Amagama zomculo. Uluhlu amagama edume zomculo

Ihlabathi lomculo multi-amaninzi, izalathiso ezininzi ezingundoqo asisiseko onke amasiko zomculo. Classical, symphony, asa, ijazz, umculo pop, rock and roll, iintsomi, ilizwe - kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo kunye nezimbo wonke incasa kunye yonke meko.

esizukulwaneni

Umculo nokuzoba yavela ngenkulungwane yokuqala elinesithandathu, xa kuqala bathoba, ndazidlathula nezixhobo. Kakhulu ngaphambili yasungulwa amakhwelo likumgangatho iimpondo kunye Yimbande, leyo zazenziwe nekalamo, iimpondo, izilwanyana, kunye nezinye izixhobo ezikhoyo. Kwinkulungwane elinesixhenxe inkcubeko zomculo iye yakhula ezikhundleni luhamba ngesantya esincomekayo: izixhobo wabonakala iimvumi ngakumbi nangakumbi baqalisa ukuba bazimanye namaqela, ezivunywa, Categories, quartets, yaye kamva emculweni.

notation emculweni

notation Musical kwabonakala izixhobo zomculo yokuqala, njengoko sicula, ubugcisa uyakhala kufuna indlela, ukukwazi ukubhala ephepheni ceba uncuthu lwengoma, uze kuphela nizenze. Ngoko ke kwiinowuthsi kunye odumileyo amanqaku asixhenxe. Ukongeza amanqaku ngendlela ethile, kwaba lula ukufumana uncuthu lwengoma, ukwakheka-elula, njengoko kwakungekho isiqingatha-neethowuni. Weza lo ezibukhali kwaye iflethi, leyo nangoko bandisa amathuba umqambi. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kubo ngokwenza izakhono iimvumi, ukubambelela iziseko theoretical component umculo. Kodwa kukho amagcisa abaninzi badlale indlebe, ukuba ungayazi kwithiyori umculo, akukho mfuneko. Ezi ngabangqungqayo abasebenza of blues nomculo lizwe. taxi isiginci okanye ipiyano Ziliqela ngentloko, kwaye ezinye ikwagqibezela italente yendalo. Noko ke, imiqathango kusebenziseka ngqo kubugcisa zabo, ezi iimvumi baqhelene, kodwa yokuzenzisa kuphela.

Ukuvela amagama zomculo

Ukuze ukuba ulahlekile ngeendlela umculo kunye neentsingiselo, iintlobo ngeentlobo izixhobo kunye nezixhobo, amagama zomculo yasungulwa. Ngokuthe ngcembe, yonke inento yokwenza umculo, wavuka igama layo. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba umculo wazalelwa e-Italy, phantse onke amagama zomculo zaye zamkelwa ngolwimi Italian kunye nokubhalwa yayo. Ezinye izihloko ingoma zibhalwa isiFrentshi okanye isiLatin, ngokuxhomekeke imvelaphi yabo. amagama zomculo Italian zibonisa kuphela umfanekiso enkulu kwaye lingatshintsha kwezinye iimeko, amanye amagama afanayo anentsingiselo.

imvelaphi Italian

Umculo - yinto ichibi elikhulu inkcubeko yehlabathi, nto leyo endinga indlela kakhulu systemic. amagama zomculo evunyiweyo kwinqanaba ekomiti Ezolimi amazwe aseYurophu, kuquka Italy, yaye ngaloo ndlela wafumana iwonga esemthethweni. Ulawulo kumaziko zomculo ehlabathini esekelwe ukusetyenziswa kwemigaqo ngokungqinelana kunye nesicelo sabo - idale iimanyuwali kunye nezikhokelo.

ngokoMthetho owaziwa

Igama elithi idumileyo zomculo - i "clef treble", ezazi izinto zonke. Ixabiso izihloko ezininzi ethandwa ayikwazi nemikhuba kwimibhalo yabo kukho uhlobo saziwe, into efanayo xa usiva ibinzana odumileyo. Umzekelo, lo gama uninzi zomculo - Kakade ke, "jazz." Kuba ezininzi unxulunyaniswa Negro isingqi kunye ukwahluka ezingaqhelekanga.

Amagama kunye nokubekwa

Umntu akakwazi ukujonga ukuba ingayethuba somculo ngongcono owaziwayo. Olu didi kungaquka igama "Symphony", ntonye umculo weklasiki. Xa sisiva eli lizwi, phambi kwamehlo am kukho band eqongeni, ivayolin kunye cello, kunye amanqaku iziganga umculo umqhubi nasemisileni. iingqiqo zomculo kunye nemigomo ukunceda nto iyevakala ntoni kwiholo ekhonsathini, kwaye ukuqonda kakuhle umsebenzi. ababukeli nobunzima kakhulu, ukuya ikonsathi kwi Philharmonic, siphambanise ne Adagio andante, njengoko nganye inkcazelo yayo yekota.

