Amachiza Antileukotriene isizukulwana esitsha: uluhlu lwe the best

iziyobisi Antileukotriene bamele udidi olutsha arhente zokunciphisa iinkqubo ukudumba ukuba umyalezo uyalisa okanye esosulelayo.

Ukuze uqonde umgaqo amanyathelo kula machiza, kubalulekile ukuqonda oko ke leukotrienes.

leukotrienes

Bona abaxazululi komtshiso oko. Ngokutsho kulwakhiwo yemizimba yethu, ukuba okunamafutha acid, apho ukusekwa CD acid.

Leukotrienes inxaxheba kuphuhliso sombefu. Njengoko ngokunjalo histamine, ukuba njengabalamli kukwalisa lohlobo ngokukhawuleza. Histamine kunokubangela bronchospasm rapid kodwa elifutshane kunye leukotrienes kubangela spasm ezilibazisekileyo nangaphezulu.

Njengoko iziyobisi antileukotriene ezithathwa?

Okwangoku, leukotrienes zihlelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: A _4, B _4, C _4, D _{4, E-4.}

Yindibanisela leukotrienes ezivela CD. It uphantsi kweempembelelo yemali-5-lipoxygenase ukuba leukotriene A _4. Emva koko kukho yokusabela ukuxubana, nto leyo ekhokelele ifomu elilandelayo leukotrienes B ₄ -C ₄ -D ₄ -XO _4. Imveliso yokugqibela yale yokusabela - lte _4.

Umi ukuba lte _4, D _4, E ₄ kungabangela isiphumo bronchoconstrictor, ukwanda yencindi secretion inokuba negalelo kuphuhliso nokudumba, zinqanda yokususwa mucociliary.

B _4, D _4, E ₄ kuba umsebenzi chemotactic, ngamanye ukuze ukutsala neutrophils kunye eosinophils kwinkqubo kwindawo arhabaxa.

Izazinzulu lubonise ukuba leukotrienes ziveliswa macrophage, iiseli lwemasti, eosinophils, neutrophils, T-lymphocyte, apho abanenxaxheba ngokuthe ngqo ngayo arhabaxa. amachiza Antileukotriene somoya isoloko isetyenziswa.

Emva kokuba iiseli ezidibana kunye allergen iyintsimbi- yenzekile yomoya okanye emva amandla omzimba, isebenze LT yokuqaphela. Oko kukuthi, ukuba kuyondelelaniswe iqala xa osmolarity lusanda umxholo inyumoniya.

amaqela ezine iziyobisi

Ngoku waziwa iziyobisi onke amaqela amane antileukotriene:

1. "Zileuton", nto leyo inhibitor ngqo-lipoxygenase 5.
2. Imixube ezo inhibitors floppy, inkqubo ziyabophelela neprothini nge CD ubavuselele.
3. "Zafirlukast", "Pobilukast", "Montelukast", "pranlukast", "verlukast" ezo bachasene of receptors leukotriene sulfidopeptidnyh.
4. Iziyobisi bachasene of leukotriene B ₄ receptor.

Okufundwa iziyobisi antileukotriene yeqela lokuqala kunye neqela lesithathu kwemali. Khawuqwalasele ezi maqela ngokweenkcukacha ezingakumbi.

"Zileuton"

"Zileuton" i inhibitor ingathityazwa ka-lipoxygenase 5. Oku uyakwazi zinqanda ukuyilwa sulfidopeptidnyh The LT kunye RT _4. Ichiza inokuba neziphumo bronchodilator ithatha iiyure ezintlanu. Kwakhona iyakwazi ukuthintela ukwenzeka spasm inyumoniya, nto leyo ngenxa yokuvela umoya obandayo okanye "aspirin".

izifundo ezininzi kubonisa ukuba "Zileuton" eyabelwe izigulana asthma inyumoniya iinyanga enye ukuya ezintandathu, ungawuhlisa nemfuneko yokuba isigulane ukuba imuncwe β2-agonists kunye corticosteroids. A idosi enye "zileuton" ilumkisa kukuvela uthimla nephika ngeempumlo ukuphefumla izigulane abaphethwe nokuthimliswa ezikumila kunje emva ulawulo ngeempumlo of allergen.

I-veki ezintandathu unyango with "zileuton" atopic yesifuba wabonisa result ebalulekileyo. Oogqirha bathi ezikumgangatho ophezulu ukwehlisa eosinophils kunye neutrophils. Kwakhona, oko kunciphisa ithumba necrosis factor kwiincindi lavage bronchoalveolar emva uhlobo allergen uvavanyo. Yiloo nto ke amayeza antileukotriene ekhethekileyo, indlela yokusebenza isekelwe kule.

"Zileuton" iphawulwa ngexesha elingephi, apho kukho wayo-isiqingatha ubomi. Oku kubonisa ukuba ichiza kufuneka kwenziwe rhoqo ngokwaneleyo ukuba kane ngemini. Ukongezelela, "Zileuton" okwaziyo lokunciphisa zesigunyaziso theophylline. Kufuneka kuqwalaselwa, ukuba izakuthatwa parallel ukwamkelwa theophylline kunye "zileuton". Oko kukuthi, kufuneka incitshiswe kwedosi yokuqala. Ukuba 'Zileuton "unikwe ixesha elide, kuyimfuneko ukuba esweni umgangatho enqanda zesibindi.

Kodwa kukho antileukotriene isizukulwana esitsha lwamachiza, uluhlu lwabo siboniswa apha ngezantsi.

Agents ezo bachasene of leukotrienes sulfidopeptidnyh, okhuphisana ukuba bakhethe kakhulu kwaye ingathityazwa blocker LT D ₄ receptor. La machiza aquka "pranlukast" "Zafirlukast", "Montelukast."

"Akolat" ( "Zafirlukast")

"Zafirlukast" aka "Akolat" lolona wafunda eli qela yezinto iziyobisi antileukotriene. Kwakhona yokuqhelaniswa esebenzayo bronchodilator. Le nguqu ihlala ixesha elide, ukuya iiyure ezintlanu. inkqubo "Zafirlukast" uyakwazi iyaluthintela uphuhliso ukusabela abanesifuba xa kwimeko inhalation allergen. ukusebenza kwayo ubungqina bokuba, kwaye spasm inyumoniya yokuthintela, nto leyo nomsindo umoya obandayo, aspirin, umsebenzi ngokwasemzimbeni, ezingcolisayo. iziyobisi Active, nokulungiselela "Montelukast" akwazi ukuphucula umsebenzi bronchodilator of β2-agonists.

"Akolat" ( "Zafirlukast") abe absorbability elungileyo, eyavela incopho egazini kwenziwa emva kweeyure ezintathu emva ulawulo lwayo. Its xesha isiqingatha ubomi kancinci ixesha elide ngaphezu "zileuton", yaye iiyure ezili-10. Ukongeza, ukuba alunasiphumo kwi zesigunyaziso theophylline. Yamkela isiyobisi esebenzayo kufuneka ibe iyure phambi kwesidlo okanye kwisithuba iiyure ezimbini emva koko, ukusukela ukutya kakhulu kunciphisa umthamo wayo ukufunxeka. Kuthethwa ukunyamezeleka kakhulu kakuhle.

isiphelo

amachiza Antileukotriene for komzimba enokusetyenziselwa abantwana, kodwa phambi kokuba bafike kwiminyaka emibini. Ngoncedo ezi amayeza ebantwaneni ukuphathwa bronchitis nezolo, nokuthimliswa negazi, isifuba ezolileyo.