Amaqhinga mlilo: iindlela ekumiseleni kunye neempawu

Kweli nqaku, siza kukhokela umbuzo wezenzululwazi, ukufunda ngokwabo imililo, imithombo zabo, inkqubela kunye neendlela, neepatheni nemililo. Isihloko sale uqeqesho - amaqhinga umlilo. Makhe ihlale phezu kwakhe ngokwemiqathango, iinjongo, iindlela, ubuchule, cinga indlela esisiseko kwekhosi.

definition isiyalo

amaqhinga Fire - kukuba isayensi lifunda ukwanda komlilo kwakunye indlela yokuhlangabezana nazo, ukubahlangula abantu. Isifundo ingqalelo apha ezimbini - uqeqesho brigade ukucima umlilo kunye ucimayo ngqo.

Eyona kwicala zophando ingqeqesho - nokuchongwa lweepateni ezithile yamalungiselelo ezisebenzayo ukucima, inkqubo yokulwa nomlilo nokuhlangula amaxhoba. Ngako oko, into qhinga umlilo uza kwakha iindlela ngokukhawuleza nangobuchule umlilo zokucima.

Le uqeqesho yenzelwe kuhamba kwinqanaba yenzululwazi kunye methodological, amanyathelo wabacimi-mlilo ophule kunye ukulwa umlilo.

Eyona eziphambili Iinjongo ze kwingqeqesho

Umlilo zokucima umlilo ngamaqhinga ulandela ezi njongo zilandelayo:

• Uphononongo kweepateni ezithile zokuqhubela phambili umlilo.
• Familiarization ne algorithm isebenza njenge-mlilo nasekuphumezeni nokusindisa ezinxulumeneyo.
• Development of the ndlela iyimpumelelo nokucwangciswa izicima mlilo.
• Ukuphucula uqeqesho, zombini yamacebo ekampini nangokwasengqondweni kwabo bonke ababandakanyekayo - kwaye abucala, kunye nezikhokelo.

Injongo indalo, indlela

Injongo yale nkonzo yomlilo kunye nabanye abafana ngayo, kunye nophuhliso iziseko amaqhinga lomlilo ukhuseleko emlilweni abemi Russian. Le yokugqibela yahlulwe nothintelo emlilweni alwe nabo, yaye icandelo wakhe wesibini - ukulungiselela intshukumo kunye, enyanisweni, ukubeka umlilo. amaqhinga umlilo eyenzelwe ukujonga indlela zithwala ephambili yemfundo noqeqesho abacimi elizayo nokulawula izenzo isicima yi ngqo kwi 'ukulwa ".

Kunye nendlela yothintelo umlilo kunokuba aqhelekileyo nezibonelelo GOST 12.1.004-91. Iindlela zokujongana ngomlilo, sihlalutya inkcukacha ngezantsi. Okokuqala simazi imiqathango ezingundoqo, noqhuba nayiphi na incwadi kwi amaqhinga ngomlilo.

isigama Basic yesiyalo

naliphi na ukutshiswa ulwimi, isikali apho ziquka nokutshatyalaliswa kwempahla kunye engozini ubomi babantu yoMlilo. Luphawulwa eziphambili iparameters yayo yomine:

• omlilo ngamandla;
• indawo andise;
• Velocity of andise komlilo;
• ovuthayo.

Zathi lomlilo na indawo ukutsha kakhulu. Lubonakala yi ngokuqhubekayo:

• Ukudaleka ubushushu, kwanele ukuxhasa omlilo;
• amafutha / amafutha;
• Air okanye enye flow oxidant.

Kwasendaweni komlilo - le yindlela eya kujongana nayo, zinciphise indawo otshisayo. Icima - yiyo ekupheliseni komlilo, isigaba yokugqibela eya kuba kumiwe epheleleyo olulophu.

Khangela uze ukuphelisa Amaqhinga yokhuseleko lomlilo nobushushu ingaba iindlela ezimbini - okupholisa umbandela esivuthayo ukuze lobushushu apho ucinezelo liba amacandelo izidubuli nzima okanye wahlule. Ukuze ezi njongo, sebenzisa agents ucimayo ezizodwa, apho zohlulwa ngokwendidi ezintathu:

• okupholisa - amanzi okanye ezahlukeneyo izisombululo zolwelo;
• ngokuxuba into oyenzayo omnye komnye - le atomized amathontsi amanzi okanye amanzi umphunga, iigesi egalelwe;
• ikheswa ukusuka kwiindawo ukutshiswa - Ithatyathwe emigutyeni ucimayo ezizodwa, amagwebu - chemical nomoya-mechanical, sheetings, Ithatyathwe emigutyeni yonke non-ukutsha njalo njalo.