amagama eyinqobo umculo

Simela ingqalelo imiqathango edume somculo. Olu luhlu luquka amagama afana:

• Arpeggio - Isingqi alternation amanqaku gqolo xa zilungiselelwe izandi omnye emva komnye.
• Bendlela - umsebenzi uyakhala, i-opera, Zenziwe i okhestra.
• Nguqu - iqhekeza instrumental okanye iziqwenga, Zenziwe iingxaki ezahlukahlukeneyo.
• Gamma - le alternation umculo ngendlela ethile, kodwa ngaphandle ukuxuba phezulu okanye ezantsi wenowuthi phindo.
• Range - lekhefu phakathi isandi isixhobo nawona aphezulu okanye nelizwi.
• Isikali - izandi amalungiselelo kumqolo ukuphakama, izikimu efanayo. Isikali ekhona kwi imisebenzi zomculo okanye iziqwenga zabo.
• Cantata - isiziba ukuba ikonsathi yi iokhestra, imilonji kunye nekwayala.
• Clavier - umisile symphony okanye opera ukulungiselela utoliko ipiyano okanye nivume ipiyano sihambisana.
• Opera - uhlobo lomculo ibalulekileyo idibanisa idrama kunye nomculo, umculo kunye ballet.
• Isandulela - Intshayelelo iqhekeza engundoqo umculo. Ingasetyenziswa njengoko ifom elizimeleyo ngenxa yeqhosha.
• Romance - umsebenzi ngomsebenzi uyakhala kunye sihambisana. Lubonakala ngokuba imo zothando, uncuthu lwengoma.
• Rondo - Ukuphindaphindwa mxholo uphambili imisebenzi kunye nofakelo phakathi uyazikhwebula ezinye iziqephu ezinxulumeneyo.
• Symphony - umsebenzi yi iokhestra kwiindawo ezine. Ngokusekelwe nemigaqo ifomu Sonata.
• Sonata - iqhekeza negalelo semilo oluntsonkothileyo iindawo eziliqela, enye yazo evelele.
• Suite - umculo iindawo ezininzi, ezahlukeneyo nomxholo nokuchasanisa kunye nabanye.
• Overture - intshayelelo imveliso, elifutshane utyhila isiqulatho engundoqo. yokwenza okhestra, njengokuba umthetho, yi iqhekeza ezimeleyo somculo.
• Piano - ngokuhlanganisa igama izixhobo, osebenza lo mgaqo ihamile oxabela imitya ngabantu.
• Chromatic gamma - gamma halftone wambumba ukuzaliswa eliphakathi halftone enkulu imizuzwana.
• Texture - indlela ntetho umculo. Iintlobo eziphambili: nepiyano, amazwi, umculo weekwayara, okhestra zomculo.
• Ithoni - uphawu ungakhathazeki ukuphakama. Ithoni accidentals inkalo ephambili, nokumisela nokwakheka izandi.
• Okwesithathu - interval amanyathelo amathathu. Ezinkulu wesithathu - iithowuni ezincinane ezimbini - ithowuni enesiqingatha.
• Endlebeni Training - ezibude izifundo siseko ngenjongo yokuba i indlebe zomculo kunye nophuhliso yayo ngakumbi.
• Scherzo - sketch zomculo lula, uhlobo playful. Ngamana kungena umsebenzi zomculo enkulu njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo. Kusenokwenzeka kuba yinto eyahlukileyo umculo.

elithi Musical "Allegro"

Ubuchule ngamnye bandile. Ngokomzekelo, ibinzana musical "Allegro" (Allegro) - "fast", "fun", "ekhululekile". Iba akukacaci ukuba imveliso majeure nkulumo. Ngaphezu koko, igama musical "Allegro" libhekisela iziganeko engaqhelekanga kwaye ngamanye amaxesha festive. Style, esibonakala ngulo mbono, kuba le nto idolo. Kuphela kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ibinzana musical "Allegro" ithetha uphuhliso cwaka, walinganisa yesiqwenga eso, ngomdlalo okanye opera. Kodwa kulo mzekelo, ithowuni iyonke imisebenzi okuchwayitha novakalelo.

NgokoMthetho ezichaza indlela kunye neentlobo lomculo

Amagama zahlulwe ngokweendidi eziliqela. Tempo, isingqi okanye isantya lokubulawa zichaza amagama athile somculo. Uluhlu Amagama:

