iwayini emhlophe yeediliya eluhlaza nebomvu, yaye beza bathululele iimveliso zabo ezintsubeni zeglasi, corking kwaye tieing nabo intambo ogalelwe ioli ube mnye. Le ndlela akazange avumele iintsuba ukuba umlilo, kwaye zigcinwa iminyaka eliqela.

okufihliweyo Perignon

Hi ndlela leyi, i Perignon champagne izama abagcina iresiphi sewayini zayo emfihlekweni ingqongqo, kodwa ngoku uyazi yonke mveliso sewayini abengezelayo. Yenzeka njani le nto? Ngokwenene winemaker omkhulu ukuchitheka imbotyi? Makube lee oko!

Isibakala sokuba lonke yaseFransi ukuba ngokoqobo luyixhalabele champagne - yaba ethululwayo oluthandayo bonke abantu angenakufikelela kuyo. Noko ke, akukho namnye yomenzi iwayini nako ukubenza bagqibelele iwayini ehlwahlwazayo - indlela enza Dom Perignon. Man, yeha, awukwazi kuphila ngonaphakade; yaye winemaker odumileyo azaba nakuya kwihlabathi elingcono, eshiya abantu bakhe ngaphandle ayilotyala lakhe. Ngoko ke wacela umhlobo wakhe, i Abbe Zhana Godino, bhala phantsi zonke iinkcukacha zobugcisa mfihlakalo. Emva kokufa M. Perignon Abbe Godinot wapapasha incwadi apho inkqubo yokuvelisa champagne ngokupheleleyo iye ichazwe ngokwenkcukacha, ukuqala lunyulo iidiliya kunye nesiphelo umbono window, ukusuka apho iintsuba ekufuneka zenziwe ukulungiselela ukugcinwa kunye zokuhamba. Ke kwenziwe ukuthanda wokugqibela winemaker abanetalente.

a kwamanye amazwe elikhulu

Emva kwexesha, imveliso champagne iwayini eFransi wanxiba ngomlinganiselo omkhulu, kunye nokulandelwa mabanikele kunye nobuchwepheshe neziselo njengoko kubahloli yasebukhosini elandelayo, ngokusekelwe umgangatho karhulumente ngokukodwa oluqokolelweyo - ndibeke nje, iindwendwe ngelo xesha.

Champagne elafikayo evela eFransi kumazwe ahlukeneyo, kungekudala kakhulu wamthanda kunye lonke Europe. Kwi-Russian uBukhosi ethululwayo magic ngo 1780, enkosi Filippu Kliko - bewayini French, eyayisuka ukuthumela isipho esincinane sokuqokelela uCatherine II kwimo yewayini iqela ababezenzele yona. Grand uKumkanikazi kunye neqembu layo ethandwa kakhulu incasa zisele, yaye kungekudala kwasekwa ubonelelo ngqo champagne ukusuka eFransi eRashiya. Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo iye yaphazamiseka - eFransi, i-revolution yaqala, yaye emva kwayo - imfazwe esingenasiphelo Napoleonic, nokwadala uBukhosi Russian.

Woman champagne

Ukuseka befumana of abengezelayo iwayini eRashiya weza kuphela ngo-1814, yaye akazange enze namnye ngaphandle mhlolokazi edume Filippa Kliko - Barbe-Nikol Kliko-Ponsandren, nto leyo kuphelela 'cofa "emva kokufa komyeni wakhe, ukuthiya ngokutsha ukuvelisa izityalo ngaphezulu kwe-100 lamawaka iibhotile champagne esimnandi kulo nyaka, kwi "Veuve Clicquot".

nkosikazi izama waphila ubomi obude, nikela ityala indoda yakhe kuye. Wajika champagne "nqakraza" kwi othandwa kakhulu, isiselo lenkundla ngokwenene ukuba isithandwa ehlabathini lonke. Urhwebo kunye Russia uye Mam Nicole iingeniso ezinkulu - ngo-1825 kuphela, isiselo Russian 252.452 iibhotile abengezelayo yiwayini! Nam ibhola okanye isiganeko esibalulekileyo okanye iholide omkhulu ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle champagne, nezwi laphalala.

Emva Madame Clicquot phezu izintso kunye nobunini ngokupheleleyo zendlu "Nqakraza" waya ezandleni eyomeleleyo Eduarda Berne. Le winemaker abatsha abanetalente ufanelwe baqhubeka umsebenzi Mam kunye Monsieur, ngubani waseka mveliso adumileyo yehlabathi - Champagne "Clicquot" yaba umgangatho wobunjani, obutofotofo, lobuhle incasa elungileyo kuphela eFransi kodwa kude ngaphaya kwemida yawo.