Le Amaqhinga amasebe umlilo

Qwalasela algorithm ilandelayo:

1. Reception, nokwenza ingxelo yesehlo.
2. Hlola isicima kunye nokuthotyelwa kwayo kwindawo yomlilo.
3. Exploration le ndawo.
4. Le oluntsonkothileyo imisebenzi ejolise zokucima umlilo.
5. Sebenzisa kwimfuneko yokuba eqela labasebenzi eyongezelelweyo kunye nezibonelelo.
6. Ukupheliswa ngokupheleleyo ngomlilo.
7. Umsebenzi kuyimfuneko ezikhethekileyo.
8. amaqela Collection, izixhobo, buyela endaweni nokusasazwa kaNdikhoyo ekampini.

Ngoku simazi ngokweenkcukacha kunye maqhinga, isicwangciso kunye nobukrelekrele umlilo nenkcubeko.

intelligence Fire

Nomlilo intelligence lineqela iimfuno enzima - zexesha, ukuthembeka, umsebenzi, purposefulness kunye nokuqhubekeka. Ngexesha iqela lakhe kufuneka enze imisebenzi enzima apho kuxhomekeke impumelelo zokucima umlilo;

• Khangela abantu, ukuba ukuhlola ezisongela ubomi babo kunye nempilo, kwakunye ukuchonga elichanekileyo sichaphazele indlela yosindiso.
• Ukuze ubone amathuba okubonakalisa imiba zesekondari lomlilo enobungozi.
• Ukumisela iindawo isikali umlilo, izixhobo avuthayo, isantya kunye nelangatye iindlela kwasasazeka.
• Fumana apho izakhiwo kunye nofakelo wokhuseleko mlilo kummandla into ochaphazelekayo kunokwenzeka.
• Fumana zombane, phantsi ombane, ukufumanisa amathuba kunye neendlela loqhawulo kwabo umbane.
• Ukwenziwa kocazululo emfutshane imeko izakhiwo, amandla abo kunye nokomelela; ukuchonga iindawo disassembly okanye ukuvulwa kunokwenzeka.
• Afumanise okokuba ingaba imikhosi wabacimi wafika ngokufanelekileyo kunye nobuchwepheshe eyendawo kunye lomqhubi zomlilo, ukuba ifowuni ifuna ukusekelwa.
• Ukukhetha indlela esithatha amanyathelo neuropathy ngeendlela.

Iincwadi kwi ngamaqhinga umlilo kwi "Exploration" balole ngakumbi ugqaliselo abafundi kwizihloko ezinjengezi:

• zoviwo izithuba nomsi;
• zokwakha kwesidumbu kunye nezinye izakhiwo ukuba ngokubekwa iindlela baphume;
• amanyathelo okhuseleko ezimbaxa ngexesha lophando.

zokucima umlilo amaqhinga

Ngenxa lizwe imikhosi lomlilo ezingundoqo ezijolise ekudaleni UT - iinkalo zokucima. Zahlula ngohlobo ukusebenza kwawo;

• ukucima;
• ukhuseleko;
• ukumhlangula amaxhoba, njl

Ukuze ngempumelelo ukugqibezela umsebenzi phambi kokuba bafike kwindawo okwenzeke ekampini, kufuneka ukhethe kumda wesangqa ekunene amanyathelo angawo. Imigaqo yokufumanisa ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukuba kukho isoyikiso kubomi okanye impilo nexhoba, ngoko ke ugxininiso kweli umsebenzi uya kuba yosindiso lwabo.
• Ukuba ukuqhubela phambili umlilo zingabanga uqhushumbo okanye ukuwa, inqaba izicima mlilo swi ukuvimbela ntlekele.
• Xa kukho ingozi yokuba lidangatye zityalwe kwi izakhiwo ezikude kunye namaziko kushunyayelwe kuzo, isenzo sokuqala yeshishini umlilo kufuneka ukunqanda oku kwaye ukukhuthaza umntu ubuncinane owenzakeleyo lomonakalo eziphathekayo.
• Ukuba akukho isoyikiso ukwanda komlilo kwezinye izakhiwo, isicima mlilo lilo imikhosi zazo eziphambili kwi zalapha ekhaya kwabo umlilo kakhulu.
• Ukuba ehlanganiswa isakhiwo umlilo akukho ixabiso eziphathekayo, kodwa kukho kungenzeka ukuba nelangatye kuwutwabulula nezakhiwo ezisecaleni nezakhiwo, ibutho ngokuyintloko izenzo phezu zokhuselo lomlilo wamva.