• Adagio (adagio) - ngokuzolileyo, ngokucotha.
• Adzhitato (adgitato) - babenemincili, onwabile, zikucaphukisa.
• Andante (andante) - ngcembe, ngokucotha, uhlaziywe.
• Appassionato (appassionato) - ephila obathandayo.
• Accelerando (accelerando) - ukunyusa izinga yesantya.
• Kalyando (calando) - kunye ebunayo, ukunciphisa isantya kwaye kuncitshiswe uxinzelelo.
• Cantabile (cantabile) - emnandi, raspevno, ngemvakalelo.
• Dolcheretstsa Kon (con dolcherezza) - kuhle, ngesisa.
• Con Forza (con forza) - ngamandla, ngamandla.
• Decrescendo (decrescendo) - ngokuthe ukunciphisa amandla isandi.
• Dolce (Dolce) - ngobunono ubumnandi, kuhle.
• Dolorosa (doloroso) - kalusizi, pathetically, ngamandla.
• Forte (Forte) - ngokukhwaza ngokomeleleyo.
• Fortissimo (fortissimo) - elikhulu kunene, kwezulu.
• Lyargo (Largo) - kakuhle, ngokukhululeka, kancinane.
• Legato (legato) - agudileyo, ezolileyo, kuphole.
• Lento (lento) - ngokucotha, sehlise nangakumbi.
• Ledzhiero (legiero) - lula, kakuhle bengacinganga.
• Maestoso (maestoso) - zodidi, ingqungquthela.
• Misteriozo (misterioso) - ngokuzolileyo, baphela.
• Moderato (moderato) - abangaxhalabisiyo, ngabom, kancinane.
• Piano (nepiyano) - kancinane, kancinane.
• Pianissimo (pianissimo) - cwaka kakhulu, Ubaguqisa.
• Presto (presto) - fast, olukhulu.
• Sempra (Sempre) - lonke ixesha, ayikatshintshi.
• Spirituozo (spirituozo) - Siyanibonga, ngemvakalelo.
• Staccato (staccato) - ezixhuzuxhuzulayo.
• Vivache (vivace) - eliphilileyo, ukuzila, non-stop.
• Vivo (vivo) - nesantya avareji phakathi Presto ne Allegro.

isigama sobugcisa

• clef treble - umqondiso okhethekileyo nemiliselwe ekuqaleni kwebanga zomculo, ebonisa ukuba ngqalelo ngelamadoda ilizwi lokuqala "G" kwi kwiinowuthsi umgca wesibini.
• IBass Clef - icon, eqinisekisa isiphumo esidumileyo "F" ka ngelamadoda ilizwi ezincinane bazama umgca yesine.
• Bekar - icon ebonisa kurhoxiswe umqondiso "flat" yaye "Sharp". Luphawu kokulungiswa.
• Ibukhali - i icon ebonisa ukunyuka inowuthi enye semitone. Luphawu kokulungiswa.
• Flat - icon ebonisa nokuthotywa inowuthi enye semitone. Luphawu kokulungiswa.
• Kabini-ibukhali - i icon ebonisa ukwanda kwe isandi semitones ezimbini, ilizwi yonke. Luphawu kokulungiswa.
• Double Flat - icon olumele ukuhla isandi semitones ezimbini, ilizwi yonke. Luphawu kokulungiswa.
• Umjikelo inxenye, ezinokukhokelela ekuchithekeni kuqamba somculo - ukuziqinisa.
• Gns, ukunciphisa unobumba inowuthi, bakhonza ukuba lula notation zomculo kwimeko ekuyo. Eyona ziqhelekileyo: Reprise uphawu tremolo, iimpawu melismatic.
• Quintuplets - uhlobo amanqaku amahlanu, ukutshintshwa iqela zisaqhubeka amanqaku amane, ukwalathelwa - inombolo 5, ngasentla okanye ngezantsi kumanqaku.
• Key - i icon ebonisa indawo nesandi sokurekhoda of line umculo ngokunxulumene nezinye izandi.
• Iimpawu eziphambili - icons sokuguqula, ibekwe kufutshane kwiqhosha.
• Qaphela - icon igxunyekwe kwesinye ngemigca kwiinowuthsi, okanye phakathi kwabo, ebonisa ubude kunye nexesha isandi.
• Azame - imigca ezintlanu eyayingqalene ukulungiselela kumanqaku. Ulungelelwaniso icon zomculo kuqhutywa ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu.
• Score - notation somculo, eyahlukileyo nxaxheba nganye isebenza lokubulawa, kuthathelwa ingqalelo zokungahambisani amazwi kunye nezixhobo.
• Reprise - icon ebonisa phindaphindo nayiphi na inxalenye imveliso. Isiqwenga uphindaphinde, ezinye iinguqulelo.
• Inqanaba - umyalelo nesikhundla izandi acunuke, omiselwe Amanani baseRoma.

amagama zomculo ngawo onke amaxesha

isigama zomculo - sisiseko yobugcisa eziqhuba lwanamhlanje. Ngaphandle amagama akunakwenzeka ukuba ubhale phantsi amanqaku, kodwa akukho manqaku a umculi okanye imvumi akukho ukudlala okanye ukucula. ngokoMthetho icala academic - musa ukutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye musa ukuya kwixesha elidlulileyo. ngaphezu kweminyaka engamakhulu amathathu kwemoto eyadlulayo, ukuba kusekho efanelekileyo.