France e Russia

Famous kule mini "eSoviet" champagne baqalisa ukuvelisa kwi kwizikhewu ezikule Russian kwinkulungwane yama-20, ukuba ngqo - kwi 30. Urhulumente yokumkani umdla loo abenzi champagne Anton Frolov-Bagreeva ndakumbetha ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuseka imveliso yewayini champagne ukuba ukusasazwa ngokubanzi kwinginginya.

"ESoviet" champagne eziveliswa iteknoloji okukhawulezileyo aze aye athotyiweyo kwiintsuku ezingama-26 emva kokuqalisa kwimveliso. Kwi inkalakahla, le champagne kwakukubi akukho ngaphezu kwamanye amazwe, nexabiso layo yayifumaneka kumntu wonke.

Isakramente production

ungenza njani champagne kweli xesha lethu?

Isigaba sokuqala - ukuthengwa seediliya, ekufuneka ibe ubuntwana kancinane kwaye, xa nshita mellow, uye phezulu acid. Of kweediliya ngalinye buthi ijusi uwaphalazele e kwamatanki enkulu ngenxa yokubola kwaye kuveliswe isiseko iwayini.

Emva koko, iwayini imivalo iintlobo beediliya ezahlukeneyo zixubene kunye, ukufumana udibaniso ogqibeleleyo. Le nkqubo ibizwa wokuxuba - kuyimfuneko kukuphucula incasa champagne.

Emva koko, lo mxube yahlaliswa zafakwa olinganise ekunene iswekile kunye negwele, ayivalele kwaye ibekwe ngokungqongqo ngokuxwesileyo. Iqale inkqubo yokubola yesibini, nto leyo ithatha malunga nonyaka. Ngeli xesha, ibhotile champagne kunye inyathelo elizayo ngenyathelo bazifinyeza asiphethule. Esi senzo sibizwa ngokuba ilizwi elihle "remuage" kwaye oko kuyimfuneko ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba bonke kwenze bathontelana kufuphi entanyeni ebhotileni.

Xa kwenzeke oku, intsalela kufuneka zisuswe ngononophelo - le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba "ukukhipha". Lo "mkhosi" kuphela ziingcali bokwenyaniso!

Emva kokuba isusiwe ngononophelo pellet, ibhotile umxube yewayini kunye neswekile, uze ibihleli ivaliwe waza wemka iinyanga ezimbalwa de iphekwe ngokupheleleyo.

Ngenxa yoko, ukuvelisa iintlobo eninzi oyintanda ethululwayo "umbhiyozo", kubandakanywa champagne obomvu, omhlophe ezipinki. Ukuba le nomnikelo ixhaphake kangaka kwiitafile zethu. Okunye champagne cheap, ogama ixabiso iqala engange 200 ibhotile nganye, ukuvelisa ngendlela olukhawulezisiweyo.

Incasa kunye nombala ...

Hi ndlela leyi, umbala champagne kuxhomekeke uhlobo yomdiliya. Okumangalisayo kukuba, oko kudla ngokuba champagne emhlophe eyenziwe iidiliya ezibomvu, amaqunube ngokucinezela ukuze incindi ayikho udibana nesikhumba idayi, kungenjalo ajike champagne ebomvu. Kodwa champagne pink iindlela ezimbini - nokuba ukuvumela ijusi ixesha elifutshane ukuze basebenzisane eluswini, okanye kongezwa iwayini amhlophe ebomvu encinane.

Abaninzi bakholelwa champagne iwayini abengezelayo, bekholelwa ukuba yinto enye. Enyanisweni, oku kuyinyaniso, ngaphandle kokuba champagne ingabizwa unelungelo iwayini kuphela senziwe Champagne AOC phantsi kolawulo olungqongqo. Ezinye champagne ersatz - ikho kuhle ukuba badle, kodwa iwayini yesiqhelo abengezelayo, ogama ixabiso iqala engange 200 ibhotile nganye.

Iintlobo ngeentlobo kumabanga

Iintlobo champagne iwayini iintlobo elithozamisayo kwaye yahlulwe:

• champagne dessert iqulathe ukusuka grams 8.5 ukuya 12 zeswekile ml 100 nganye;
• champagne semisweet ayikwazi igcina iigram 6-9 eswekile 100 ml;
• champagne semidry kungabandakanya ukusuka grams-4 ukuya kowe-8 zeswekile ml 100 ngokuxhomekeke lwalowo umenzi nganye;
• owomileyo Champagne yokuhlala 2-5 iigrem eswekile ml 100 nganye;
• Extra champagne owomileyo iquka 0 kuphela, 8 iigram eswekile 100 ml ;;
• brut - iyahluka liphantsi ipesenti ratio ye grams zeswekile ml 100 - iyonke 0.4;
• Brut Extra - iqulethe akukho iswekile kwaphela.