Xa isifundo kwengcamango ekulweni imililo kufuneka bazi oku kulandelayo:

• kuthetha zisitya, umsebenzi kunye arhente ucimayo ezahlukeneyo;
• ukondla indlela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo - izisele avuthayo umphezulu, mgodini ukudibana, njl, zemithi ukondla amagwebu ;.
• iindlela ngokubekwa imigca umbhobho;
• iimpawu kunye nemithetho yokhuseleko ngokusebenza iindawo nomsi.

amaqhinga Formula umlilo Basic

Kuba indawo ifomula zokuqikelela andise umlilo wasebenzisa zithethe zixabisekileyo zilandelayo:

V _L - ixabiso Velocity ngokulandelelanayo ye andise amandla omlilo;

_p t - ixesha lomlilo;

t _Lock - ixesha eyendawo umlilo;

L _n - umendo onqamlezwe ngomlilo.

Kwifomula amele itafile esicacisa indlela onqamlezwe ngomlilo ngexesha kuphuhliso lomlilo.

Imigaqo yentlawulo	ifomula
Imizuzu eyi-10 lomlilo	L p = 0.5 x L x V t p
Xa imizuzu ixesha umlilo ngaphezulu kwe-10 phambi kokuba kuqaliswe indlela yokuqala ucimayo	L p = 0.5 x V x L 10 x L + V (t p - 10)
Emva Intshayelelo izixhobo umlilo-ukulwa zalapha umlilo	L p = 0.5 x V x t p l + 0.5 l x V x t lok

Ukuze ubone indlela onqamlezwe ngomlilo ngokusebenzisa imingxunyana ezikhoyo emnyango, - L _{ivuma / n} amanani kusebenza:

L _n - indlela umlilo:

L _{Ave / zu} - yesimo lokuphumla ukusuka embindini yokuya nombindi ucinezelo ukuya nkqo;

L _Lane - umgama ukusuka kwaqala umlilo eludongeni eguqula ukuma yonke indawo umlilo.

Ukuba isango kwindawo emlilweni, xa yokugqibela kwatshintsha phezu kwephundu buxande, usebenzisa ifomula: L _{zu / n} = L _n - L _{Ave / ivuma.}

Ukuba phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo emnyango ukuba ngokwemizuzu yommandla lomlilo, ukubala eziyimfuneko: L _{zu / n} = L _n - L _Lane.

Ifomula Ukubala izinto zokucima umlilo

Ukuze abale inani elifunekayo mali ukucima amanani ilandelayo iyasebenza:

_MP Q - inani elipheleleyo umbandela efunekayo;

Q _{tr / t} - Ubungakanani into efunekayo ukuze icima;

Q _{tr / s} - ubungakanani into efunekayo ukuze kukhuselwe;

S _p - Area lomlilo;

S _t - ummandla icima;

I _tr - ukondla kweziyobisi nokuqina efunekayo.

N _{t / Amanqaku} - Inani nezixhobo ucimayo;

N _{z / Amanqaku} - inani emigodini ukukhusela;

q _stv - ukusetyenziswa into ukusuka komnye enye.

Iincwadi ukwazi ukuhlangabezana umsebenzi amaqhinga umlilo kwizigqibo ngokungqinelana iifomyula:

• Q = Q _{ts ts / t} + Q _{ts / s;}
• Q _{tr / t n} = S x I _{RP oko;}
• Q _{tr / t} = S _t x I _{RP oko;}
• Q _{tr / z} = S _n x I _{c / Tp;}
• N _{t / ts stv} = Q _{/ t} / q _nqaku;
• _Amanqaku N _{z / Amanqaku} = Q _{ts / s} / _q.

Siye sahlolisisa uqeqesho nje kuphela zemfundo, kodwa phantse isicelo emsebenzini mlilo. kunceda ilifa ngempumelelo qhinga umlilo ngokukhawuleza ukwenza lo mfanekiso ukuhlola nokwakha ulandelelwano oluchanekileyo yezenzo, ukunciphisa inani lamaxhoba kunye nomonakalo eziphathekayo.